Gene silencing in cancer by histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation independent of promoter DNA methylation

Epigenetic silencing in cancer cells is mediated by at least two distinct histone modifications, polycomb-based histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27triM) and H3K9 dimethylation. The relationship between DNA hypermethylation and these histone modifications is not completely understood. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation microarrays (ChIP-chip) in prostate cancer cells compared to normal prostate, we found that up to 5% of promoters (16% CpG islands and 84% non-CpG islands) were enriched with H3K27triM. These genes were silenced specifically in prostate cancer, and those CpG islands affected showed low levels of DNA methylation. Downregulation of the EZH2 histone methyltransferase restored expression of the H3K27triM target genes alone or in synergy with histone deacetylase inhibition, without affecting promoter DNA methylation, and with no effect on the expression of genes silenced by DNA hypermethylation. These data establish EZH2-mediated H3K27triM as a mechanism of tumor-suppressor gene silencing in cancer that is potentially independent of promoter DNA methylation.     

反复变动轴力作用下钢柱的数值分析模型

当承受水平地震荷载时，高层框架结构的低层柱子通常受到困倾覆力矩而引起的反复变动轴力．文中提出一弹塑性数值分析模型以考虑变动轴力对柱子抗育强度的影响，并提出单轴移动骨架式恢复为模式来表现钢柱的恢复力特性．通过荷载试验结果对这一数值分析模型进行了检验．     

Multi-phaseted problems of TDP-43 in selective neuronal vulnerability in ALS

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences - Transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 kDa (TDP-43) encoded by the TARDBP gene is an evolutionarily conserved heterogeneous nuclear...     

Large-scale genome-wide association studies in East Asians identify new genetic loci influencing metabolic traits

To identify the genetic bases for nine metabolic traits, we conducted a meta-analysis combining Korean genome-wide association results from the KARE project (n = 8,842) and the HEXA shared control study (n = 3,703). We verified the associations of the loci selected from the discovery meta-analysis in the replication stage (30,395 individuals from the BioBank Japan genome-wide association study and individuals comprising the Health2 and Shanghai Jiao Tong University Diabetes cohorts). We identified ten genome-wide significant signals newly associated with traits from an overall meta-analysis. The most compelling associations involved 12q24.11 (near MYL2) and 12q24.13 (in C12orf51) for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, 2p21 (near SIX2-SIX3) for fasting plasma glucose, 19q13.33 (in RPS11) and 6q22.33 (in RSPO3) for renal traits, and 12q24.11 (near MYL2), 12q24.13 (in C12orf51 and near OAS1), 4q31.22 (in ZNF827) and 7q11.23 (near TBL2-BCL7B) for hepatic traits. These findings highlight previously unknown biological pathways for metabolic traits investigated in this study.     

RICK/Rip2/CARDIAK mediates signalling for receptors of the innate and adaptive immune systems

The immune system consists of two evolutionarily different but closely related responses, innate immunity and adaptive immunity. Each of these responses has characteristic receptors-Toll-like receptors (TLRs) for innate immunity and antigen-specific receptors for adaptive immunity. Here we show that the caspase recruitment domain (CARD)-containing serine/threonine kinase Rip2 (also known as RICK, CARDIAK, CCK and Ripk2) transduces signals from receptors of both immune responses. Rip2 was recruited to TLR2 signalling complexes after ligand stimulation. Moreover, cytokine production in Rip2-deficient cells was reduced on stimulation of TLRs with lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan and double-stranded RNA, but not with bacterial DNA, indicating that Rip2 is downstream of TLR2/3/4 but not TLR9. Rip2-deficient cells were also hyporesponsive to signalling through interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-18 receptors, and deficient for signalling through Nod proteins-molecules also implicated in the innate immune response. Furthermore, Rip2-deficient T cells showed severely reduced NF-kappaB activation, IL-2 production and proliferation on T-cell-receptor (TCR) engagement, and impaired differentiation to T-helper subtype 1 (TH1) cells, indicating that Rip2 is required for optimal TCR signalling and T-cell differentiation. Rip2 is therefore a signal transducer and integrator of signals for both the innate and adaptive immune systems.     

贵金属分散多孔性氧化铝膜用于高温气体分离与反应

利用溶胶、凝胶法将白金族贵金属的超微粒子分散到多孔性氧化铝薄膜 的微孔表面，得到一种新型的多孔性气体分离膜．将这种薄膜应用到Ｈ２－Ｎ２ 混合气体的分离，在４００℃的高温下具有良好的气体选择透过性和分离能力． 研究结果表明，本薄膜的高温分离系数可达６．５～７．０，远高于根据Ｋｎｕｄｓｅｎ 扩散机理所推算出的３．７４的理论值和目前文献报道的同类型膜的２．５～３．０ 的水平．通过表面及显微分析，发现这种薄膜的透过机理是由化学吸附所引 发的表面扩散过程，从而加速了氢气的透过速度．另外，将这种膜用于膜反应 器中，应用到甲烷的水蒸气转化反应．由于反应过程所生产的Ｈ２通过膜源源 不断地分离出去，化学反应平衡向正反应方向倾斜，从而在较低温度下即可 获得很高的转化率．４７５℃，Ｓ．Ｖ．＝７５０～１０００ ｈ－１，Ｈ２Ｏ／ＣＨ４＝３．０的反应条 件下，甲烷的转化率达到８０％以上，几乎相当于固定床反应器及热力学平衡 值的２倍，同时可获得很高的Ｈ２收率．这种反应器在燃料电池、Ｈ２透平等新能 源体系的开发中具有广阔的应用前景．     

有关为了进行边坡管理开发的采用了信息通信技术的测量监测系统(英文)

滑坡管理是边坡防灾管理的一个方面,在进行边坡管理的时候,提出了开发可以对边坡产生的位移变化进行警报报警系统的要求。所以我们开发了利用信息通信技术(ICT)把滑坡范围内的地基信息,通过互联网进行无线警报报警的系统。这里,我们通过滑坡管理的实例和对可能发生滑坡的预测来介绍一下这个系统。