Thickness-related synchronous increase in strength and ductility of ultrafine-grained pure aluminum sheets

To explore the specimen size effect of mechanical behavior of ultrafine-grained (UFG) materials with different structures, UFG Al sheets processed by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) were selected as target materials and the dependency of tensile behavior on sheet thickness (t) was systematically investigated. The strength and ductility of ECAPed UFG Al sheets were improved synchronously as t increased from 0.2 to 0.7 mm, and then no apparent change occurred when t reached to 0.7 and 1.0 mm. The corresponding microstructure evolved from dislocation networks in equiaxed grains into the walls and subgrains and finally into the dominated cells in elongated grains or subgrains. Meanwhile, dense shear lines (SLs) and shear bands (SBs) were clearly observed and microvoids and cracks were initiated along SBs with the increase of t. These observations indicated that the plastic deformation of UFG Al sheets was jointly controlled by shear banding, dislocation sliding, and grain-boundary sliding. Furthermore, the propagation of SBs became difficult as t increased. Finally, the obtained results were discussed and compared with those of annealed UFG Al and UFG Cu.     

Synthesis and properties of SrFe12O19 obtained by solid waste recycling of oily cold rolling mill sludge

The aim of this study was to develop a new approach for the preparation of environmentally friendly, high-value products from oily cold rolling mill (CRM) sludge. Utilizing oily CRM sludge as a source of iron, strontium hexaferrite (SrFe₁₂O₁₉) powders were prepared by multi-step processes involving acid leaching, chemical conversion treatment, and synthesis by a citrate precursor. The influences of citric acid dosage and the pH of the sol system on the formation, crystallite size, and magnetic properties of the obtained SrFe₁₂O₁₉ powders were investigated. High saturation magnetization (74.8 mA·m2·g-1) and intrinsic coercivities (614.46 mT) were achieved for pH 7.0 of the sol system, for which the molar ratio of citric acid dosage to the total dosage of Fe3+ and Sr2+ was 1.5. This study presents a new approach to utilizing oily CRM sludge, and even refractory iron-containing solid waste.     

Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Application of Seismic Zonation Map of China

China is a country with high seismieity. It is very important for industry and structure to fortify against earthquakes. In this paper the outline of seismicity in China, the criteria for fortification against earthquakes and the contents of seismic zonation map of China are described. The contents of seismic safety evaluation for major construction projects, such as large dams, large bridges, long distance pipe lines for transporting oil and natural gas, nuclear plants, petrochemical enterprises and so on, are presented. Some geological disasters caused by destructive earthquake, such as earthquake-caused collapse and landslide, liquefaction of saturated soll and earthquake fault and so on, are also presented. Preventive countermeasures for these disasters are discussed.     

Effects of self evaluation on late ERP components

High-density event-related potentials (ERPs) were measured when participants were required to evaluate oneself, significant others (father and mother) and the most familiar public figures (Lei Feng and Jiang Qing) based on trait adjectives. There were three referential conditions and a non-referential control condition including self-evaluation (SE), significant other-evaluation (SOE), general other-evaluation (GOE), and semantic positivity-evaluation (SPE). The behavioral data showed that RTs to GOE condition were longer than the other three conditions. Scalp ERP analysis revealed that (1) SPE condition elicited a more negative N2 than SE condition, which was associated with inhibition of responses; (2) SE condition elicited a more positive P300 than SPE condition, which was an index of attention to self-relevant stimuli; (3) there was no difference on the amplitude and latency of P300 between SE and SOE conditions, which reflected that the concept of “self” included intimate others (e.g., father and mother) in Chinese culture.     

