河成石灰华成因──掺气效应研究

本文通过对有大量碳酸钙沉积河段的水质分析、野外观测，发现河水流动过程中将空气带入水中形成大量气泡，引起水体物化方面的迅速变化，包括碳酸钙大量沉积，笔者称之为掺气效应。通过野外实验，对掺气效应及掺气效应中水体物化变化和碳酸钙沉积速度进行了论证和研究，在此基础上提出：掺气效应是河流中碳酸钙大量集中沉积的一个主要因素。     

Active site of praseodymium orthovanadate catalyst in oxidative dehydrogenation of propane

The pure phase of praseodymium orthovanadate (PrVO₄) has been prepared by the citrate method. The active site of Pr-VO₄ was studied by ESR, NO-TPD, O₂-TPD and¹⁸O₂-isotope exchange methods. The results of ESR and NO-TPD confirmed the presence of V⁴⁺ in the catalyst.¹⁸O₂-isotope exchange was through a single exchange procedure. From the result of O₂ + TPD and the kinetic study of¹⁸O₂-isotope exchange, one can reach a conclusion that the V⁴⁺ species associated with oxygen vacancies are the site for O₂ activation. The adsorbed O₂ or O⁻ are the active oxygen species in propane oxidative dehydrogenation.     

The effect of D-6-methyl-8-[β-isopropylaminoethyl] ergoline-I on the lactation in nursing rats

D-6-Methyl-8-[-isopropylaminoethyl] ergoline-I [VÚFB-10726], beginning from the dose of 0.05 mg/kg p.o., suppresses lactation through the inhibition of prolactin secretion in nursing rats.     

Activation of the AXL kinase causes resistance to EGFR-targeted therapy in lung cancer

Human non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) with activating mutations in EGFR frequently respond to treatment with EGFR-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as erlotinib, but responses are not durable, as tumors acquire resistance. Secondary mutations in EGFR (such as T790M) or upregulation of the MET kinase are found in over 50% of resistant tumors. Here, we report increased activation of AXL and evidence for epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in multiple in vitro and in vivo EGFR-mutant lung cancer models with acquired resistance to erlotinib in the absence of the EGFR p.Thr790Met alteration or MET activation. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of AXL restored sensitivity to erlotinib in these tumor models. Increased expression of AXL and, in some cases, of its ligand GAS6 was found in EGFR-mutant lung cancers obtained from individuals with acquired resistance to TKIs. These data identify AXL as a promising therapeutic target whose inhibition could prevent or overcome acquired resistance to EGFR TKIs in individuals with EGFR-mutant lung cancer.     

用光电子能谱研究金属锰、镁表面与甲醇、乙醇反应

用XPS和UPS法研究金属Mn、Mg表面与CH_3OH、C_2H_5OH的反应,室温下,ROH(R=CH_3,C_2H_5)以RO~-的形态吸附在Mg表面,Mn表面有较高的活性,ROH除以RO~-的形态被吸附外,部分还分解为O~(2-)和脱附的碳氢化合物,加热至600K时,Mn表面RO~-完全分解为O~(2-)和R,后者与表面氢结合后脱附,部分C_2H_5O~-中的碳成无定形碳并在～675K加氢脱附,ROH在氧化锰表面除以RO~-的形态被吸附外,在高于650K时还产生CH_2O_(a)、C_2H_4O_(a)等,这些物种在700K依然存在,氧化使锰表面断裂R—O和C—C键的活性降低而其脱氢活性仍然存在。     

Tissue engineering: creation of long-lasting blood vessels

The construction of stable blood vessels is a fundamental challenge for tissue engineering in regenerative medicine. Although certain genes can be introduced into vascular cells to enhance their survival and proliferation, these manipulations may be oncogenic. We show here that a network of long-lasting blood vessels can be formed in mice by co-implantation of vascular endothelial cells and mesenchymal precursor cells, by-passing the need for risky genetic manipulations. These networks are stable and functional for one year in vivo.     

Automatic gain control in the echolocation system of dolphins

In bats and technological sonars, the gain of the receiver is progressively increased with time after the transmission of a signal to compensate for acoustic propagation loss. The current understanding of dolphin echolocation indicates that automatic gain control is not a part of their sonar system. In order to test this understanding, we have performed field measurements of free-ranging echolocating dolphins. Here we show that dolphins do possess an automatic gain control mechanism, but that it is implemented in the transmission phase rather than the receiving phase of a sonar cycle. We find that the amplitude of the dolphins' echolocation signals are highly range dependent; this amplitude increases with increasing target range, R, in a 20 log(R) fashion to compensate for propagation loss. If the echolocation target is a fish school with many sound scatterers, the echoes from the school will remain nearly constant with range as the dolphin closes in on it. This characteristic has the same effect as time-varying gain in bats and technological sonar when considered from a sonar system perspective.     

基于分级遗传算法的结构损伤识别方法

提出了一种基于遗传算法的利用不完整振动数据识别结构损伤的新方法，该方法首先扩展不完整的振型并利用单元能量熵差比确定结构损伤的大致位置，然后采用二级搜索策略，借助遗传算法确定结构损伤的程度，数值计算结果表明，当可能的损伤区域较大时，本方法较直接搜索策略更能有效地确定结构损伤的程度。     

Detection of Design Fault in Dart Placement - intersecting Dart

It is easy to apply lines in design drawings to create different styles, however, there is no guarantee that all the style lines drawn are able to be manufactured. In this paper, we focus on one undeliverable style to enhance our understanding of the relationship between the design sketch and the pattern design process. In order to evidence that such style is unworkable, a systematic display of pattern development, and to be reinforced by mathematical evaluation, will be introduced and addressed. When one can easily detect design fault, waste of product development time can be minimized.