Oxidative Treatment of Some Reactive Dyes by Fenton Reagent

Nine kinds of reactive dye solutions: Reactive K-2RL, H-E2R, X-6B1Y, HE-4G, X-3B, K-2R,H-E7B, X-4RN and S-F3B were treated by usingFenton reagent. While the concentration of dye is 400mg/L, the FeSO_4 dosage 100-180 mg/L, H_2O_2 240～540 mg/L, that is the stoichiometric numbers of Fe~(2+)and H_2O_2. are between 1: 9～1: 12, pH=3, reaction     

浸没式MBR处理洗浴废水

以规模3 m^3/d浸没式MBR中试设备进行了洗浴废水处理效果的实验研究.原水COD为53.5～341.0 mg/L, NH4-N为7.2～39.1 mg/L,LAS为1.2～5.8 mg/L,浊度为13～152 ntu;经膜生物反应器的处理后出水COD为8.2～23.5 mg/L,去除率为90.9%, NH4-N为0.2～13.5 mg/L,去除率为71.0%,LAS为0～0.2 mg/L,去除率在90%以上, 浊度为1～7 ntu,去除率92%.说明膜生物反应器处理洗浴废水能够取得良好的效果,尤其是进水有机物质量浓度变化较大的情况下,仍然保持好的去除效果.     

UV/H2O2降解酚类物质动力学研究

利用UV／H2O2系统对苯酚进行氧化降解,不同的苯酚初始浓度,浓度自然对数与时间呈良好线性关系,表明苯酚与UV／H2O2系统中羟自由基反应可以按假一级动力学进行处理,其表现反应速率为0．00219s^-1;pH值由3．2升高至10．95时,苯酚的反应速率由0．00241s^-1下降至0．00110s^-1,说明pH对反应的速率有一定的影响．当反应体系温度由20℃上升至40℃时,间甲酚、苯酚和4-氯酚的反应速率常数分别为0．00419s^-1和0．00582s^-1、0．00219s^-1和0．00473s^-1、0．00160s^-1和0．00459s^-1,表明反应速率均有较大提高,反应自由能分别为29．341、12．521和40．158kJ／mol,说明在常规水处理过程中,羟自由基与酚类物质之间的反应在室温下就可以很快完成．     

空气氧化对煤沥青性质及组成的影响

以溶剂萃取脱除原生喹啉不溶物(PQI)的低温煤沥青为原料,在常压下100~200℃范围内通过空气氧化对其进行改性,制备用于炭素材料生产的低QI浸渍剂沥青。主要研究了氧化温度、氧化时间、空气流量对沥青性质和族组成的影响规律。结果表明,随着氧化强度的增加,改质沥青的收率逐渐减少,而其软化点和结焦值则逐渐增加。特别注意到,在热氧化反应过程中,原料沥青中的甲苯可溶物(TS)仅转化为甲苯不溶-喹啉可溶物(TI-QS),而几乎未转化为喹啉不溶物(QI),且TI-QS含量随氧化深度的增加而增加。     

UV/H2O2/GAC去除自来水中有机物

利用UV/H2O2系统去除自来水中的有机微污染物质,所需H2O2投量高,水力停留时间长;与GAC单元连用,H2O2投量3mg/L,HRT为8～15min,处理效果与O3/GAC系统相当;研究还表明UV/H2O2系统促进GAC去除自来水中有机微污染物质中起主要的是羟自由基的强氧化作用.     

改性沸石用于人工湿地处理农村污水

目的 提高人工湿地基质材料处理农村生活污水中总磷、氨氮以及COD的处理效果,确定最佳工艺参数。方法 斜发沸石经氢氧化钠和三氯化铁处理得到复合改性沸石,作为吸附材料处理污水,研究改性方式、粒径大小、沸石投加量、pH值等因素对处理效果的影响,并探讨吸附机理。结果 复合改性沸石在投加量20 g/L、粒径0.2～0.4 mm、pH=7条件下,吸附反应平衡时,总磷去除率84.12%,氨氮的除率81.89%,COD去除率83.41%。复合改性沸石吸附过程更符合Langmuir等温吸附模型和准二级速率方程。结论 复合改性沸石作为基质材料应用于人工湿地处理农村生活污水有良好效果。     

