冰岛南部Bodmodsstadir地热田的概念模型和自然状…

Ｂｏｄｍｏｄｓｓｔａｄｉｒ地热田是冰岛南部低温地热田之一。１９７４年以来，已完成１０口钻井。根据温度测井，井中压力和水位测量和一些地质地球物理资料研究，本建立了它的概念模型。为了进一步建立该地热田的自然状态模型，本进行了稳态和非稳态地温场模拟。通过假定一倾向北西的主断裂，模拟计算地温也观测地温吻合得很好，非稳态模拟还表明象这样的地热系统形成后５０００ａ就能达到准稳态（自然状态）。进一步通过求解     

Self-assembling Characteristics of Amphiphilic Star Block Copolymers with a Polyelectrolyte Shell

1 Results Amphiphilic block copolymers are capable of forming supramolecular assemblies resembling those observed in nature,such as spherical micelles,worm micelles,and vesicles.Changing the solvent composition,ionic strength or pH of the polymer solution may induce the self-assembly of block copolymers or trigger the transition between the geometries of noncovalent assemblies.In the current work,we have synthesised starlike amphiphilic block copolymers having hydrophobic poly(methyl methacrylate),PMMA,core,and hydrophilic poly(acrylic acid),PAA,shell.The self-assembling characteristics of these polymers have been investigated in aqueous solutions by light scattering and direct visualisation by cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryoTEM)[1]. Computer simulations along with the theoretical predictions made for the star-like system based on mean-field theory have been used to support the experimental observations[2]. The association of the starlike macromolecules resembles that of charged biopolymers,such as actin,since a balance between attractive and repulsive forces is required for the formation of cylindrical assemblies and can be manipulated by changing the pH or the ionic strength of the solvent[3].     

Regulation of cellulose synthesis in Acetobacter xylinum by cyclic diguanylic acid

Cellulose is the most abundant renewable carbon resource on earth and is an indispensable raw material for the wood, paper, and textile industries. A model system to study the mechanism of cellulose biogenesis is the bacterium Acetobacter xylinum which produces pure cellulose as an extracellular product. It was from this organism that in vitro preparations which possessed high levels of cellulose synthase activity were first obtained in both membranous and soluble forms. We recently demonstrated that this activity is subject to a complex multi-component regulatory system, in which the synthase is directly affected by an unusual cyclic nucleotide activator enzymatically formed from GTP, and indirectly by a Ca (2+) -sensitive phosphodiesterase which degrades the activator. The cellulose synthase activator (CSA) has now been identified as bis-(3' 5')-cyclic diguanylic acid (5'G3'p5'G3'p) on the basis of mass spectroscopic data, nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and comparison with chemically synthesized material. We also report here on intermediary steps in the synthesis and degradation of this novel circular dinucleotide, which have been integrated into a model for the regulation of cellulose synthesis.     

豫西早二叠世掌蕨Chiropteris Kurr和髻籽羊齿Nystroemia Halle有机连接标本的发现

基于河南登封早二叠世肾掌蕨Chiropteris reniformis Kawasaki和髻籽羊齿Nystroemia pectiniformis Halle有机连接的标本, 确立了肾髻籽羊齿(新组合)Nystroemia reniformis (Kawasaki) comb.nov.营养叶具长柄, 肾形, 基部心形, 全缘或具细齿; 叶脉细, 多次二歧分叉并结为多边形或菱形细网.生殖枝在苞片腋部着生.苞片与营养叶同形.胚珠器官在叶性器官腋部着生或两者分别不规则地着生于生殖枝的轴上.极多的具翼双角籽倒圆锥形, 呈两列状排列, 珠孔朝上.该植物代表了一种新的已灭绝的裸子植物.     

大别超高压榴辉岩高温高压下地震波速和密度的初步实验研究——对造山带地壳深部组成和莫霍面性质的启示

<正>深部岩石高温高压下物理性质是制约地球物理测深成果解释、建立岩石圈物质组成和结构模式、探讨超高压变质带俯冲和折返机制的先决条件,也是大陆科学钻探先行研究的重要基础性工作.地震各向异性(Seismic anisotropy)和S波分裂(Shear wave splitting)研究已成为揭示岩石圈动力学机制的新方向,但目前有关超高压岩石的实验数据尚十分缺乏例如,目前国际上对榴辉岩地震波速实验研究最详细的成果应属Fountain等1994年对挪威加里东造山带榴辉岩的研究,该研究系统测定了至600MPa不同压力下榴辉岩和有关麻粒岩的P波速度和波速各向异性,但未研究S波以及温度对波速的影响.本文报道了大别超高压榴辉岩及其围岩在高温高压和组构定向条件下精确测定地震P波、S波、波速各向异性、S波分裂、泊松比、密度和体积变化的初步成果,探讨了实验结果在大别超高压带深部结构、组成和莫霍面性质研究中的意义.