An electrochemical and microstructural characterization of steel-mortar admixed with corrosion inhibitors

The present research brings new insights on the role of admixed corrosion inhibitors in the processes of cement hydration and rebar corrosion.The admixing of NaCl and the corrosion inhibitors in fresh mortar was found to alter the morphology and microstructure of the hardened mortar at the steel-mortar interfacial region.The admixing of the inhibitors increased the risk of carbonation of cement hydrates at the steel-mortar interfacial region,but partially displaced chloride ions. Chloride and the admixed in...     

Activation-induced cellular accumulation of histamine in immature but not mature murine mast cells

Mast cell activation involves the rapid release of inflammatory mediators, including histamine, from intracellular granules. The cells are capable of regranulation and multiple rounds of activation. The goal of this study was to determine if there are changes in the content of pre-formed mast cell mediators after a round of activation. After 24 h, the histamine content of bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC), but not that of peritoneal mast cells, exceeded the amount in resting cells. Accumulation of histamine in BMMC peaked at 72 h of activation, and returned toward preactivation levels by 96 h. The increase in histamine content was accompanied by an increase in the gene expression of histidine decarboxylase. No increases in beta hexosaminidase or murine mast cell protease-6 were observed. These findings indicate that BMMC respond to activation by increasing total cell-associated histamine content. This increase may be important to the response of these cells upon subsequent exposure to antigens.