Different Performances of H2O2 to Oxidise Aldicarb and Hexazinone in the Advanced Oxidation Process of Ozone/Hydrogen Peroxide

The degradations of hexazinone and aldicarb by direct ozonation combined an advanced oxidation process（ AOP） of O3/H2O2 were investigated in this study focusing on the oxidation mechanism by identifying the hydrogen peroxide consumption during the oxidation process of the two chemicals. The results showed that H2O2 could enhance the removal rate of the triazine herbicide hexazinone,and it was consumed along with the variation of removal rate in the light of different pH levels. The addition of H2O2 contributed little to the removal of the thiocarbamate herbicide aldicarb and H2O2 content kept constantly throughout the degradation process. Tert-butyl alcohol（ TBA） effectively scavenged the ·OH radical for hexazinone,but had no effect on the removal rate of aldicarb. Aldicarb removal was mainly attributed to direct ozonation molecule in both O3（ 97.00%） and O3/H2O2（ 96.76%）systems. Moreover,sole O3 could hardly oxidize hexazinone whereas·OH radicals contribute respective 74.70% and 97.50% of removal in O3 system and O3/H2O2 AOP. All of these findings suggest that the mechanism of ·OH radical generation and the chain reaction in O3/H2O2 AOP should be further discussed.     

Inactivation of Giardia by Ozone and Its Disinfect Mechanisms

This study was to investigate the effect of ozone(O3)inactivation on Giardia in water by the fluorescence staining method.In order to elucidate the dominant mechanisms of inactivation,cell surface or inner cell components damage were comparatively examined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Results suggested that O3had a stronger effect on inactivating capability.Firstly,when the concentration of O3was above 2.0 mg/L and the contact time was up to 5 min,it showed a significant inactivating effect.Secondly,the effect of turbidity on inactivation was also found to be significant in synthetic water;when turbidity increased,the inactivating effect decreased.Thirdly,the inactivating rates were improved with a temperature increase from 5 to 25℃,but decreased when the temperature were out of this range.The inactivating capability of O3was stronger under acidic conditions than alkalic conditions.Lastly,when the concentration of organic matter in the reactive system was increased,probably due to the competition between Giardia and organics on O3,the inactivating rate was decreased;in addition,the cellular morphology of Giardia varied with different contact times.At contact time of 30 s,cells were rotundity and sphericity;at 60 s they became folded,underwent emboly,and burst;and at 240 s,the cell membrane of Giardia shrinked and collapsed completely.     

NF和RO膜用于饮用水处理的研究

利用活性炭－膜技术，将高锰酸盐指数降至0．5mg/L左右，A254降至0．01以下，总有机碳质量浓度ρTOC降至700μg/L左右，对试验水质，ESNA1纳滤膜和ESPA2反渗透膜对电导率，总溶解固体和总碱度的去除率在70％左右，总硬度去除率在90％左右，二阶离子的去除率为90％以上，一价离子的去除率为70％左右；回收率加大，去除率略有升高，ESPA2膜去除无机离子的能力高于ESNA1；2种膜出水生物可同化有机碳值分别为60μg/L和47μg/L，生物稳定性较高。     

影响膜生物反应器同步硝化反硝化因素研究

通过控制膜生物反应器(MBR)中溶解氧(DO)浓度、碳氮比(C/N)、污泥浓度(MLSS)和水力停留时间(HRT)等摸索了实现同步硝化反硝化的工艺条件,同时对好氧反应器中实现同步硝化反硝化的机理进行了探讨.化学需氧量(COD)在250 mg/L左右,C/N为10～30∶1,MLSS为5 g/L,HRT为5.0 h,DO为0.6～0.8 mg/L时,总氮去除率达86.0%,取得了良好的总氮去除效果,表明由于好氧反应器中缺氧区的存在,控制好操作条件可以实现同步硝化反硝化.体系中氨氮、硝态氮浓度的变化与总氮去除的关系说明短程反硝化现象的存在,而且在实现同步硝化反硝化过程中发挥着重要的作用.