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Kris Meerschaert Moe Phyu Tun Eline Remue Ariane De Ganck Ciska Boucherie Berlinda Vanloo Gisèle Degeest Joël Vandekerckhove Pascale Zimmermann Nitin Bhardwaj Hui Lu Wonhwa Cho Jan Gettemans 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2009,66(24):3951-3966
Zonula occludens proteins (ZO) are postsynaptic density protein-95 discs large-zonula occludens (PDZ) domain-containing proteins that play a fundamental role in the assembly of tight junctions and establishment of cell polarity. Here, we show that the second PDZ domain of ZO-1 and ZO-2 binds phosphoinositides (PtdInsP) and we identified critical residues involved in the interaction. Furthermore, peptide and PtdInsP binding of ZO PDZ2 domains are mutually exclusive. Although lipid binding does not seem to be required for plasma membrane localisation of ZO-1, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P 2) binding to the PDZ2 domain of ZO-2 regulates ZO-2 recruitment to nuclear speckles. Knockdown of ZO-2 expression disrupts speckle morphology, indicating that ZO-2 might play an active role in formation and stabilisation of these subnuclear structures. This study shows for the first time that ZO isoforms bind PtdInsPs and offers an alternative regulatory mechanism for the formation and stabilisation of protein complexes in the nucleus. 相似文献
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Richard J. Boucherie 《系统科学与复杂性》2001,(4)
1 IntroductionProduct form queueing networks have regained considerable interest over the last coupleof years. In particular, extensions beyOnd the wellknown JaCkson, BCMP and KellyWhittletyPe networks (e.g., I1--5]) have been establlshed. Extensions include networks with batchmovements (such as [6--10]), networks with negative customers and signalling ([11--17l, amongothers), and assemblytransfer networks ([18, 19]). Transitions ill product form netWOrs nowgeneral1y include multiPle sta… 相似文献
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Soil invertebrate fauna enhances grassland succession and diversity 总被引:38,自引:0,他引:38
De Deyn GB Raaijmakers CE Zoomer HR Berg MP de Ruiter PC Verhoef HA Bezemer TM van der Putten WH 《Nature》2003,422(6933):711-713
One of the most important areas in ecology is to elucidate the factors that drive succession in ecosystems and thus influence the diversity of species in natural vegetation. Significant mechanisms in this process are known to be resource limitation and the effects of aboveground vertebrate herbivores. More recently, symbiotic and pathogenic soil microbes have been shown to exert a profound effect on the composition of vegetation and changes therein. However, the influence of invertebrate soil fauna on succession has so far received little attention. Here we report that invertebrate soil fauna might enhance both secondary succession and local plant species diversity. Soil fauna from a series of secondary grassland succession stages selectively suppress early successional dominant plant species, thereby enhancing the relative abundance of subordinate species and also that of species from later succession stages. Soil fauna from the mid-succession stage had the strongest effect. Our results clearly show that soil fauna strongly affects the composition of natural vegetation and we suggest that this knowledge might improve the restoration and conservation of plant species diversity. 相似文献
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