A user designer-based systems methodology

This paper develops the argument that in organizational redesign it is desirable to utilize user-designers as the architects for the redesign. A methodology is developed which emphasizes the use of ideal systems models by user-designers to plan for the organization's future. The methodology involves the creation of an ideal system model, then an analysis of the present system through the creation of root definitions and process models of the existing system. Then root definitions and process models for the idealized system are created. Finally, the two are compared and desirable changes are generated which bring the existing system toward the idealized.     

Cytological detection of mutagen-carcinogen exposure by sister chromatid exchange.

A staining technique that detects sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) has been used to examine the response of chromosomes in cultured Chinese hamster cells to a wide variety of mutagens-carcinogens. The test gives a very sensitive and rapid method for detecting chromosome mutagenicity of chemical agents and provides a powerful new method for detecting environmental mutagens.     

上升有序加权欧氏平均算子及其在决策中的应用

提出了一种上升有序加权欧氏平均 (AOWEA)算子 ,详细研究了它的一些优良性质 ,如 :单调性、置换不变性等 .给出了一种基于AOWEA算子的多属性决策方法 .最后通过实例说明了该方法的可行性和有效性 .     

卡诺图法化简异或逻辑函数

探讨了卡诺图化简异或逻辑函数的原理，提出了化简异或逻辑函数的新方法。     

城市化进程中上海植被的多样性、空间格局和动态响应(Ⅰ):上海佘山地区残存自然植被种子植物区系及其50年的动态变化特征

通过对上海余山地区残存自然植被的区系分析,研究了城市化与片断化过程中自然植物种类的变化特征.利用样线法对十座山体进行调查,共记录野生种子植物85科235属350种,地理成分分布类型上共划分为13个分布区类型和10个变型.研究发现:佘山地区山体物种数与面积之间存在显著相关;作为天目山的余脉,佘山地区植物区系与天目山植物区系存在有极强的近缘关系;相比于1950年代的植物名录,佘山地区有178种自然种子植物未被发现,以多年生草本为主.     

马衔山两种不同生境沙棘根际微生物研究

在沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides)萌动早期,选取甘肃马衔山地区两种典型的生境,进行了沙棘根际微生物的分离、测数,并根据菌株形态、培养特征和生理生化特性等,对根际细菌、放线菌和真菌进行了初步鉴定.从两样地共得到细菌菌株47株,分属于12个属;放线菌菌株31株,分属于3个属;真菌菌株20株,分属于4个属.同一地区不同生境沙棘根际土壤中,林缘河滩沙棘灌丛沙棘根际土壤中微生物的总数以及细菌、放线菌和真菌数量均高于阳坡干旱草地;不同生境沙棘根际土壤中微生物种类组成也存在一定差异.     

A PPARγ-FGF1 axis is required for adaptive adipose remodelling and metabolic homeostasis

Although feast and famine cycles illustrate that remodelling of adipose tissue in response to fluctuations in nutrient availability is essential for maintaining metabolic homeostasis, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we identify fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) as a critical transducer in this process in mice, and link its regulation to the nuclear receptor PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ), which is the adipocyte master regulator and the target of the thiazolidinedione class of insulin sensitizing drugs. FGF1 is the prototype of the 22-member FGF family of proteins and has been implicated in a range of physiological processes, including development, wound healing and cardiovascular changes. Surprisingly, FGF1 knockout mice display no significant phenotype under standard laboratory conditions. We show that FGF1 is highly induced in adipose tissue in response to a high-fat diet and that mice lacking FGF1 develop an aggressive diabetic phenotype coupled to aberrant adipose expansion when challenged with a high-fat diet. Further analysis of adipose depots in FGF1-deficient mice revealed multiple histopathologies in the vasculature network, an accentuated inflammatory response, aberrant adipocyte size distribution and ectopic expression of pancreatic lipases. On withdrawal of the high-fat diet, this inflamed adipose tissue fails to properly resolve, resulting in extensive fat necrosis. In terms of mechanisms, we show that adipose induction of FGF1 in the fed state is regulated by PPARγ acting through an evolutionarily conserved promoter proximal PPAR response element within the FGF1 gene. The discovery of a phenotype for the FGF1 knockout mouse establishes the PPARγ–FGF1 axis as critical for maintaining metabolic homeostasis and insulin sensitization.     

弹性球体在冲击载荷下的应力波传播

给出了弹性球体在冲击载荷下应力波传播的解析解。该解法是利用特征函数展开法，将动力学的一般解分解为满足非齐次边界条件的准静态解和仅满足齐次边界条件的自由振动解，其中准静态解满足欧拉方程，而自由振动解满足贝塞尔(Bessel)方程。利用分离变量法，贝塞尔(Bessel)方程的解是一个由球贝塞尔函数构成的级数形式解，然后将此解和准静态解叠加，可得弹性动力学问题的解。与特征线法，积分变换法，广义射线法相比具有物理意义更加明确，数学解法更加简明的优点，同时这一解法可以推广到任意载荷下，各向同性弹性动力学中的一般球对称问题。     

基于公交视角的兰州市城市交通发展策略

从城市路网结构、机动车保有量、跨河交通以及市政工程等方面对交通发展的约束进行了讨论.在此基础上,进一步从线路长度、非直线系数、线网密度、首末站点设置等方面进行了系统分析,认为兰州市公交主要存在公交线路普遍偏长、线路非直线系数过大、线网密度差异大、首末站设置不均衡等问题.据此提出了优化路网结构、发展大容量公共交通、合理规划站点、积极开发水上交通、不断提升管理水平等措施,以期对兰州城市交通的持续健康协调发展和国内其他带状河谷城市发展交通提供决策参考.