泡沫灭火剂热老化机理研究

水成膜泡沫灭火剂在长期储存过程中存在由于老化而导致性能下降的问题。为了研究泡沫灭火剂的老化降解机理,分别在60℃和90℃下对灭火剂进行加速热老化192 h,研究了灭火剂在老化前后的性能变化;采用液相色谱-质谱联用技术（LC-MS）,通过灭火剂在老化前后的离子流变化分析了碳氢表面活性剂的降解情况;采用核磁共振氢谱法（¹H NMR）定量分析了不同pH环境对碳氢表面活性剂稳定性的影响。结果表明：在60℃和90℃下加速热老化192 h后,泡沫灭火剂的发泡倍率明显下降,pH值显著升高,表面张力未发生明显变化;在90℃下热老化192 h后,烷基链长度在C₁₂以下的碳氢表面活性剂发生了明显降解,烷基链长度为C₁₄和C₁₆的碳氢表面活性剂相对稳定;在90℃下热老化192 h后,糖苷类表面活性剂在酸性和碱性环境下的降解率大于中性环境,甜菜碱类表面活性剂在碱性环境下的降解率大于酸性和中性环境,因此在实际应用时应避免添加导致体系pH大幅升高的组分。     

泡沫灭火剂热老化机理研究

水成膜泡沫灭火剂在长期储存过程中存在由于老化而导致性能下降的问题。为了研究泡沫灭火剂的老化降解机理,分别在60℃和90℃下对灭火剂进行加速热老化192 h,研究了灭火剂在老化前后的性能变化;采用液相色谱-质谱联用技术(LC-MS),通过灭火剂在老化前后的离子流变化分析了碳氢表面活性剂的降解情况;采用核磁共振氢谱法(¹H NMR)定量分析了不同pH环境对碳氢表面活性剂稳定性的影响。结果表明：在60℃和90℃下加速热老化192 h后,泡沫灭火剂的发泡倍率明显下降,pH值显著升高,表面张力未发生明显变化;在90℃下热老化192 h后,烷基链长度在C₁₂以下的碳氢表面活性剂发生了明显降解,烷基链长度为C₁₄和C₁₆的碳氢表面活性剂相对稳定;在90℃下热老化192 h后,糖苷类表面活性剂在酸性和碱性环境下的降解率大于中性环境,甜菜碱类表面活性剂在碱性环境下的降解率大于酸性和中性环境,因此在实际应用时应避免添加导致体系pH大幅升高的组分。     

发展农村合作组织构建农村和谐社会

构建社会主义农村和谐社会是建立社会主义和谐社会的主要内容，没有社会主义农村和谐社会，我们党建立社会主义和谐社会的伟大理想就难以实现。发展农村合作组织是构建社会主义农村和谐社会的重要方面。农村合作组织的健康发展，将为构建社会主义农村和谐社会提供坚实的社会基础、政治基础和思想基础。     

等离子熔射ZrO2粒子飞行状态

在熔射过程中．粉末粒子的温度、速度、空间分布等是影响沉积效率和熔射质量的直接因素．文中以等离子熔射ZrO2粉末为例．利用CCD技术和双比色原理．对粒子飞行特性进行在线检测．采用正交实验方式，研究氩气流量、氢气流量和工作电流对粉末粒子的温度、速度的影响规律．结果表明，氩气和氢气的流量分别是影响粒子速度、粒子温度的主要因素，而电流变化对粒子温度、速度也有一定影响．     

在电子冷却存在情况下HIRFL-CSR上观测到的束流不稳定现象

本文描述了冷却储存环运行过程中得到的一些Schottky信号和束流位置探测器上的信号,这些信号与束流的不稳定性有一定的关系,有些是由于硬件引起的,有些是束流本身产生的,分别给出了注入时、冷却后和冷却力测量过程中离子束中心频率随时间的变化,分析了产生这些现象的原因,尝试寻找解决的方法,以期提高束流的稳定性,为下一步Schottky质量测量实验做准备.     

Low-frequency sea level variation and its correlation with climate events in the Pacific

Global mean sea level(GMSL) has not only significant secular trend and seasonal variations,but also inter-annual and decadal variations.This paper reconstructs the time series of GMSL variations between 1948 and 2007 by combining satellite altimeter measurements and tide gauge observations.Based on the time series,the acceleration of GMSL rise in the second half of 20th century is estimated to be 0.010±0.009 mm/a 2,and multi-scale low frequency sea level oscillations including decadal variations are detected,and the high-rate of GMSL rise during 1993-2003 is locate in the ascending phase of low frequency oscillation.Then,using the reconstructed GMSL time series after removing the secular trend from satellite altimetry and tide gauges measurements,it shows that low frequency signal of sea level variation has strong correlations with the index of El Ni o/Southern Oscillation(ENSO) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO).But in several time periods,they have large difference due to effects of both high frequency occurrence of El Ni o and La Ni a phenomenon and short term switch of PDO events.     

几种常见信号波形的逆变换计算(Ⅱ)奇偶对称三角波与锯齿波和整流余弦波的逆变换

应用Mobius变换．对5种常用数字信号的傅里叶级数进行逆变换运算,得到正、余弦函数．以及一般周期信号对信号的展开．求得在这些非正交信号基函数上的展开系数,以及与展开基函数族相正交的非正交函数族．     

Reply to: Parker A. Comment on “Low-frequency sea level variation and its correlation with climate events in the Pacific”

First, we would like to thank Parker for his discussion and comments on our work. Parker’s main concern [1] is that the sea level is oscillating with important multi-decadal periodicities but absolutely not positively accelerating. He also argued that the global mean sea level (GMSL) acceleration computed by Jin et al. [2] seemed too large. His similar     

Clustered DNA damage induced by protons radiation in plasmid DNA

Clustered DNA damage is considered as a critical type of lesions induced by ionizing radiation, which can be converted into the fatal or strong mutagenic complex double strand breaks (DSBs) during damage processing in the cells. The new data show that high energy protons produce more potentially lethal DSBs than low LET radiation. In this study, plasmid DNA were used to in-vestigate and re-evaluate the biological effects induced by the protons with the LET of ～3.6 keV/μm at the molecular level in vitro, including single strand breaks (SSBs), DSBs, isolated and clustered base damages. The results of complex DNA damage detections indicated that protons at the given LET value induce about 1.6 fold more non-DSB clustered DNA damages than the prompt DSB. The DNA damage yields by protons were greater than that by γ-rays, specifically by 6 fold for the isolated type of DNA damage and 14 fold for the clustered damage. Furthermore, the spectrum of damages was also demonstrated to be depended on the radiation quality, with protons producing more DSBs relative to clusters than do γ-rays.     

基于PID控制策略的汽车电动助力转向系统

电动助力控制是电动助力转向的基本控制策略，并决定电动助力的特性。EPS的控制系统主要由控制器、传感器及信号处理电路、助力电机及驱动电路等组成，讨论了电动助力控制的一般过程、电动机目标电流的控制策略等问题。台架实验表明，提出的控制策略是有效的。