A Dynamic Forecasting System with Applications in Production Logistics

Production logistics involve the co-ordination of ac tivities such as production and materials control (PMC), inventory management, p roduct life cycle management, etc. Those activities demand for an accurate forec asting model. However, the conventional methods of making sell and buy decision based on human forecast or conventional moving average and exponential smoothing methods is no longer be sufficient to meet the future need. Furthermore, the un derlying statistics of the market information change ...     

求解多目标作业排序问题的遗传算法

利用联合进化遗传算法 ( CEGA)建立了求解多目标排序问题的一般框架 ,采用目标权衡分析诱导出决策人的偏好关系 ,并将其引入求解过程 ,以确定满意排序 ,在搜索寻优过程中 ,将启发式与遗传算法相结合 ,以提高搜索效率 .最后 ,利用该算法框架求解了一个含调整时间的一般 Job Shop排序问题 ,以表明算法的有效性.     

Which authorities are alike?

This article describes the first results from the recent revision to The ONS classification of local and health authorities of Great Britain to allow for boundary changes. For each local and health authority of Great Britain as at April 1999 it presents 'most similar' authorities as measured by a selection of 37 socioeconomic and demographic variables from the 1991 Census. These results will assist local and health authorities in identifying other appropriate authorities for comparative studies. A second article, to be published in Population Trends 99, will present the results of the analysis to identify groups of authorities in a hierarchy of new Clusters, Groups and Families for the revised classification.     

两种群体平衡模型在大规模多粒径泡状流中的应用研究

为了研究大规模多粒径泡状流流动特性,考虑到气泡聚并、破裂等微观机制现象对气泡尺寸、数密度等宏观参量的影响,分别采用两种基于群体平衡方程的数学模型———群数密度传递(BNDT)模型与多气泡组质量传递(MUSIG)模型,对具有聚并主导趋势特征的多粒径气液泡状流实验MTLOOP进行数值模拟,并与实验进行了对比研究,结果发现:两种群体平衡模型均可以较准确地捕捉到多粒径泡状流中气泡尺寸变化趋势以及含气率分布特征转换,且预测精度相当;与MUSIG模型相比,BNDT模型计算时间节省了1/20～1/10,因此更适用于火箭工程中大型气液泡状流的工程预测.     

从人类学角度透视旅游业——以香港为例

本文以香港为例，对文化旅游业研究进行了回顾，对其代表性景点的文化和历史建构进行了审视，试图以此探讨香港政府与原住民间的冲突，归纳总结了诸如权力关系、民族认同、传统文化以及社会变迁及文化的意义的重要性，从人类学的角度透视了香港旅游业的发展     

A primitive Y chromosome in papaya marks incipient sex chromosome evolution

Many diverse systems for sex determination have evolved in plants and animals. One involves physically distinct (heteromorphic) sex chromosomes (X and Y, or Z and W) that are homozygous in one sex (usually female) and heterozygous in the other (usually male). Sex chromosome evolution is thought to involve suppression of recombination around the sex determination genes, rendering permanently heterozygous a chromosomal region that may then accumulate deleterious recessive mutations by Muller's ratchet, and fix deleterious mutations by hitchhiking as nearby favourable mutations are selected on the Y chromosome. Over time, these processes may cause the Y chromosome to degenerate and to diverge from the X chromosome over much of its length; for example, only 5% of the human Y chromosome still shows X-Y recombination. Here we show that papaya contains a primitive Y chromosome, with a male-specific region that accounts for only about 10% of the chromosome but has undergone severe recombination suppression and DNA sequence degeneration. This finding provides direct evidence for the origin of sex chromosomes from autosomes.     

Fiber Migration and Distribution of Twist at Different Radial Positions of Rotor Yarn-by Hi-Scope Video Microscope System

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