A New Discipline of Science-The Study of Open Complex Giant System and Its Methodology

This paper introduces the conception of open complex giant system and the methodology for dealing with the system, with stress on its profound significance in development of science and technology. The authors conclude that the reductionism underlying the exact science is not suitable to open complex giant system, and the only feasible alternative is the meta-synthetic engineering from the qualitative to the quantitative.     

Genetic variants in novel pathways influence blood pressure and cardiovascular disease risk

Blood pressure is a heritable trait influenced by several biological pathways and responsive to environmental stimuli. Over one billion people worldwide have hypertension (≥140?mm?Hg systolic blood pressure or ≥90?mm?Hg diastolic blood pressure). Even small increments in blood pressure are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. This genome-wide association study of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, which used a multi-stage design in 200,000 individuals of European descent, identified sixteen novel loci: six of these loci contain genes previously known or suspected to regulate blood pressure (GUCY1A3-GUCY1B3, NPR3-C5orf23, ADM, FURIN-FES, GOSR2, GNAS-EDN3); the other ten provide new clues to blood pressure physiology. A genetic risk score based on 29 genome-wide significant variants was associated with hypertension, left ventricular wall thickness, stroke and coronary artery disease, but not kidney disease or kidney function. We also observed associations with blood pressure in East Asian, South Asian and African ancestry individuals. Our findings provide new insights into the genetics and biology of blood pressure, and suggest potential novel therapeutic pathways for cardiovascular disease prevention.     

Estimating the proportion of variation in susceptibility to schizophrenia captured by common SNPs

Schizophrenia is a complex disorder caused by both genetic and environmental factors. Using 9,087 affected individuals, 12,171 controls and 915,354 imputed SNPs from the Schizophrenia Psychiatric Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) Consortium (PGC-SCZ), we estimate that 23% (s.e. = 1%) of variation in liability to schizophrenia is captured by SNPs. We show that a substantial proportion of this variation must be the result of common causal variants, that the variance explained by each chromosome is linearly related to its length (r = 0.89, P = 2.6 × 10(-8)), that the genetic basis of schizophrenia is the same in males and females, and that a disproportionate proportion of variation is attributable to a set of 2,725 genes expressed in the central nervous system (CNS; P = 7.6 × 10(-8)). These results are consistent with a polygenic genetic architecture and imply more individual SNP associations will be detected for this disease as sample size increases.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中的酮麝香

 酮麝香是化妆品中的限用物质,对人体有致癌作用,因此,有必要对其含量进行分析。采用超声辅助提取法对不同基质类型的化妆品样品进行预处理。利用反相高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中的酮麝香。色谱条件为Kromasil C₁₈(250mm×4.6mm i.d.,5μm)色谱柱,流动相V(乙腈):V(水)= 80:20,流速1.0mL/min,检测波长235nm。结果表明,在此条件下,酮麝香在0.5-150 μg/mL范围内与相应的峰面积具有良好的线性关系(相关系数r为0.9998),线性回归方程为A=13500ρ-4829,回收率为90.5%-102.5%,RSD为0.45%-0.98%。因此,研究建立的利用反相高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中的酮麝香的方法准确、可靠、适用性广,可为酮麝香的分析及国家相关法规的制定提供一定的参考。     

目前我国农民思想状况的分析

我国农民经过近２０年的改革开放，对文化价值的评价与现实的矛盾，对农村发展的信心与个人能力之间的矛盾、对村领导人评价的心态矛盾等正在经过分化和消融，从而使现代化思想观念日益增强。我国农村基层民主制度建设的过程实质上是一个思想解放的过程     

佛山市专门人才需求预测报告

对佛山市的专门人才需求进行宏观和微观预测,并采用三点法,把需要与可能二者通过计算有机地结合起来,得出专门人才需求总量,其年均增长率:1992年到2000年为7.3%,2000年到2005年为9.1%。建议佛山市在按照专门人才预测结果编制人才规划时,要注意处理好人才培养、使用与经济建设、科学技术发展的趋势和特点的关系;人才培养中数量与质量、普及与提高、当前与长远、需要与可能的关系;各种类型、各种形式的教育之间的关系;高等教育的专业种类和学历层次的比例关系;人才使用的岗位分布与人才作用发挥程度的关系。     

区域高校文化建设的实践与探索—以曲靖师范学院为例

文化传承创新是大学的重要职能。大学校园文化是学校育人的重要内容,是学校软实力的重要体现,是学校精神的外在表现。加强区域高校文化建设,必须坚持以社会主义核心价值体系为根本,坚持重在建设的基本指导方针,注重历史传承与发展创新相结合,做到发展共性与突出个性相结合,并充分发挥师生在文化建设的生力军作用。     

神经网络在伺服系统中进行摩擦力补偿的方法

由于非线性摩擦力的存在,很难用传统的方法对其进行建模。首先讨论了摩擦力及其描述方法,在通过用神经网络对被控对象进行建模的基础之上,利用自适应逆模型神经网络控制器并联PID反馈控制器对控制对象中的摩擦力进行了补偿,并通过一直流伺服系统的仿真试验,验证了该方法是可行的。     

基于FPGA的CMOS图像敏感器驱动电路设计

介绍了一种用于卫星姿态测量的CMOS图像敏感器——STAR250,分析了其驱动时序信号,选用现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)作为硬件设计平台,使用VHDL语言对驱动时序电路进行了硬件描述,经布线、仿真、测试后验证了驱动信号的正确性。     

Rare chromosomal deletions and duplications increase risk of schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder marked by hallucinations, delusions, cognitive deficits and apathy, with a heritability estimated at 73-90% (ref. 1). Inheritance patterns are complex, and the number and type of genetic variants involved are not understood. Copy number variants (CNVs) have been identified in individual patients with schizophrenia and also in neurodevelopmental disorders, but large-scale genome-wide surveys have not been performed. Here we report a genome-wide survey of rare CNVs in 3,391 patients with schizophrenia and 3,181 ancestrally matched controls, using high-density microarrays. For CNVs that were observed in less than 1% of the sample and were more than 100 kilobases in length, the total burden is increased 1.15-fold in patients with schizophrenia in comparison with controls. This effect was more pronounced for rarer, single-occurrence CNVs and for those that involved genes as opposed to those that did not. As expected, deletions were found within the region critical for velo-cardio-facial syndrome, which includes psychotic symptoms in 30% of patients. Associations with schizophrenia were also found for large deletions on chromosome 15q13.3 and 1q21.1. These associations have not previously been reported, and they remained significant after genome-wide correction. Our results provide strong support for a model of schizophrenia pathogenesis that includes the effects of multiple rare structural variants, both genome-wide and at specific loci.