Structural rearrangements in the membrane penetration protein of a non-enveloped virus

Non-enveloped virus particles (those that lack a lipid-bilayer membrane) must breach the membrane of a target host cell to gain access to its cytoplasm. So far, the molecular mechanism of this membrane penetration step has resisted structural analysis. The spike protein VP4 is a principal component in the entry apparatus of rotavirus, a non-enveloped virus that causes gastroenteritis and kills 440,000 children each year. Trypsin cleavage of VP4 primes the virus for entry by triggering a rearrangement that rigidifies the VP4 spikes. We have determined the crystal structure, at 3.2 A resolution, of the main part of VP4 that projects from the virion. The crystal structure reveals a coiled-coil stabilized trimer. Comparison of this structure with the two-fold clustered VP4 spikes in a approximately 12 A resolution image reconstruction from electron cryomicroscopy of trypsin-primed virions shows that VP4 also undergoes a second rearrangement, in which the oligomer reorganizes and each subunit folds back on itself, translocating a potential membrane-interaction peptide from one end of the spike to the other. This rearrangement resembles the conformational transitions of membrane fusion proteins of enveloped viruses.     

Computer-Aided Detection System on Tangled Roller

Introduction Intheposttreatmentofchoppedfibreproduction,the thirddraftingrollerandtensionheat settingrolleroftenwere tangledbybrokentowforthereasonofhighspeed,hightemperatureofrollersurface,orotheradditionalforeign factors.While,thetworollerswerekeysegmentinthewhole technology.Itwouldleadtooneormoredrumcavedin,and eventobediscardediftheequipmenthadnotbeenstoppedintime.Usually,suchaccidentwouldbringgreatloss,what wouldnotbegotback.Sothetotalsetofequipmentrequiredthatdetectormusthavegoodperfo…     

计算机辅助鉴定技术在海洋浮游植物分类鉴定中的应用

本文对计算机辅助鉴定技术在海洋浮游植物分类鉴定中的应用进行了探讨,总结了不同技术的特点,并在总结计算机辅助鉴定技术在海洋浮游植物分类鉴定方面应用现状的基础上,对其发展前景做出了展望。