Three new species of Gammarus from Shaanxi,China (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Gammaridae)

Three new species, Gammarus shenmuensis n. sp., G. murarius n. sp. and G. martensi n. sp. are described, based on the collections from the Shaanxi Province of China. The morphological characters that distinguish these different species are presented. Distribution data on these gammarids are also given.     

蓬莱19-3平台溢油事故对渤海大型底栖生物群落结构的长期影响

【目的】研究渤海海域底栖生物群落状况,探明2011年发生的蓬莱19-3平台溢油事故对该海域底栖生物群落结构的长期影响。【方法】根据2014年夏季对渤海海域32个站位底栖生物的采样调查资料,并与历史数据进行比较,分析渤海海域底栖生物的群落结构、物种组成和底质状况。【结果】渤海海域32个站位共鉴定出大型底栖生物191种,其中多毛类环节动物83种,甲壳动物40种,软体动物42种,棘皮动物15种,其它类群动物11种。优势种为凸壳肌蛤(Musculus senhousei)。调查海域大型底栖生物平均丰度为676.88ind/m2,变化范围为15~11 555ind/m2,低于溢油前水平;平均生物量为30.77g/m2,变化范围为0.09~141.55g/m2,高于溢油前水平。生物量的主要贡献者为棘皮动物,丰度的主要贡献者为软体动物,底栖生物群落结构的小型化有减缓趋势。Shannon-Wiener物种多样性指数、Margalef物种丰富度指数和Pielou物种均匀度指数平均值分别为3.11±1.20,2.89±1.40和0.82±0.22。ABC曲线显示渤海海域正处于中度扰动状态,溢油区各站位ABC曲线均显示底质状况较好,但个别站位生物量起点较低且曲线整体偏左,说明有向中度干扰发展的趋势。【结论】溢油事故3年后,受溢油影响的底栖生物群落已得到不同程度的恢复。     

Cienfuegia gen. nov. (Xyalidae) and Pseudoterschellingia gen. nov. (Linhomoeidae), two new genera of free‐living marine nematodes from the Caribbean Sea

Two new genera of nematodes are described from the Caribbean Sea. Cienfuegia gen. nov. belongs to the Xyalidae based on the position of the anterior gonad constantly left of the intestine, cuticle clearly striated, second and third circle of anterior sensilla inserted at the same level and buccal cavity surrounded by pharynx. The new genus is differentiated from other genera by the buccal cavity divided in two chambers and by the four cephalic setae being longer than the six outer labial setae. Within the Xyalidae, Cienfuegia shows most affinities with the genera Daptonema and Theristus. Pseudoterschellingia gen. nov. is placed within the Linhomoeidae on the basis of the presence of anterior rounded amphidial fovea, unarmed narrow buccal cavity, distinctive cardia and presence of apophysis of gubernaculum. Pseudoterschellingia is closely related to the genera Terschellingia and Terschellingioides, but is differentiated by the crypto‐spiral amphidial fovea, and conical buccal cavity surrounded by pharyngeal tissue.     

A key to Neodohrniphora (Diptera: Phoridae), parasites of leaf-cutter ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

A key to the females of Neodohrniphora Malloch is provided. A species referred to as Apocephalus sp. by Eibl-Eibesfeldt and Eibl-Eibesfeldt (1967) is assigned to N. attae sp. nov., and to a newly designated subgenus Eibesfeldtphora for the N. curvinervis (Malloch) group of species. Neodohrniphora frontalis (Curran) is confirmed as a synonym of N. (E). curvinervis. The paratype of N. (N.) acromyrmecis Borgmeier differs from the lectotype, and is reassigned to N. (N.) similis Prado. A new subgenus, Wallerphora, is designated for N. (W.) mexicanae sp. nov. from Mexico.     

Spatial and temporal distribution of breeding anurans in streams in southeastern Brazil

Anuran communities were studied at eight permanent forest streams located in a preserved site in southeastern Brazil, from August 2003 to October 2004. Nineteen species were recorded in six families: Bufonidae (two), Centrolenidae (one), Cycloramphidae (one), Hylidae (12), Hylodidae (two), and Leiuperidae (one). Twelve species exhibited calling activities during the study period and 10 of these were assumed to be reproductively active. The number of species present in streams was negatively related to stream volume. The composition of anuran assemblages was related to stream volume and structural complexity of the streamside habitat. Levels of dissimilarity between anuran communities from different streams were not related to the geographical distance separating these streams. Rainfall and mean monthly temperatures were not related to anuran species diversity per month, which may be due to forested sites providing appropriate conditions for reproduction for many species year‐round and favouring anuran species with long breeding periods. The results obtained indicate that streams of varied sizes, as well as streamside habitats, should be preserved in order to maintain anuran diversity.     

四平转山湖水库地区物种区系初步调查研究（Ⅱ）

本文作者在2000年6－10月期间对吉林省四平转山湖水库地区昆虫物种区系做了初步的调查和研究，在5种不同生境中先后8次进行定量调查和采集，共采集标本5000余只，经初步整理和鉴定，得11目，86科，181属，231种。本文报道了其中的6目，35科，70种。     

基于土地功能的土地资源承载力研究——以北京市海淀区为例

从土地功能的角度研究了土地资源承载力,在理论基础上建立了土地资源承载力评价指标体系并以北京市海淀区为例进行了实证研究.结果表明:2003—2008年间海淀区土地资源承载力总体呈上升趋势,其中土地生产功能承载力增幅最大;土地生产功能承载力占海淀区土地资源承载力的45.67%,可见它是海淀区土地资源最主要的功能.     

中国大疣蛛属一新种(蜘蛛目,六疣蛛科)

记述了我国六疣蛛属一新种，命名为版纳大疣蛛（Macrothele bannaensis sp.nov.)，文中量度单位为mm，模式标本保存在湖南省生物研究所，版纳大疣蛛，新种Macrothele bannaensis sp.nov.（图Ⅰ，1-6）正模♀，云南省景洪市西双版纳自然保护区勐仑，1997年11月26日，颜亨梅采；副模4♀♀，采集地点、时间及采集人同上；1♀，采集地点同上，1999年6月26日，徐湘采。正模♀，体长16.00mm，头脑部长5.33mm，宽4.13mm；腹部长8.67mm，宽6.25mm。本新种及触形大疣蛛Macrothele palpator Pocock,1901相似，但有以下不同：1）阴门明显不同（图Ⅰ，6）；2）前者下唇宽约为长的2倍，而后者的下唇宽至多为长的1.5倍，长宽差别不如前者的显著；3）疣突数量不同，前者在下唇及颚叶上的疣突远远少于后者的（图Ⅰ，3)。