太极拳干预社区中老年人亚健康状态的临床随机对照试验

目的:评价太极拳干预中老年亚健康的疗效。方法:采用随机单盲方法,将符合亚健康诊断标准的受试者100例,随机分为太极拳干预组和一般运动干预组。两组受试者分别进行每周三次,每次30min的太极拳锻炼和一般体育运动锻炼,疗程均为16周。临床疗效观察采用SF-36生命质量评分。结果:太极拳干预组生命质量干预前后评分差值与一般体育运动组比较显示:在总体健康和生命活力两个维度的差异有统计学意义。结论:太极拳较一般运动能更好地改善中老年亚健康人群生命质量。     

福建省青少年游泳运动员比赛表现的影响因素探析

采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法,对影响福建省青少年游泳运动员比赛表现的影响因素进行研究。经过对34个因素进行因子分析,得出影响运动员比赛表现的影响因素的9个主因子。对9大因子进行分析得知,运动员比赛表现是个人技战术水平、心理能力、客观环境、人为因素、赛前准备、教练信任、对手作用、最佳体验与自我评价等多方面因素影响的结果,为我国游泳运动员训练和赛前控制比赛状态提供理论参考。     

Inhibin beta in central neural pathways involved in the control of oxytocin secretion

Inhibin (I) a gonadal hormone glycoprotein which suppresses follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion from the anterior pituitary, is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha subunit and one of two distinct beta subunits. S1 nuclease analysis has revealed that RNAs encoding all three subunits (alpha, beta A and beta B) are expressed in rat brain. We report here on the localization, and a potential function, of inhibin beta in the rat brain. A cell group centred in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), a major recipient of visceral sensory information, was stained immunohistochemically with antisera against synthetic fragments of I beta, but not I alpha. The distribution of I beta-stained fibres is consistent with known NTS projections, and includes a prominent projection to oxytocinergic aspects of the magnocellular neurosecretory system.     

基于人力资本视角下上海市高校体育教师培训体系的研究

运用人力资本理论,从改善上海市高校体育教师培训质量,优化体育教师人力资本等角度探讨了构建上海市高校体育教师培训体系的必要性,并设计出由培训需求评价、培训计划制定、培训过程实施与控制以及培训效果评估等各环节共同组成的科学培训体系。     

拓展训练在大学生情商教育中的价值探析

情商教育是高校教育中十分重要的环节,对大学生综合素质的培养有着重要意义。目前很多大学生情商较低,拓展训练作为高校情商教育的载体,能够提高大学生自信心、毅力、合作能力、人际交往能力和认知情绪能力。     

当代大学生体育消费特点及倾向性之研究

我国大学生体育消费特点呈现多样化的特点:1)体育消费动机多样化;2)实物型体育消费为主、参与型、观赏型体育消费为辅;3)体育消费能力存在较大的差异性。大学生未来的体育消费倾向呈现两大特点:1)体育消费意愿呈现增长态势;2)体育消费投入出现两极分化局面。根据我国大学生体育消费特点提出以下建议:1)加大终身体育教育理念的宣传;2)加大体育消费指导;3)加快学校体育社团建设。     

低盐刺激下副溶血弧菌基因转录表达分析

目的:应用全基因组DNA芯片技术分析低盐冷刺激作用下副溶血弧菌基因的转录表达变化.方法:分别采用"低盐持续刺激培养(continuous growth,CTG)"和"中间转入低盐环境培养(shift growth,STG)".CTG和STG下.分别采用含NaCl浓度为2%和0.66%的MV-5培养基孵育副溶血弧菌,收集菌体,提取RNA,应用全基因组DNA芯片分别比较两个不同的转录表达谱基因变化特点,分析其作用规律.同时,应用实时定量逆转录多聚酶联反应对芯片结果进行验证.结果:和对照组相比,STG实验中,共有205个基因的转录表达发生显著性变化,上调的基因占优势地位;CTG实验中,总计有298个基因的转录表达发生显著性变化,上、下涮的基因总体基本趋于平衡状态,没有明显差异.实时定量逆转录多聚酶联反应结果证实其和芯片数据结果有很强的相关性.结论:在低盐这一"胁迫环境"下,副溶血弧菌利用其存在的独特而精细的应对机制,能够顽强的生存下来并繁衍生殖,这一过程中,节能调节处于调控的核心地位.     

Transgenic mice with inducible dwarfism

The pituitary gland, composed of the anterior, intermediate and posterior lobe, represents a principal regulatory interface through which the central nervous system controls body physiology. The ontogeny of the growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (Prl) producing cells of the anterior pituitary has been analysed in transgenic mice, using the thymidine kinase obliteration system (TKO). Cells expressing the herpes virus 1 thymidine kinase (HSV1-TK) gene acquire pharmacological sensitivity to synthetic nucleosides such as FIAU (1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-delta-arabinofuranosyl)-5-iodouracil), whose metabolites kill dividing cells. Consequently we created transgenic mice carrying the HSV1-TK gene under the control of either the rat growth hormone or the rat prolactin promoter. If transgenic mice expressing HSV1-TK in somatotropes (GH-producing cells) are treated with FIAU, they develop as dwarfs. The anterior pituitary in these animals is nearly devoid of both somatotropes and lactotropes (Prl-producing cells). By contrast, transgenic mice expressing HSV1-TK in the lactotropes, treated with FIAU, have anatomically and histologically normal pituitaries. Because toxicity depends on cell division, we conclude that Prl expression and lactotrope differentiation are post-mitotic events. These results indicate that both somatotropes and lactotropes derive from a common GH-expressing stem-somatotrope. Unexpectedly, the stemsomatotrope is still present in the adult animal and is capable of repopulating the pituitaries of treated animals with mature GH and Prl producing cells.     

Evidence for local stimulation of ACTH secretion by corticotropin-releasing factor in human placenta

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis is activated in pregnancy and parturition. Levels of immunoreactive corticotrophin releasing factor (irCRF), immunoreactive adrenocorticotropic hormone (irACTH) and cortisol concentrations in maternal plasma are elevated throughout gestation, increase further during labour and fall precipitously after parturition. The placenta contains biologically active CRF and ACTH and it has been suggested that the placenta produces these peptides during pregnancy. Here we show that irCRF is located in the cytotrophoblast cells of placenta collected at term. Using a monolayer primary culture of human placental cells we have found that CRF stimulates secretion of peptides containing the ACTH sequence in the placenta in a dose-dependent manner, as it does in the pituitary. This effect is reversed by a CRF antagonist and is mimicked by dibutyryl cyclic AMP and forskolin. Glucocorticoids, which suppress the secretion of pituitary ACTH, were found to have no influence on release of irACTH by the placenta. Oxytocin and prostaglandins stimulate irACTH and irCRF secretion from cultured placental cells and the irACTH-releasing activity of two prostaglandins is partially reversed by a CRF antagonist. Thus CRF may be involved in the paracrine regulation of placental irACTH secretion.