Investigation on Bending and Creasing of Woven Fabrics under Low Curvature

Under the assumption of semi - circular form for a fabric bend, creasing of fabric strips and compression of fabric loops are analyzed by neglecting the structural complexity of the fabric. The relationship between the creasing force and deformation are deduced using an energy method and solutions are given for a linearly elastic material with constant internal frictional constraint. The agreements between the theoretical predictions and experimental results are very satisfactory.     

Study on Bending of Woven Fabrics Using Linear Viscoelasticity Theory

The bending behavior of woven fabrics under low curva-ture conditions has been analyzed by linear viscoelastictheory.The fabric is assumed to behave viscoelasticallyand to be subjected to frictional restraints in bending de-formation.The frictional restraint is considered to beproportional to the curvature and can be described by africtional moment.A model has been constructed by astandard three-element solid model and a paralleledfrictional sliding element.The equations of the model fora cyclic curvature variation are derived.A set of param-eters of the equations for each fabric has been obtainedexperimentally.Predictions of the bending rigidity andhysteresis for wool,cashmere,wool/polyester blended,polyester and cotton fabrics are made,displaying verygood agreement with the experimental observations.     

Human gamma delta+ T cells respond to mycobacterial heat-shock protein

Most T cells recognize antigen through the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR)alpha beta-CD3 complex on the T-cell surface. A small percentage of T cells, however, do not express alpha beta but a second type of TCR complex designated gamma delta (ref. 2). Unlike alpha beta+ lymphocytes, gamma delta+ lymphocytes do not generally express CD4 or CD8 molecules, and the nature of antigen recognition by these cells is unknown. To study antigen recognition by gamma delta+ lymphocytes we raised a gamma delta+ alpha beta- -CD4-CD8- line from an individual immune to PPD (purified protein derivative). This line showed a specific proliferative response to PPD and to a recombinant mycobacterial heat-shock protein (HSP) of relative molecular mass 65,000 (65K). The gamma delta+ line was shown to exhibit a major response to HSP in the presence of autologous antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Minor responses occurred, however, with APCs matched for some HLA class I or II antigens, whereas no response occurred with HLA-mismatched APCs. These findings, therefore, document the requirement of HSP-reactive gamma delta+ lymphocytes for histocompatible APCs.     

Structure and transport studies on nanometer YBCO/PBCGO multilayers

We have fabricated M doped （M = Al, Co, Fe, Ga, Ni and Zn） PrBa2Cu3O7（PBCO）, i.e. PrBa2（CU1-xMx）3O7. The doping levels x are 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20. X-ray data indicated no significant second phase for substituting Cu by Al, Co, Fe and Ga up to 20%. However impurity phases were detected for Ni and Zn substituted samples with doping levels equal to and higher than 15%. At 77 K the electrical resistivity of these compounds is orders in magnitude higher than that of PBCO. We also found that although the lattice parameters in the doped samples differ from PBCO, all samples remain orthorhombic. The lattice parameters of the doped sample are very close to those of YBa2CU3O7-δ （YBCO） and PBCO. For this reason these compounds are better materials to be used as the I-layer for YBCO SIS junctions. Results of structural and transport studies on 2000 A thick PrBa2[Cu0.80G0.2]3O7 （PBCGO） and YBCO/PBCGO multilayers are presented in this paper.     

Clothing Consumption in Urban China

Based on data gathered through a questionnaire survey with 3,544 respondents in six largest cities in China, the clothing expenditures of Chinese consumers and influential factors are investigated hi this paper. It was found that regional differences exist significantly among the cities, possibly due to differences in economy, customs, culture and other factors. It was also found that the demographic and socioeconomic factors including age, gender, marital status, education level, occupation, and household income have a significant influence on clothing expenditures. Further, the interactive influences of geographic variable with demographic and socioeconomic variables on the clothing expenditures were examined. The findings should have useful implications for segmenting Chinese consumers and developing marketing strategies in China.     

Pilling Segmentation for Objective Pilling Evaluation

IntroductionPillingonfabricsisaquiteunpleasantfeaturewhichaffectsthevisualquality.Pillingisgenerallyformedinfourstages:fuzz,entanglement,growthandwearoff[1].Dailywashingandwearingarethecommonsourcefortheformation.Thedurabilityofagarmentisthereforedeterminedbythetimeusedtoformsuchsmallfuzzballsonsurface.Inthelaboratory,fabricsarecutintosizeandplacedintopillingtesterstosimulatethesituation.ASTMprovidedseveralguidelines[2—5]fortheinspectionwhileAATCCgaveageneraltestingprocedure[6]onpillingre…