Nanostructured TiO2（B）:the effect of size and shape on anode properties for Li-ion batteries

Reducing the dimensions of electrode materials from the micron to the nanoscale can have a profound influence on their properties and hence on the performance of electrochemical devices,e.g.Li-ion batteries,that employ such electrodes.TiO2(B) has received growing interest as a possible anode for Li-ion batteries in recent years.It offers the possibility of higher energy storage compared with the commercialized Li4Ti5O12.Bulk,nanowire,nanotube,and nanoparticle morphologies have been prepared and studied.However,to date these materials have not be compared in one article.In the current review we first summarize the different synthesis methods for the preparation of nanostructured TiO2(B);then present the effects of size and shape on the electrochemical properties.Finally TiO2(B) with nanometer dimensions exhibit a higher capacity to store Li,regardless of rate,due to structural distortions inherent at the nanoscale.     

[Bu4N]28[(PW11O39FeⅢ)6FeⅡ(CN)6]·13H2O的合成,表征及磁性研究

在Na4PW11O39Fe(Ⅲ)(H2O)·11H2O,K4Fe(CN)6和Bu4NBr的混合水溶液中,合成了一个新的类普鲁士蓝杂多化合物[Bu4N]28[(PW11O39FeⅢ)6FeⅡ(CN)6]·13H2O,并通过元素分析、差热-热重、红外光谱、紫外光谱等分析手段对其进行了表征.分析结果表明,在该化合物中,PW11O39FeⅢ(H<,2O)4-的配位水分子被氰基取代,形成以FeⅡ为中心的类似于普鲁士蓝的八面体结构单元FeⅡ-[CN-FeⅢPW11O39]6-磁性研究表明,该化合物为反铁磁性物质,在3.44K以上,其表现为铁磁性,磁化率随温度的下降而升高,居里常数为4.469 cm3Kmol-1外斯常数为-0.05(3)K,g因子为2.02.在3.44K以下,其表现为反铁磁性.磁性随温度的下降而降低.     

多功能表面粗糙度动态测试系统

本文运用现代时间序列理论,研制出一种微机自动控制的多功能、多参数测量系统。该系统可同时测出25个粗糙度参数。轮廓算术平均偏差的测量不确定度为±0.015μm(置信概率为99.73％),双通道数据采集系统的相对误差为—0.2％。可同时进行16个通道的信号采集,分辨率为12位。本文还运用时序理论中的最新方法,对8种加工表面进行了建模试验,为表面粗糙度动态特性及三维统计特性分析提出4个评定参数。     

Increasing the conductivity of crystalline polymer electrolytes

Polymer electrolytes consist of salts dissolved in polymers (for example, polyethylene oxide, PEO), and represent a unique class of solid coordination compounds. They have potential applications in a diverse range of all-solid-state devices, such as rechargeable lithium batteries, flexible electrochromic displays and smart windows. For 30 years, attention was focused on amorphous polymer electrolytes in the belief that crystalline polymer:salt complexes were insulators. This view has been overturned recently by demonstrating ionic conductivity in the crystalline complexes PEO6:LiXF6 (X = P, As, Sb); however, the conductivities were relatively low. Here we demonstrate an increase of 1.5 orders of magnitude in the conductivity of these materials by replacing a small proportion of the XF6- anions in the crystal structure with isovalent N(SO2CF3)2- ions. We suggest that the larger and more irregularly shaped anions disrupt the potential around the Li+ ions, thus enhancing the ionic conductivity in a manner somewhat analogous to the AgBr(1-x)I(x) ionic conductors. The demonstration that doping strategies can enhance the conductivity of crystalline polymer electrolytes represents a significant advance towards the technological exploitation of such materials.     

油田注水系统生产过程仿真软件ISPPS

介绍了油田注水系统生产过程仿真软件ＩＳＰＰＳ的设计和实现。以系统基本水力元件数学模型为基础,应用节点方程模型建立了系统数学模型。提出系统模型简化策略,极大提高了系统仿真计算速度。该软件目前已应用于大庆杏北油田注水系统,效果显著。     

桥梁拉索表面缺陷无损检测系统设计

针对国内外对桥梁拉索表面缺陷检测方法的不足,提出了以高速数字信号处理器芯片DM642为核心的桥梁拉索表面缺陷无损检测系统设计方法,并搭建了检测系统硬件平台。检测系统主要包括缺陷图像高速数据采集单元、DM642硬件平台、爬行移动机构和缺陷定位装置。结合数字图像处理算法,在实验平台上对系统设计进行了现场实验验证,大量试验证明该系统具有工作稳定可靠、实时性好、海量存储和无损检测等优点。设计的检测系统技术先进,对目前的桥梁拉索健康检测具有重要的现实意义和实用价值,而且该方法具有较好的通用性,可以推广应用到其它相关的检测领域。     

Exome sequencing of extreme phenotypes identifies DCTN4 as a modifier of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis

Exome sequencing has become a powerful and effective strategy for the discovery of genes underlying Mendelian disorders. However, use of exome sequencing to identify variants associated with complex traits has been more challenging, partly because the sample sizes needed for adequate power may be very large. One strategy to increase efficiency is to sequence individuals who are at both ends of a phenotype distribution (those with extreme phenotypes). Because the frequency of alleles that contribute to the trait are enriched in one or both phenotype extremes, a modest sample size can potentially be used to identify novel candidate genes and/or alleles. As part of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Exome Sequencing Project (ESP), we used an extreme phenotype study design to discover that variants in DCTN4, encoding a dynactin protein, are associated with time to first P. aeruginosa airway infection, chronic P. aeruginosa infection and mucoid P. aeruginosa in individuals with cystic fibrosis.     

Gate-tuning of graphene plasmons revealed by infrared nano-imaging

Surface plasmons are collective oscillations of electrons in metals or semiconductors that enable confinement and control of electromagnetic energy at subwavelength scales. Rapid progress in plasmonics has largely relied on advances in device nano-fabrication, whereas less attention has been paid to the tunable properties of plasmonic media. One such medium--graphene--is amenable to convenient tuning of its electronic and optical properties by varying the applied voltage. Here, using infrared nano-imaging, we show that common graphene/SiO(2)/Si back-gated structures support propagating surface plasmons. The wavelength of graphene plasmons is of the order of 200 nanometres at technologically relevant infrared frequencies, and they can propagate several times this distance. We have succeeded in altering both the amplitude and the wavelength of these plasmons by varying the gate voltage. Using plasmon interferometry, we investigated losses in graphene by exploring real-space profiles of plasmon standing waves formed between the tip of our nano-probe and the edges of the samples. Plasmon dissipation quantified through this analysis is linked to the exotic electrodynamics of graphene. Standard plasmonic figures of merit of our tunable graphene devices surpass those of common metal-based structures.     

基于时域有限差分法研究含时受迫谐振子相干态问题

基于时域有限差分法研究了在不同外加电场中的谐振子相干态问题,包括恒值电场和余弦电场中的谐振子相干态,讨论了外场的变化对相干态的影响,得到了一些有意义的结果.