The influence of habitat features on amphibian distribution in Northeastern Greece

Environmental and isolation variables relating to abundance of breeding amphibians, species richness and community structure at different spatial scales were examined in the Dadia-Lefkimi-Soufli Forest National Park, Evros, Greece. Logistic regression and a generalized linear model were used to relate several habitat characteristics to species occurrence and species richness. The community structure responses to breeding-pond features were examined at four spatial scales using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). The richest communities live in low-altitude ponds, with stony or clay bottoms, high solar exposure and abundant submerged and floating vegetation. The CCA models were significant (p < 0.005) and revealed the influence of altitude, percentage of field and broadleaf forest coverage, and number of water bodies on amphibian species assemblages at all four spatial scales. There is a specific need for holistic management of amphibians that will consider habitat connectivity, particularly between aquatic and terrestrial habitats, at a larger, more interconnected scale.     

基于小波的钦州水稻产量多时间尺度分析与预测

利用小波诊断技术对广西钦州1950～2005年水稻产量和播种面积进行了多时间尺度分析,并利用基于小波的ARIMA模型进行了预测。分析结果表明：56年来,钦州水稻总产量和单位产量波动具有明显的3a、7a和25a特征时间尺度,播种面积7a特征时间尺度主要受农村土地制度改革影响。基于小波的ARIMA模型在水稻产量、播种面积预测方面精度很高,预测误差与气象灾害和土地政策变化有关。利用基于小波的水稻产量多时间尺度分析与预测方法,可以辅助水稻产量增减周期的分析以及对未来趋势的判断,对于结合供求关系合理调整种植面积,促进农业可持续发展提供帮助。     

Comparative morphology of scales of four teleost fishes from Sudan and Yemen

The scale morphology of four teleost fishes, Barbus arabicus, B. exolatus, Labeo niloticus (Cyprinidae), and Lates niloticus (Centropomidae), was studied using both light and scanning electron microscopy. The considerable variation in scale shape on different parts of the body makes it difficult to nominate a typical scale for particular species to be used in taxonomic studies. However, some character states of the inter‐radial denticles, cteni, and the focus area appear to be good taxonomic criteria.     

Nonlinear vibrations of nano-beams accounting for nonlocal effect using a multiple scale method

The nonlinear free transverse vibrations of a nano-beam on simple supports are investigated based on nonlocal elasticity theory.The governing equation is proposed by considering geometric nonlinearity due to finite stretching of the beam.The method of multiple scales is applied to the governing equation to evaluate the nonlinear natural frequencies.Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the analytical results and highlight the contributions of the nonlinear term and nonlocal effect.     

An imperfect imago? Post-mating loss of iridescent scales in Cheimas butterflies may change female from attractive to cryptic (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)

Adults of both sexes of Cheimas opalinus (Staudinger), a Satyrinae butterfly occurring in the cloud forests of the Venezuelan Cordillera de Mérida, have simple wing colour patterns, dark brown dorsa marked by one conspicuous element, large greenish-blue patches in the discal area of the hind wing. It was observed that in young, freshly emerged females these patches are frequently absent. They fade away and eventually disappear during mating and nuptial flights when brushed out by lateral movements of the male’s hind wing put between folded female hind wings. The falling off of the scales is made easy because they do not adhere to the wing as firmly as brown background scales due to their particular folded extremities. We speculate that this process is related to the fitness of the females. Prior to mating, blue-green patches are advantageous because they attract the attention of the opposite sex and enhance the chances of successful mating. After mating they lose their sexual role. Females without the blue-green patches become cryptic. Thus, they are less apparent not only for the males, which helps them avoid sexual harassment, but also for potential bird predators. Additionally, the loss of blue reflecting scales may speed up the warming up of the abdomen and egg maturation. In the males, positive role of the patches (signalling), and negative (bird attraction), is balanced during their entire life span, and they fade gradually due to regular usage of wings scaling in flight. Our hypothesis is supported by morphological, optical, experimental and statistical analysis in which we used 509 individuals of both sexes. A similar ratio of young (with undamaged wing) females with or without blue patch was recorded, whereas in the males no individuals without any trace of blue patch were reported, and a correlation of age (wing damage) and gradual fading off of the patch was demonstrated. Such an adaptation involving an active change of the appearance of adults, i.e. colour patterns related to sexual selection, has not been reported previously in Lepidoptera.     

时间模上一阶积分边值问题的单调迭代方法

运用单调迭代方法和上下解方法构造了两个单调序列，从上下两个方向分别收敛到一阶积分边值问题。     

时间模上二阶非线性边值问题

文章在f取值不一定为正的条件下，研究时间模上二阶非线性动力方程y^△△（t)-f(t，y^o(t))=0两点边值问题的正解的存在性，得到了两个定理，推广了文[1]的结论．     

时标上的二维时滞动态系统的振动准则

讨论时标上的二维时滞动态系统的解的振动性质,得到的振动准则既适用于二维时滞微分系统和差分系统,也适用于某些二阶时滞动态方程.     

时标上带p-Laplacian算子的m点边值问题正解的存在性

利用 Leggett -Williams 不动点定理的一个扩展定理,研究了时标上的 p -Laplacian 算子多点边值问题至少三个正解的存在性。     

关于四阶率相关与梯度耦合模型的内尺度律与稳定性分析

利用率相关与梯度塑性耦合本构模型,采用简谐波的分析方法及Routh—Hurwitz准则对材料的应变局部化及材料的稳定性进行了研究,得到了四阶耦合模型在一堆情况下的内尺度律的变化及材料稳定性的关系,得到了波长变化的下界及材料稳定性的条件;在此基础上,研究了特殊的四阶耦合模型在一维情况下的内尺度律的变化与材料的稳定性的关系,并对其进行了对比研究,得到材料稳定点移动的规律．