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1.
V. Pli<ska 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1991,47(3):216-221
Summary Binding studies in various biological systems frequently indicate the presence of several binding sites for a biologically active ligand. They differ in their affinity for the ligand in question, binding capacity, and Hill coefficient, which suggests differences in the mechanisms of the binding site-ligand interactions. Identification of the true receptors (sites initiating a cellular response) appears to be difficult. Three clusters of binding sites for oxytocin were found on rat myometrial cells. The oxytocin receptor seems to be linked to the medium-affinity site; the cooperation between the high-and medium-affinity sites in eliciting the uterotonic response seems likely, but lacks experimental proof. Dose-response analysis in partially irreversibly inhibited uterus preparations, the method of equipotent doses (Furchgott-Bursztyn method), and structure-activity analysis of oxytocin-like peptides acting as competitive inhibitors of oxytocin, turned out to be suitable for pharmacological analysis of this receptor system. 相似文献
2.
Summary Hexoprenaline potentiated the14C-aminopyrine uptake (a reliable index of H+ generation) of isolated rat gastric cells stimulated by 10–6–10–4 mol/l carbachol, and inhibited that in response to 10–4 mol/l histamine without and in the presence of propranolol. It is concluded that hexoprenaline acts as a partial agonist on parietal cell H2-receptors and that -adrenoceptor activation may functionally modualte gastric acid secretion.Acknowledgments. S. Maliski, Institute of Rheumatology, Warszawa, held a fellowship of the Alexander v. Humboldt-Foundation. The study was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. The skilful technical assistance of Mrs R. Maier and Mr R. Beer is gratefully acknowledged. 相似文献
3.
4.
B. Jazdowska-Zagrodzińska B. Matuszewski 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1978,34(6):777-778
Summary Lamellar structures in oogonial and spermatogonial cells of gall midges were found to form a complicated system of intranuclear compartments inside which all heteropycnotic chromosomes present in the germ-line cells of these insects are located. In this way, the heteropycnotic S-chromosomes are separated by the nuclear lamellae from the remaining, decondensed chromosomes (E-chromosomes) of the interphase germ-line nucleus.This investigation was supported in part under Contract DPKBN/52/76-II.1.3.10. with the Polish Academy of Sciences. 相似文献
5.
Summary Natural cell-mediated cytotoxicity of normal murine Peyer's patch cells against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma was found in a short-term51Cr release assay. Peyer's patch and lymph node cells showed natural cytotoxicity at approximately the same level.Acknowledgments. This work was supported by grant No. 10.5 from the Polish Academy of Sciences. 相似文献
6.
J. Kędziora M. Soszyński G. Bartosz H. Witas W. Leyko 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1980,36(8):926-927
Summary A statistically significant decrease of prealbumin and statistically significant increases of alpha2-macroglobulin and IgA were found in blood plasma of patients with Down's syndrome using quantitative crossed immunoelectrophoresis.We are indebted to Prof. T.C. Bøg-Hansen, University of Copenhagen, for the helpful discussion of our results. 相似文献
7.
A. B. Ślebodziński 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1979,35(4):549-550
Summary The effect of ethanol on thyroxine (T4) accumulation in the hypothalamus (H), pituitary gland (P) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been investigated in 1–15-day-old rabbits. It has been found that H or CSF serum ratios decreased with age by about 2 in the course of 13 postnatal days. Stable T4 resulted in an increase of125I-T4 in H, P and CSF. Ethanol per se caused an increase in transfer and accumulation of radiothyroxine or made the changes after loading animals with carrier T4 more pronounced. 相似文献
8.
Research in semiconductor spintronics aims to extend the scope of conventional electronics by using the spin degree of freedom of an electron in addition to its charge. Significant scientific advances in this area have been reported, such as the development of diluted ferromagnetic semiconductors, spin injection into semiconductors from ferromagnetic metals and discoveries of new physical phenomena involving electron spin. Yet no viable means of developing spintronics in semiconductors has been presented. Here we report a theoretical design that is a conceptual step forward-spin accumulation is used as the basis of a semiconductor computer circuit. Although the giant magnetoresistance effect in metals has already been commercially exploited, it does not extend to semiconductor/ferromagnet systems, because the effect is too weak for logic operations. We overcome this obstacle by using spin accumulation rather than spin flow. The basic element in our design is a logic gate that consists of a semiconductor structure with multiple magnetic contacts; this serves to perform fast and reprogrammable logic operations in a noisy, room-temperature environment. We then introduce a method to interconnect a large number of these gates to form a 'spin computer'. As the shrinking of conventional complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) transistors reaches its intrinsic limit, greater computational capability will mean an increase in both circuit area and power dissipation. Our spin-based approach may provide wide margins for further scaling and also greater computational capability per gate. 相似文献
9.
This review describes the properties of some rare eukaryotic chaperones that each assist in the folding of only one target
protein. In particular, we describe (1) the tubulin cofactors, (2) p47, which assists in the folding of collagen, (3) α-hemoglobin
stabilizing protein (AHSP), (4) the adenovirus L4-100 K protein, which is a chaperone of the major structural viral protein,
hexon, and (5) HYPK, the huntingtin-interacting protein. These various-sized proteins (102–1,190 amino acids long) are all
involved in the folding of oligomeric polypeptides but are otherwise functionally unique, as they each assist only one particular
client. This raises a question regarding the biosynthetic cost of the high-level production of such chaperones. As the clients
of faithful chaperones are all abundant proteins that are essential cellular or viral components, it is conceivable that this
necessary metabolic expenditure withstood evolutionary pressure to minimize biosynthetic costs. Nevertheless, the complexity
of the folding pathways in which these chaperones are involved results in error-prone processes. Several human disorders associated
with these chaperones are discussed. 相似文献
10.
Uppal S Diggle CP Carr IM Fishwick CW Ahmed M Ibrahim GH Helliwell PS Latos-Bieleńska A Phillips SE Markham AF Bennett CP Bonthron DT 《Nature genetics》2008,40(6):789-793
Digital clubbing, recognized by Hippocrates in the fifth century BC, is the outward hallmark of pulmonary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, a clinical constellation that develops secondary to various acquired diseases, especially intrathoracic neoplasm. The pathogenesis of clubbing and hypertrophic osteoarthropathy has hitherto been poorly understood, but a clinically indistinguishable primary (idiopathic) form of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (PHO) is recognized. This familial disorder can cause diagnostic confusion, as well as significant disability. By autozygosity methods, we mapped PHO to chromosome 4q33-q34 and identified mutations in HPGD, encoding 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase, the main enzyme of prostaglandin degradation. Homozygous individuals develop PHO secondary to chronically elevated prostaglandin E(2) levels. Heterozygous relatives also show milder biochemical and clinical manifestations. These findings not only suggest therapies for PHO, but also imply that clubbing secondary to other pathologies may be prostaglandin mediated. Testing for HPGD mutations and biochemical testing for HPGD deficiency in patients with unexplained clubbing might help to obviate extensive searches for occult pathology. 相似文献