废弃羽毛资源化利用研究进展

综述了废弃羽毛资源化利用的方式和途径,对微波法促进废羽毛制备氨基酸及资源化利用进行了展望.指出了改善即时控制,加强微波化学反应及机理的研究,并继续羽毛水解后固体废物的资源化利用是其主要研究发展方向.     

原子核电四极矩跃迁强度新经验公式

通过分析8≤Z≤100偶偶原子核电四极矩跃迁强度B(E2:0+→2+)与2+态激发能E(2+)实验数据,提出了原子核电四极矩跃迁强度新经验公式B(E2:0+→2+)=33.65Z2 A-0.71 E-1(2+).     

预应力T梁产生裂纹的原因及处理

分析了京大高速公路工程预应力砼T梁在冬季施工中产生裂纹的原因，指出通过修改部分钢筋设计，将抽拔管改为波纹管，以及加强各工序规范施工即可避免裂纹的产生，同时对已有裂纹的处理办法进行了探讨。     

A gigantic feathered dinosaur from the lower cretaceous of China

Numerous feathered dinosaur specimens have recently been recovered from the Middle-Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous deposits of northeastern China, but most of them represent small animals. Here we report the discovery of a gigantic new basal tyrannosauroid, Yutyrannus huali gen. et sp. nov., based on three nearly complete skeletons representing two distinct ontogenetic stages from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Liaoning Province, China. Y. huali shares some features, particularly of the cranium, with derived tyrannosauroids, but is similar to other basal tyrannosauroids in possessing a three-fingered manus and a typical theropod pes. Morphometric analysis suggests that Y. huali differed from tyrannosaurids in its growth strategy. Most significantly, Y. huali bears long filamentous feathers, thus providing direct evidence for the presence of extensively feathered gigantic dinosaurs and offering new insights into early feather evolution.     

A bizarre Jurassic maniraptoran from China with elongate ribbon-like feathers

Recent coelurosaurian discoveries have greatly enriched our knowledge of the transition from dinosaurs to birds, but all reported taxa close to this transition are from relatively well known coelurosaurian groups. Here we report a new basal avialan, Epidexipteryx hui gen. et sp. nov., from the Middle to Late Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China. This new species is characterized by an unexpected combination of characters seen in several different theropod groups, particularly the Oviraptorosauria. Phylogenetic analysis shows it to be the sister taxon to Epidendrosaurus, forming a new clade at the base of Avialae. Epidexipteryx also possesses two pairs of elongate ribbon-like tail feathers, and its limbs lack contour feathers for flight. This finding shows that a member of the avialan lineage experimented with integumentary ornamentation as early as the Middle to Late Jurassic, and provides further evidence relating to this aspect of the transition from non-avian theropods to birds.     

DLG生成和编辑中有关问题的探讨

简述了几种数字线划图(DLG)的获取途径和方法，并对各种方案的优劣进行了简单比较．着重介绍了利用全数字摄影测量系统生成DLG，并转换、编辑建库的一整套方法。     

A new feathered maniraptoran dinosaur fossil that fills a morphological gap in avian origin

Recent fossil discoveries have substantially reduced the morphological gap between non-avian and avian dinosaurs, yet avians including Archaeopteryx differ from non-avian theropods in their limb proportions. In particular, avians have proportionally longer and more robust forelimbs that are capable of supporting a large aerodynamic surface. Here we report on a new maniraptoran dinosaur, Anchiornis huxleyi gen. et sp. nov., based on a specimen collected from lacustrine deposits of uncertain age in western Liaoning, China. With an estimated mass of 110 grams, Anchiornis is the smallest known non-avian theropod dinosaur. It exhibits some wrist features indicative of high mobility, presaging the wing-folding mechanisms seen in more derived birds and suggesting rapid evolution of the carpus. Otherwise, Anchiornis is intermediate in general morphology between non-avian and avian dinosaurs, particularly with regard to relative forelimb length and thickness, and represents a transitional step toward the avian condition. In contrast with some recent comprehensive phylogenetic analyses, our phylogenetic analysis incorporates subtle morphological variations and recovers a conventional result supporting the monophyly of Avialae. Supported by Hundred Talents Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40125006, 40472018), and National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2006CB806400)     

Structural signature of jamming in granular media

Glasses are rigid, but flow when the temperature is increased. Similarly, granular materials are rigid, but become unjammed and flow if sufficient shear stress is applied. The rigid and flowing phases are strikingly different, yet measurements reveal that the structures of glass and liquid are virtually indistinguishable. It is therefore natural to ask whether there is a structural signature of the jammed granular state that distinguishes it from its flowing counterpart. Here we find evidence for such a signature, by measuring the contact-force distribution between particles during shearing. Because the forces are sensitive to minute variations in particle position, the distribution of forces can serve as a microscope with which to observe correlations in the positions of nearest neighbours. We find a qualitative change in the force distribution at the onset of jamming. If, as has been proposed, the jamming and glass transitions are related, our observation of a structural signature associated with jamming hints at the existence of a similar structural difference at the glass transition--presumably too subtle for conventional scattering techniques to uncover. Our measurements also provide a determination of a granular temperature that is the counterpart in granular systems to the glass-transition temperature in liquids.     

TGF—β1和HSP70在大鼠肝癌早期诊断中的价值探讨

目的：通过动态检测大鼠肝癌模型造模各阶段血清中TGF—β1和HSP70水平并与传统指标AFP比较,对其在肝癌早期诊断中的价值做综合的评价。方法：用CCL4诱导大鼠肝硬化基础上的肝癌模型。从造模第6周起,每两周心脏采血一次,ELISA法检测大鼠血清中TGF-β1、HSP70和AFP水平,并取部分肝组织行病理学检查。结果：造模第8周发生肝硬化,第10周发生不典型增生及早期肝癌结节。造模第10周TGF-β1和HSP70水平即显著升高,TGF-β1在肝硬化阶段无显著升高,而HSP70则略微有升高,二者特异性分别为90％和60％,阳性率分别为55％和70％,联合检测的阳性率为80％,造模第12周的阳性率分别达85％和90％,联合检测阳性率达100％;AFP水平在造模第12周才有显著升高,肝硬化阶段也有升高并与早期肝癌无显著性差异。其阳性率和特异性分别为60％和30％。结论：传统指标AFP对极早期的肝癌不敏感,特异性不高,而TGF-β1和HSP70均较AFP敏感、特异,二者联合可提高检测敏感性。