General mechanisms of drought response and their application in drought resistance improvement in plants

Plants often encounter unfavorable environmental conditions because of their sessile lifestyle. These adverse factors greatly affect the geographic distribution of plants, as well as their growth and productivity. Drought stress is one of the premier limitations to global agricultural production due to the complexity of the water-limiting environment and changing climate. Plants have evolved a series of mechanisms at the morphological, physiological, biochemical, cellular, and molecular levels to overcome water deficit or drought stress conditions. The drought resistance of plants can be divided into four basic types-drought avoidance, drought tolerance, drought escape, and drought recovery. Various drought-related traits, including root traits, leaf traits, osmotic adjustment capabilities, water potential, ABA content, and stability of the cell membrane, have been used as indicators to evaluate the drought resistance of plants. In the last decade, scientists have investigated the genetic and molecular mechanisms of drought resistance to enhance the drought resistance of various crops, and significant progress has been made with regard to drought avoidance and drought tolerance. With increasing knowledge to comprehensively decipher the complicated mechanisms of drought resistance in model plants, it still remains an enormous challenge to develop water-saving and drought-resistant crops to cope with the water shortage and increasing demand for food production in the future.     

Predicting Initial Formation Temperature for Deep Well Engineering with a New Method

With the progress of science and technology, human beings explore the energy under-ground with thousands of meters. As a thermophysical parameter, initial formation temperature (IFT) plays an essential...     

高考走向的争鸣与思考

高考走向何方,成为人们热议的话题。有人主张废除高考,有人反对废除,主张改革;有人赞成统一高考,有人赞成高校单独招考……笔者认为高考要改不宜废,但改革要考虑国情,要遵循一定原则,要有比较稳定的思路,要有灵活应变的策略和科学的方法。     

我国巨型机发展概述

系统地总结和介绍了我国高性能计算机，包括“银河”系列巨型机、“曙光”系列巨型机、“神威”系列巨型机、“深腾”系列巨型机以及“深超”系列巨型机的开发研制以及应用情况。     

Hamilton线图中的泛圈性

对于图Ｇ的边ｅ＝ｕｖ，定义ｄ（ｅ）－ｄ（ｕ）＋ｄ（ｖ），这里ｄ（ｕ）和ｄ（ｖ）分分别表示ｕ和ｖ的度，该文的主要结果是：对阶为ｎ（ｎ≥４０）的简单连通图Ｇ，如果对Ｇ中任意两条边距离为２的边ｅ１，ｅ２都有ｄ（ｅ１）＋ｄ（ｅ２）≥ｎ，并且线图Ｌ（Ｇ）是Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ的，则Ｌ（Ｇ）是泛圈的，并且条件Ｌ（Ｇ）是Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ是必要的。     

The influence of chronic nicotine treatment on stress-induced gastric ulceration and emptying rate in rats.

Ten-day treatment with nicotine (5, 25 or 50 micrograms/ml drinking water) dose-dependently intensified gastric ulceration induced by cold-restraint, and emptying rate. Stomach contractions produced by graded doses of bethanechol i.v. were elevated further by nicotine treatment. It is suggested that chronic nicotine administration produces hypersensitivity of the gastric muscarinic receptors; stomach hypermotility contributes to the ulcer-worsening action of the alkaloid.     

并行工程产品开发过程的建模方法学

在并行工程中，为了实现产品开发过程的集成、并行和最优化，首先要建立能够充分反映产品开发过程各方面信息的产品开发过程模型。通过对模型的仿真分析和优化，指导产品开发过程的实施。本文首先提出了并行工程产品开发过程模型是集成多视图模型，随后提出了采用集成多视图建模理论的并行工程产品开发过程建模、分析和管理的方法学框架     

森林生物技术走出实验室举步艰难

新的、高密度树木种植正在给林业生物技术带来迅速的变化。但是如果不能克服生态风险和经济障碍．这些新的方法或许永远也无法使用——     

借助Matlab遗传算法反演火山区压力源参数

首先分析了Mogi模型的经典最小二乘反演由于出现矩阵奇异或接近奇异而发散的局限性,决定采用具有全局高效搜索性和优化计算时不需要求导的遗传算法来反演火山区压力源参数。反演程序调用Matlab7.0 Release14工具箱中的选择、交叉和变异等相关程序。最后应用该程序和长白山天池火山区水准和GPS观测资料联合反演火山区压力源参数,经过比较遗传算法和阻尼最小二乘方法的反演结果,可看出2种方法结果近似,可见此方法方便快捷地实现了目标函数的最小化。