Unexpectedly high rate of de novo constitutional t(11;22) translocations in sperm from normal males

Junction fragments from the constitutional t(11;22)(q23;q11) translocation have previously been cloned and sequenced. Here we report a high incidence of translocation-specific PCR products in sperm DNA from normal individuals. Somatic DNA from these and other normal individuals or from people with chromosomal breakage syndromes do not yield PCR junction fragments, indicating that this translocation originates during meiosis.     

ARARMA models for time series analysis and forecasting

Methods of time series forecasting are proposed which can be applied automatically. However, they are not rote formulae, since they are based on a flexible philosophy which can provide several models for consideration. In addition it provides diverse diagnostics for qualitatively and quantitatively estimating how well one can forecast a series. The models considered are called ARARMA models (or ARAR models) because the model fitted to a long memory time series (t) is based on sophisticated time series analysis of AR (or ARMA) schemes (short memory models) fitted to residuals Y(t) obtained by parsimonious‘best lag’non-stationary autoregression. Both long range and short range forecasts are provided by an ARARMA model Section 1 explains the philosophy of our approach to time series model identification. Sections 2 and 3 attempt to relate our approach to some standard approaches to forecasting; exponential smoothing methods are developed from the point of view of prediction theory (section 2) and extended (section 3). ARARMA models are introduced (section 4). Methods of ARARMA model fitting are outlined (sections 5,6). Since‘the proof of the pudding is in the eating’, the methods proposed are illustrated (section 7) using the classic example of international airline passengers.     

Increasing destructiveness of tropical cyclones over the past 30 years

Theory and modelling predict that hurricane intensity should increase with increasing global mean temperatures, but work on the detection of trends in hurricane activity has focused mostly on their frequency and shows no trend. Here I define an index of the potential destructiveness of hurricanes based on the total dissipation of power, integrated over the lifetime of the cyclone, and show that this index has increased markedly since the mid-1970s. This trend is due to both longer storm lifetimes and greater storm intensities. I find that the record of net hurricane power dissipation is highly correlated with tropical sea surface temperature, reflecting well-documented climate signals, including multi-decadal oscillations in the North Atlantic and North Pacific, and global warming. My results suggest that future warming may lead to an upward trend in tropical cyclone destructive potential, and--taking into account an increasing coastal population--a substantial increase in hurricane-related losses in the twenty-first century.     

Quality Evaluation of Image Recording Strategies for Limited Angle Tomography

In this paper we propose a new method for evaluating image recording strategies for limited angle tomography.In limited angle tomography exact three-dimensional(3-D) reconstruction is not achievable.With this method a metric for the reachable reconstruction quality by defined X-ray source trajectories is calculated.The result of our method is independent of reconstruction algorithms.Our approach is based on the gradients of the scanned volume and their grade of determinability.Compared to simulated reconstr...     

The Clq receptor site on immunoglobulin G

We propose that, the binding site for the complement subcomponent Clq on immunoglobulin G involves the last two (C-terminal) beta-strands of the C gamma 2 domain. This region contains a large number of accessible and highly conserved charged residues and charge is postulated as an important component of the Clq-IgG interaction. The conclusions are reached on the basis of accessibility and sequence conservation analyses of C gamma 2 amino acid residues, the use of specific inhibitors and chemical modification studies.     

Interpretation of tomography and spectroscopy as dual forms of quantum computation

It is important to be able to determine the state of a quantum system and to measure properties of its evolution. State determination can be achieved using tomography, in which the system is subjected to a series of experiments, whereas spectroscopy can be used to probe the energy spectrum associated with the system's evolution. Here we show that, for a quantum system whose state or evolution can be modelled on a quantum computer, tomography and spectroscopy can be interpreted as dual forms of quantum computation. Specifically, we find that the phase estimation algorithm (which underlies a quantum computer's ability to perform efficient simulations and to factorize large numbers) can be adapted for tomography or spectroscopy. This is analogous to the situation encountered in scattering experiments, in which it is possible to obtain information about both the state of the scatterer and its interactions. We provide an experimental demonstration of the tomographic application by performing a measurement of the Wigner function (a phase space distribution) of a quantum system. For this purpose, we use three qubits formed from spin-1/2 nuclei in a quantum computation involving liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance.