萃取过程中的盐析效应

以磷酸三丁酯萃取富马酸和从盐酸溶液中苹取Sn~(4+),三烷基氧化磷革取苹果酸、琥珀酸,二丁基亚矾从天然磷矿的盐酸分解液中萃取盐酸和磷酸为例,进行了萃取过程盐析效应的研究。提出了盐析剂浓度对被萃物分配比或萃取率经验公式,并用文献中的数据对此经验公式进行了检验,计算值与实验值吻合较好。     

上消化道出血2 2 4 7例病因及相关因素分析

为探讨上消化道出血的病因分布规律及其与性别，年龄，季节等的关系，回顾性地统计分析了本院1982－1999年2247例上消化道出血患者的内镜检查资料。结果显示：2247例镜检有明确病因者1984例，占88．30％。主要病因依次为消化性溃疡（PU），急性胃粘膜病变（AGML），胃癌（GCa)，食管胃底静脉曲线（EGV）和十二指肠炎（出血糜烂型）。男性均明显多于女性，PU，AGML和十二指肠炎以20－60岁年龄段的中青年人好发，而GCa和EGV以41岁以上的中老年人多。PU和GCa秋冬两季检出率比春夏高，其余病因四季的检出率无明显差异。     

内蒙古苏尼特右旗查干诺尔石炭系本巴图组火山岩地球化学特征及其地质意义

内蒙古查干诺尔地区石炭系本巴图组地层的火山岩,SiO2含量集中分布在48.20%～51.11%和64.66%～65.42%两个区间,分别属于玄武岩和英安岩,构成一套双峰式火山岩组合.其中基性火山岩具有枕状和块状构造,属于碱性玄武岩系列;英安岩的碱含量较高,属于钙碱性系列.基性火山岩中,枕状玄武岩轻稀土略亏损而重稀土略富...     

薄互层水平井测井电阻率的各向异性校正

对薄互层水平井测井电阻率进行各向异性校正.首先依据水平井测井参数对井轨穿层特征作出判断,通过在穿层界面位置设置虚拟直井提高三维地层插值建模的精度,确定水平井井眼轨迹在三维空间上与目标地层的相互位置关系.然后,针对砂-泥岩薄互层提出"相对电阻率各向异性"的概念,获得水平井周围目标地层受三维地质模型约束的相对电阻率各向异性...     

Characterization of PM2.5/PM2.5-10 and source tracking in the juncture belt between urban and rural areas of Beijing

Coarse （PM2.5-10） and fine （PM2.5） atmospheric particulate samples were collected in summer and winter during 2005-2007 in the juncture belt between urban and rural areas of Beijing. Elements, ions, organic/elemental carbon （OC/EC） and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） were determined to obtain some latest information about the particulate pollution in the juncture belt of Beijing. Particulate matter levels at this site were high as compared with the levels at other sampling sites in Beijing. Pollution elements, secondary ions and PAHs were enriched in fine particles rather than in coarse particles. An obvious seasonal variation of the chemical composition of PM was observed. Source apportionment results showed that secondary components were the largest mass contributor of PM2.5, accounting for 28%; whereas soil-related sources were the largest contributor of PM2.5-10, explaining about 49% of the total mass. The abnormal levels of soil heavy metals at the electronic waste disassembly site in the upwind villages suggested the potential impact of such activities to the environment.     

Apoptosis induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles in cultured murine microglia N9 cells

Owing to the rapidly increasing output of nano-scale titanium dioxide （TiO2） particles, their potential risk for central nerve system （CNS） has elicited much concern recently. Microglia is the resident macrophage in CNS and essential for the homeostasis of the CNS microenvironment. They are supposed to response to nanoparticles depositing in the brain tissues. Therefore, we investigated the cytotoxic effects of TiO2 NPs on microglia N9 cells in vitro. Results of propidium iodide/fluorescein diacetate （PI/FDA） double staining and MTT test clearly showed that TiO2 NPs more efficiently affected the viability of microglia N9 cells. Further Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometric analysis proved that nano-scale but not normal scale TiO2 induced apoptosis in vitro, These data suggest that TiO2 NPs can elicit apoptosis of N9 cells in vitro and thus present a potential risk for CNS.     

Decoration of C60 nanorods with nickel and their magnetic properties

We studied the coating of C60 nanorods with nickel by electroless plating method and investigated their magnetic properties. The morphology and structure of the nickel layer coated on C60 nanorods were characterized by transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDX）, X-ray diffraction （XRD） and Raman spectroscopy. The coated nickel is in the form of nano-sized crystals and becomes a continuous layer as reaction time increases. The hysteresis loop shows a super paramagnetic characteristic similar to that of nanometer-sized nickel particle. These results suggest that the average size of nickel particles on C60 rods is below 10 nm. Our study has shown that electroless plating is an efficient and simple method for coating C60 nanorods with nickel.     

基于粒子群优化的过程神经网络学习算法

基于粒子群优化为过程神经元网络提出了一种新的学习算法。新算法在对网络输入函数和连接权函数进行正交基函数展开后,将网络中的结构参数和其他参数整合成一个粒子,再用粒子群优化算法进行全局优化。新算法不依赖于函数梯度信息,不需要手动调节网络结构。粒子群优化具有良好的全局优化性能和收敛性能,保证了过程神经元网络的全局学习能力和新学习算法的收敛能力,更好地发挥过程神经网络的逼近性能。两个实际预测问题的实验结果表明,基于粒子群优化的学习算法比现有的基于梯度的基函数展开方法以及误差反传神经网络模型具有更好的预测精度。