土地整理对区域景观格局的影响——以湖北省安陆市辛榨乡基本农田整理项目为例

土地整理是区域景观变化的主要驱动力之一,其生态影响可以通过景观格局的变化表现出来．结合国家投资基本农田整理项目的空间数据与属性数据。选取景观单元特征指数、景观多样性指数、景观破碎化指数等三大类指数与9小类指标,在AutoCAD与MapGIS平台上提取与处理空间数据和属性数据。并计算出各指标量整理前后的变化．结果表明：土地整理后斑块密度指数减少,景观多样性指数降低,破碎度指数减小,水田的优势度增高且更具有连通性,景观异质程度下降,景观类型有向单一化和非均衡化方向发展的趋势。景观中各类型斑块在空间上的分布也出现非均衡化．     

间歇生产中过程调度的建模与分析

过程调度在间歇生产过程中起着非常重要的作用。针对过程调度的特点,我们建立了UIS中间存储策略下的间歇过程调度的混合整数规划(MILP)模型和时间Petri网模型,并分别采用Lindo和Hpsim1_1仿真工具对模型进行仿真实现。结果表明,对小规模问题,两种模型都能较好地解决,但前者约束多且描述复杂,而后者以图形化的工具描述单元间的逻辑关系,更适合调度系统的性能分析。     

The extent of coral bleaching in Rodrigues, 2002

The reefs of Rodrigues were some of the few reef areas in the Indian Ocean to escape the mass coral bleaching event of 1997–1998. However, during the last 2 weeks of February 2002 Rodrigues experienced sea-water temperatures over 30°C, clear skies and calm seas. Rapid assessments of the degree of coral bleaching and coral mortality were carried out at 22 sites around the coast of Rodrigues during March 2002. The surveys showed that the bleaching event in Rodrigues was not widespread, occurring at less than one-third of the sites surveyed and that coral mortality was restricted to sites in the north and west of the island. Where mortality did occur, it was severe, affecting up to 75% of corals at some sites. Coral species most vulnerable were Acropora cytherea and Acropora abrotanoides, which suffered up to 100% mortality. These colonies were still standing and had been very recently overgrown with turf algae. At present the reefs around Rodrigues are in good health, however, they are being impacted by over-fishing and sedimentation, and proposed developments have the potential to cause further damage to the reefs. It is likely that stressed corals will recover from bleaching events more slowly. It is therefore important that the coral reefs in Rodrigues are adequately protected from human impacts in order to increase their chances of surviving future bleaching events.     

Foraging by the flower-dwelling spider,Misumenops argenteus (Thomisidae), at high prey density sites

In this study, the foraging sites of the crab spider Misumenops argenteus on Trichogoniopsis adenantha (Asteraceae) were investigated over a 2-year period. The choice of sites was examined in relation to prey density in rainy and dry seasons, in leaves versus stems, reproductive branches versus vegetative branches, and in flowerheads in different phenophases. Misumenops argenteus generally occupied sites where the prey frequency was high, indicating that this species was able to evaluate the quality of the foraging sites, as predicted by optimal foraging theory. One exception to the rule was that adult males occurred at all sites, independently of prey density, as also observed in other spider species in which males search for females and not for prey. In addition, young (third and fourth instar) spiders occupied flowerheads with few prey, but which provided shelter.     

单点馈电椭圆形微带贴片圆极化天线的分析与设计

利用椭圆微带贴片的几何轴比接近于1,将椭圆贴片看成是圆形贴片,加上一些微扰⊿S,采用圆形微带腔内的模式分析,推导出了便于工程应用的椭圆形微带贴片圆极化天线的设计公式。井据此设计了三公分椭圆形微带贴片圆极化天线元,获得了满意的结果。     

应用APLAC对有覆盖层微带贴片天线研究

采用时域有限差分法软件模拟具有覆盖层微带贴片天线，求解出与实验结果有极好的吻合的谐振频率，讨论了不同介质覆盖和空气隙对3GHz向带贴片天线谐振率影响。     

Modulation of presynaptic nAChRs on postsynaptic GABA receptor in optic tectum of juvenile<Emphasis Type="Italic">Xenopus</Emphasis>

Using the blind patch-clamp technique with the whole-cell mode,we have studied the modulation presynaptic receptor on postsynaptic γ-raminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor measuring miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs)in optic tectum of Xenopus during critical peroid.It was demonstrated that compared with mature neurons,mIPSCs recorded from immature neurons had smaller amplitude and longer decay time.mIPSCs are mediated by GABAa receptor.The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists(carbachol,cytisine,nicotine,DMPP and so on) could increase the frequency of mIPSCs.The enhancement of mIPSCs frequency induced by nAChR agonists was calcium-dependent.However,the choline,a product of hydrolyzed acetylcholine,could not increase the frequency of mIPSCs.DH-β-E,a competitive antagonist of nAChR,blocked the increase of mIPSCs frequency induced by carbachol.Mecamyllamine,an α3β4 subtype of nAChR antagonist,also blocked the carbachol-induced enhancement of mIPSCs.On the other hand,MLA,α7 subtype of nAChR antagonist,had no effect on it .Thus,it seems that nAChR could presynaptically modulate the mIPSCs and α3β4 subtype of nAChR might be involved.But α7 nAChR subtype of nAChR would not be involved.The modulation is calcium-dependent.Meanwhile,we found that Ca^2 -free solution could elicit giant PSCs.The frequency of mIPSCs also is related with the level of HP.     

基于面片收缩操作的模型简化算法

在论述LOD技术基本原理和复杂物体模型常用简化算法的基础上,提出一种基于面片收缩操作的模型简化算法.通过分析该算法的几何原理,构建三角形面片的权值计算公式.根据权值计算结果,对权值最小的三角形面片执行面片收缩操作.在3ds max中应用脚本语言对算法进行编程,实验结果表明,简化模型在复杂性大为降低的情况下,仍能保持良好的视觉效果.     

等值线图数据采集与处理软件的研制

本文从曲面造型设计工作需要出发,提出一种曲面的平面等高线图拟合及展开曲面的算法,并开发了等高线图数据采集与处理的软件。     

自适应偶数曲面细化

针对二分半规则曲面细化自适应性不足的缺陷,提出一种新的自适应偶数曲面细化方法,通过在顶点着色器中设计新的顶点调控函数控制顶点偏移,解决边界裂缝问题;并采用参数区域划分子区域的方法,解决函数坐标轴方向不一致引起的浮点误差问题,将细化因子集合从2n扩展到2n形式;利用偶数细化层次递增关系,优化参数几何数据布局,达到层次间顶点和索引双重用. 实验分析表明,在同等细化测度下,本文方法细化因子更接近于细化测度,曲面细化过渡更匀称,绘制面片规模由幂指数级降到线性级,绘制性能提高在20%以上,是一种可行有效的硬件网格细化模式扩展.