农村税费改革形势下灌区清淤工作探讨

对灌区渠道清淤群众投工历史进行了回顾，论述了税费改革试点工作以来渠道清淤的现状，对下一步清淤工作的思路进行了探讨。     

A deficiency of the homeotic complex of the beetle Tribolium

In Drosophila, the establishment of regional commitments along most of the anterior/posterior axis of the developing embryo depends on two clusters of homeotic genes: the Antennapedia complex (ANT-C) and the bithorax complex (BX-C). The red flour beetle has a single complex (HOM-C) representing the homologues of the ANT-C and BX-C in juxtaposition. Beetles trans-heterozygous for two particular HOM-C mutations spontaneously generate a large deficiency, presumably by an exchange within the common region of two overlapping inversions. Genetic and molecular results indicate that this deficiency spans at least the interval between the Deformed and abdominal-A homologues. In deficiency homozygous embryos, all gnathal, thoracic and abdominal segments develop antennal appendages, suggesting that a gene(s) has been deleted that acts to distinguish trunk from head. There is no evidence that beetles have a homologue of the segmentation gene fushi tarazu of similar genomic location and function. On the basis of the genetic tractability, convenient genome size and organization of Tribolium, and its relatively long phylogenetic divergence from Drosophila (>300 million years), we have integrated developmental genetic and molecular analyses of the HOM-C. We isolated about 70 mutations in the complex representing at least six complementation groups. The homeotic phenotypes of adults and lethal embryos lead us to believe that these beetle genes are homologous with the Drosophila genes indicated in Fig. 1 (see text).     

A new interstellar molecule: tricarbon monoxide

The cold dark interstellar Taurus Molecular Cloud One (TMC-1) is a rich source of acetylenic and polyacetylenic molecular species. As well as linear closed-shell molecules (H(C triple bond C)nCN) and symmetric rotors (CH3C triple bond CH, CH3C triple bond CCN), several radicals (C triple bond CH, C triple bond CCN, (C triple bond C2H) have also been identified, many of which had not been studied previously in the laboratory. Whether the observed abundances can be understood in terms of purely gas-phase ion-molecule chemical schemes, which produce reasonable agreement for the simplest polyatomic species, is unclear; alternative models involving the particulate interstellar grains as catalysts or sources have also been suggested. We now report the detection in TMC-1 of a new molecule, tricarbon monoxide (C3O), whose pure rotational spectrum has only very recently been studied in the laboratory. As C3O is the first known interstellar carbon chain molecule to contain oxygen, its existence places an important new constraint on chemical schemes for cold interstellar clouds. In fact, the observed abundance of tricarbon monoxide fits quite well into our model of galactochemistry.     

Serum enzyme activities in the African elephant (Loxodonta africana)

Summary The serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, -hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase have been measured in the African elephant. In general, the values were broadly comparable with those of man except that alanine aminotransferase was much lower and creatine phosphokinase higher. No variation due to age, sex, season or location was observed.     

一种自相似业务量预测的卡尔曼滤波算法

针对网络拥塞控制中不能准确预测自相似业务量的问题,提出了一种噪声在线估计卡尔曼滤波(NOEKF)算法.NOEKF算法不依赖于业务源反馈信息,通过观测节点处当前和过去时刻的业务量来预测下一时刻的业务量,并建立了业务量的卡尔曼滤波状态方程和观测方程,给出了递推形式的状态向量最佳估计形式.考虑到未知状态方程和观测方程噪声的统计特性,采用在线估值法,并引入遗忘因子对噪声的统计特性进行估计.NOEKF算法预测准确、偏差小.仿真结果表明,与经典卡尔曼滤波算法和时间序列预测方法比较,NOEKF算法能够更精确地预测自相似业务量,预测误差可降低60%以上.     

加工条件对聚丙烯釜内合金结构及性能影响

运用动态力学分析(DMA)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)、流变分析等手段研究了加工条件对聚丙烯釜内合金结构的影响,并结合力学性能表征建立了结构与性能的关系.研究结果表明,在设定的加工条件下,聚丙烯釜内合金的熔融结晶特性和流变性能基本上没有变化.聚丙烯和乙丙橡胶组份间的相容性却随密炼加工温度的增加得到了明显的改善,来源于剪切诱导组份间的相互扩散.高温密炼加工的聚丙烯釜内合金拉伸断裂伸长率表现出了显著的提高.     

Segregation of a missense mutation in the amyloid precursor protein gene with familial Alzheimer's disease.

A locus segregating with familial Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been mapped to chromosome 21, close to the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene. Recombinants between the APP gene and the AD locus have been reported which seemed to exclude it as the site of the mutation causing familial AD. But recent genetic analysis of a large number of AD families has demonstrated that the disease is heterogeneous. Families with late-onset AD do not show linkage to chromosome 21 markers. Some families with early-onset AD show linkage to chromosome 21 markers, but some do not. This has led to the suggestion that there is non-allelic genetic heterogeneity even within early onset familial AD. To avoid the problems that heterogeneity poses for genetic analysis, we have examined the cosegregation of AD and markers along the long arm of chromosome 21 in a single family with AD confirmed by autopsy. Here we demonstrate that in this kindred, which shows linkage to chromosome 21 markers, there is a point mutation in the APP gene. This mutation causes an amino-acid substitution (Val----Ile) close to the carboxy terminus of the beta-amyloid peptide. Screening other cases of familial AD revealed a second unrelated family in which this variant occurs. This suggests that some cases of AD could be caused by mutations in the APP gene.     

可拓学理论在住宅建筑综合性能评价中的应用

将可拓理论与住宅建筑综合性能评价相结合,以物元理论和可拓数学作为其理论框架,把住宅建筑综合性能评价看成一个复杂的、相互联系的物元网,并在物元理论、可拓集合论和关联函数运算的基础上,以一套实际住宅为例,建立了住宅建筑综合性能评价的物元模型,利用此模型对住宅建筑综合性能作出了客观评价,结果表明该方法是可行的,且效果理想,是一种既可行又容易被人们接受的评价方法。