The Difference of the Pulmonary-Artery Pressure of the Migrants from Difference Elevation at the 4636 - 4907 m Altitude

Study Objective： To compare and analyze the changes of the pulmonary-artery pressure of the migrants coming from different elevation in the hypoxic environment of 4636 - 4907 m extreme altitude. To explore the susceptibility to hypoxic pulmonary-artery hypertension （PH） in the subjects from different altitude and profession. Methods： By using Color Doppler Ultmsonography （CDU）, measuring the pulmonary-artery pressure of 207 healthy men, who had continuously being lived and worked at the extreme altitude for more than six months, and then were divided into three groups according to their profession and the altitude of original living place. Results： There was a significant difference in the outcomes of pulmonary-artery pressure from the 3 groups. Conclusions： Altitude of original living place, labor intensity are some of factors that impact the pulmonary-artery pressure of the people who exposure to a hypoxic environment. The pulmonary- artery pressure of person without strenuously physical work experience was more sensitive to hypoxic surroundings than that of labor workers. It was not always the fact at an extreme altitude that the moderate altitude mountaineers were superior to other migrants from a lower altitude or plain. The higher PH was found in the groups of the moderate altitude mountaineers and labor workers. It is unlikely certain that one with PH would surfer from HAPE.     

Development of Full Automatic External Welding Machine for Annular Welds of Pipeline

To meet the demands of rapid development of pipeline constructions in China, a complete set of full automatic external welding machine for annular welds of pipeline and welding procedure have been developed thereof. The system has been applied in the “West-East Pipeline Project” and its performance is proven. With this welding machine the welding parameters can be either preset before or adjusted in real time during the welding process, which avoids the blemishes of same type domestic and international products. Thus it is best propitious to in-situ construction conditions and workers‘ technical level in China. In this article the development of mechanical and control systems of this product is introduced and typical welding procedure parameters are provided.     

Design and implementation of 2DOF spherical inverted pendulum

1.INTRODUCTION Theinvertedpendulumsystemisaclassicalbench markfortheeducationandresearchintheautomation andmechanicalengineeringfield.Manyeducatorsfo cusontheinvertedpendulumcontrolsystembecause theexperimentsexhibittheadvantageandvalidityof moderncontroltheoryveryintuitively.Researchers alsohopetoverifynewalgorithmsonthesystem. Thebasicobjectiveoftheinverted pendulumsystem iskeepingthebalanceofthependulumatthe‘invert ed’status[1～3].Wehavecomparedtheperformance ofthreemoderncontrolm…     

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON RETRO-REFLECTIVE COATED PAPER BASED ON MICROGLASS BEADS

INTRODUCTIONThe micro-glass bead[1-2] is a new kind of silicate material, with good properties of chemical stability, mechanical strength as well as electro-resistance. When its diameter is below 0.08mm and the reflective index is in the range of 1.9~2.1, retro-reflective characteristics can be achieved. When a beam of ray from any direction irradiates the surface of the micro-glass beads, it can be converged at the special reflective layer consisted of focuses of micro-glass beads, owing …     

Technical Breakthroughs in the Construction of TGP

1Introduction　TheThreeGorgesProject(TGP)isavitalbackboneprojectinthedevelopingandharnessingoftheYangtzeRiver.Asamulti purposehydro developmentprojectthatcanproducecomprehensivebenefitsmainlyinfloodcontrol,powergenerationandnavigationimprovement,TGPwillexertasignificantimpactonthenationalsocio economicdevelopmentofChinaafteritscompletion .Withthenormalpoollevel (NPL)at1 75m ,thereservoirhasatotalstoragecapacityof39 3billionm3 .Theprojectiscom posedofadam ,twopowerplantsandnavigationfacil…     

^210Pbex depth distribution in soil and calibration models for assessment of soil erosion rates from ^210Pbex measurements

Throughout the past decade, the potential for using nuclear weapon-produced 137Cs ( half-life 30.2 a) fallout to quantify soil erosion rates on both cultivated and uncul- tivated lands for medium-term timescales (≈ 40 a) has been successfully demonstrated in a wide range of envi- ronments in different regions of the world[1—6]. Because in difficulties of distinguishing Chernobyl-derived compo- nent from total 137Cs input in many parts of Europe, and in measuring low activity samples of…