丙酮精制工段的过程模拟研究

以丙酮精制工段为研究对象,采用DSO流程模拟平台对该工段进行模拟计算。在现有装置的基础上,分别考察了粗丙酮塔回流比、采出量、精丙酮塔回流比、塔顶采出量、侧线采出量和采出位置等参数对分离效果的影响。结果表明:对于处理量为19100 kg/h的待分离物料,粗丙酮塔回流比为2.0、塔顶采出量为7320 kg/h、精丙酮塔回流比为2.2、塔顶馏出量为16235 kg/h、侧线采出为5974.5 kg/h、采出位置在第2块板时,可以使塔釜中几乎不含丙酮,且采出丙酮纯度达到99.81%。比较工厂实际生产值和模拟值,确定了较优的操作条件,提出了将粗丙酮塔塔顶物流预热进料物流的节能措施,可节省水蒸气(0.4 MPa)3.99 t/h、冷却水130.3 t/h。     

Trend in the atmospheric heat source over the central and eastern Tibetan Plateau during recent decades: Comparison of observations and reanalysis data

The trend in the atmospheric heat source over the central and eastern Tibetan Plateau (CE-TP) is quantitatively estimated using historical observations at 71 meteorological stations, three reanalysis datasets from 1980-2008, and two satellite radiation datasets from 1984-2007. Results show that a weakening of sensible heat (SH) flux over the CE-TP continues. The most significant trend occurs in spring, induced mainly by decelerated surface wind speeds. The ground-air temperature difference shows a notable increasing trend over the last 5 years. Trends in net radiation flux of the atmospheric column over the CE-TP, evaluated by two satellite radiation datasets, are clearly different. Trends in the atmospheric heat source calculated by the three reanalysis datasets are not completely consistent, and even show opposite signals. Results from the two datasets both show a weakening of the heat source but the magnitude of one is significantly stronger, whereas an increase is indicated by the other data. Therefore, it is challenging to accurately calculate the trend in the atmospheric heat source over the CE-TP, particularly from the estimates of the reanalysis datasets.