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Goodridge HS Reyes CN Becker CA Katsumoto TR Ma J Wolf AJ Bose N Chan AS Magee AS Danielson ME Weiss A Vasilakos JP Underhill DM 《Nature》2011,472(7344):471-475
Innate immune cells must be able to distinguish between direct binding to microbes and detection of components shed from the surface of microbes located at a distance. Dectin-1 (also known as CLEC7A) is a pattern-recognition receptor expressed by myeloid phagocytes (macrophages, dendritic cells and neutrophils) that detects β-glucans in fungal cell walls and triggers direct cellular antimicrobial activity, including phagocytosis and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In contrast to inflammatory responses stimulated upon detection of soluble ligands by other pattern-recognition receptors, such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), these responses are only useful when a cell comes into direct contact with a microbe and must not be spuriously activated by soluble stimuli. In this study we show that, despite its ability to bind both soluble and particulate β-glucan polymers, Dectin-1 signalling is only activated by particulate β-glucans, which cluster the receptor in synapse-like structures from which regulatory tyrosine phosphatases CD45 and CD148 (also known as PTPRC and PTPRJ, respectively) are excluded (Supplementary Fig. 1). The 'phagocytic synapse' now provides a model mechanism by which innate immune receptors can distinguish direct microbial contact from detection of microbes at a distance, thereby initiating direct cellular antimicrobial responses only when they are required. 相似文献
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T. Katsumoto A. Takagi A. Hirano T. Kurimura 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1980,36(6):689-689
Summary A new procedure which enables us to observe whole cultured cells autoradiographically by electron microscopy is described. By this method, only a relatively small amount of radioisotope and a relatively short exposure period are needed to get a large enough number of silver grains over the cell. The location of radioactive substances can be examined in relation to internal cell structures, especially the nucleus. 相似文献
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