Aktivität einiger Transaminasen in den mit SO2 behandelten Erbsen-Keimpflanzen

Summary Fifteen-day-old green pea seedlings were intoxicated 48 h by 1% gaseous sulphur dioxide and in their individual organs the activity of glutamate-oxalacetate (l-aspartate: 2-ketoglutarate-aminotransferase) and aspartate-pyruvate (l-alanine: oxalacetate-aminotransferase) transaminases estimated. The activity of glutamate-oxalacetate transaminase in the intoxicated seedlings was lowered in shoots by 77.8% and in roots by 78,9% as compared with the control plants. The activity of aspartate-pyruvate transaminase was lowered in shoots by 33.5%, in roots by 76% and in cotyledons by 54.5% in comparison with the control plants.     

Efflux-dependent auxin gradients establish the apical-basal axis of Arabidopsis

Axis formation occurs in plants, as in animals, during early embryogenesis. However, the underlying mechanism is not known. Here we show that the first manifestation of the apical-basal axis in plants, the asymmetric division of the zygote, produces a basal cell that transports and an apical cell that responds to the signalling molecule auxin. This apical-basal auxin activity gradient triggers the specification of apical embryo structures and is actively maintained by a novel component of auxin efflux, PIN7, which is located apically in the basal cell. Later, the developmentally regulated reversal of PIN7 and onset of PIN1 polar localization reorganize the auxin gradient for specification of the basal root pole. An analysis of pin quadruple mutants identifies PIN-dependent transport as an essential part of the mechanism for embryo axis formation. Our results indicate how the establishment of cell polarity, polar auxin efflux and local auxin response result in apical-basal axis formation of the embryo, and thus determine the axiality of the adult plant.     

Possible cellular localization of cholecystokinin-pancreozymin

Zusammenfassung Nach intraduodenaler Stimulation der Cholecystokinin-Pancreozymin Sekretion (CCK-PZ) beim Hund durchl-Phenylalanin finden sich Anhaltspunkte für die Ausschleusung von Sekretgranula bei 2 Typen von endokrinen Zellen. Es handelt sich einerseits um enterochromaffine Zellen (EC), die 5-Hydroxytryptamin produzieren und deren Verteilung im Gastrointestinaltrakt nicht dem CCK-PZ entspricht, andererseits um D-Zellen, deren Hormonalprodukt noch nicht identifiziert ist. Es wird angenommen, dass CCK-PZ von den D-Zellen des Gastrointestinaltraktes produziert wird.     

Einfluss des Schwefeldioxids auf den Gehalt freier Saccharide und Aminosäuren in Erbsen-Keimpflanzen

Summary The influence of gaseous 1% sulphur dioxide during 24, 48, 72 and 96 h on saccharide and amino acid content, has been studied on 14–15-day old green and etiolated pea seedlings. In roots and shoots of intoxicated seedlings of both sorts, there was found a marked decrease of sucrose and a marked increase of glucose and fructose content, most probably as a consequence of disturbed sucrose biosynthesis. In cotyledons, roots and shoots there was also found an increase of alanine and a decrease of glutamic acid content.     

Early-estrogen syndrome in the rat by the non-steroidal estrogen diethylstilbestrol

Zusammenfassung Typisches, durch Östrogene (frühpostnatale Periode) bei weiblichen und männlichen Ratten induziertes Syndrom, wird auch durch nicht-steroidales Östrogen, das Diäthylstilböstrol, ausgelöst. Auffallend wellenförmige Granulosazellenschicht in den grossen Graafschen Follikeln.     

Über den Einfluss desd,l-Methioninsulfoximins auf den Eiweißstoffwechsel bei Erbsen

Summary The influence of thed,l-Methioninesulphoximine on the nitrogen metabolism of germinating seeds has been studied on peas. It has been shown thatd,l-Methioninesulphoximine, even at low concentrations, inhibited the germination of seeds and produced a decrease of growth of the roots. The inhibited germinating seeds contained less non-protein-nitrogen and less asparagine than the control plants. On the basis of the experimental results,d,l-Methioninesulphoximine could be considered as an inhibitor of proteolysis.     

A new endocrine cell type of the human pancreatic islets

Zusammenfassung Es wird neben den bereits beschriebenen A, B, D, G und den «enterochromaffinen» Zellen, in den Langerhansschen Inseln des menschlichen Pankreas ein neuer Zelltyp mit charakteristischer, besonders kleiner Sekretionsgranula und von granulärer Struktur gefunden.     

Thermogenic response as the function of extravascular influx of infused noradrenaline

Summary The dynamic and static phases of the thermogenic response to i.v. infused noradrenaline (NA) do not reflect the arterial concentration of NA; according to the equation presented here they are a function of the influx rate.