新疆少数民族中学"体育与健康"课程教学现状的调查与研究

本对新疆南、北疆、东疆地区和乌鲁木齐市的101所民族中学进行实地的调查研究，通过对各民族中学体育教学中大纲、教材、场地器材、汉语授课、男女生分班情况、教师培训、教学计划以及对课程改革的认识等方面的分析．进一步了解新疆各地区民族中学学校体育状况，特别是“体育与健康”课程实施后，各地区民族中学学校体育教学现状以及所面临的问题，旨在加快新疆少数民族中学的体育教学改革和《体育与健康》课程教学研究。为新疆教育主管部门制定实施“体育与健康”课程教学提供决策依据。     

Direct detection of more than 50% of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy mutations by field inversion gels

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked disorder affecting about 1 in 3,500 males. It is allelic with the milder Becker muscular dystrophy. The biochemical basis for both diseases is unknown and no effective treatment is available. Long-range physical mapping has shown that the DMD gene, localized in Xp21, is extremely large, exceeding 2 million base pairs. Until now, carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis has involved the use of linked restriction fragment length polymorphism markers which detect muscular dystrophy-associated deletions in about 10% of the cases. Field inversion gel electrophoresis (FIGE) allows the detection of structural rearrangements in 21 out of 39 of the DMD patients studied (54%), of which 14 (65%) were not detected by conventional methods. Large deletions seem to make up a much higher fraction of the DMD mutations than so far indicated by other methods. A region prone to deletion was located in the distal half of the gene. FIGE analysis could provide a valuable extension of information for carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis. The technique should be generally applicable to the study of diseases involving structural chromosomal rearrangements.     

部门动态投资系数的求取方法探讨

本文从理论和实践两个方面对动态投入产出法中动态投资的概念、投资系数的求取等进行了研究,提出了部门动态投资系数的求取方法,即一次性投资与多次性投资的综合方法。在此基础上,还给出了投资系数的修正方法,分析了影响投资系数求取的因素。最后,给出了投资系数求取过程中的误差分析方法。     

Susceptibility loci for intracranial aneurysm in European and Japanese populations

Stroke is the world's third leading cause of death. One cause of stroke, intracranial aneurysm, affects approximately 2% of the population and accounts for 500,000 hemorrhagic strokes annually in mid-life (median age 50), most often resulting in death or severe neurological impairment. The pathogenesis of intracranial aneurysm is unknown, and because catastrophic hemorrhage is commonly the first sign of disease, early identification is essential. We carried out a multistage genome-wide association study (GWAS) of Finnish, Dutch and Japanese cohorts including over 2,100 intracranial aneurysm cases and 8,000 controls. Genome-wide genotyping of the European cohorts and replication studies in the Japanese cohort identified common SNPs on chromosomes 2q, 8q and 9p that show significant association with intracranial aneurysm with odds ratios 1.24-1.36. The loci on 2q and 8q are new, whereas the 9p locus was previously found to be associated with arterial diseases, including intracranial aneurysm. Associated SNPs on 8q likely act via SOX17, which is required for formation and maintenance of endothelial cells, suggesting a role in development and repair of the vasculature; CDKN2A at 9p may have a similar role. These findings have implications for the pathophysiology, diagnosis and therapy of intracranial aneurysm.