Haversian bone-mimicking bioceramic scaffolds enhancing MSC-macrophage osteo-imunomodulation

The interaction between immune cells and bone forming cells plays a vital role in maintaining the homeostasis of the skeletal system, and is regulated by the three-dimensional structure of tissues. Whether the construction of biomaterials can activate or reproduce this spatial “cross-talk” between immune cells and bone forming cells in bone natural formation process is a prerequisite for successful fracture healing and bone regeneration. Herein, a bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)/macrophages-laden Haversian bone-mimicking bioceramic scaffold was successfully prepared through the biomimetic design of biomaterials and 3D printing technology. MSCs and macrophages were respectively distributed in the cancellous bone and Haversian canals of the scaffold to simulate the three-dimensional structure regulation of the cell spatial distribution and multiple intercellular interaction in natural bone tissue, and worked in concert to modulate the scaffold material-mediated osteo-immune microenvironment. The in vitro study revealed that the pro-inflammatory response of macrophages was more significantly inhibited when distributed with MSCs in the scaffolds at a cell ratio of 0.5:1 for co-culture, in comparison with multicellular culture at other ratios and unicellular culture. Meanwhile, MSCs exhibited the relatively high osteogenic potential, most likely via the activation of certain key signaling pathways mediated by macrophages-derived paracrine signaling mediators (OSM, BMP-2, and WNT10b). This work not only establishes a bionic platform for the regulation of multicellular osteo-immune response and regeneration but also offers a promising tissue-engineered biomimetic scaffold with improved immunomodulatory function for promoting bone tissue regeneration.     

MTMR14基因缺失促进小鼠成肌细胞增殖和分化

为研究磷酸肌醇磷酸酶肌管相关蛋白14(MTMR14)在骨骼肌发生中的作用,通过组织切片和细胞培养技术研究了MTMR14敲除对骨骼肌的组织结构、成肌细胞分化和增殖的影响.结果表明:MTMR14敲除小鼠的腓肠肌和比目鱼肌的结构较同窝野生型小鼠产生了明显变化,MTMR14敲除小鼠的成肌细胞的分化和增殖成肌小管过程较野生型显著加快.MTMR14基因敲除后小鼠肌管细胞中平均细胞核数显著增加.故MTMR14基因缺失/敲除导致骨骼肌组织结构异常,干扰了骨骼肌肌肉发生过程中的成肌细胞的增殖和分化.     

汽车自适应巡航系统中电子节气门的精确控制

在改装的捷达GTX轿车上研究ACC系统中电子节气门的控制策略.在控制方法中综合应用了多种PID算法,针对直流力矩电机机械特性对控制策略进行了优化,通过单片机的输出比较通道产生PWM以控制电机.通过实验台和实车试验,证明基于该控制策略开发电子节气门控制器的控制效果良好.     

基于PID神经网络自动换挡过程油门调速

提出了一种在AMT换挡过程中运用PID神经网络进行油门调速的方法.通过台架实验,建立了东风康明斯EQB235-20柴油发动机的油门实验模型,同时在Matlab平台上对PID神经网络进行训练,使其输出逼近理想油门实验模型.将训练后的PID神经网络移植入ECU,进行发动机调速实验.实验表明,PID神经网络有响应速度快、鲁棒性好、收敛特性好的特点,提高了车辆的自适应能力.     

青钱柳雌、雄花芽分化进程的形态解剖特征观察

通过物候学观察结合石蜡切片技术,研究了青钱柳雌先型植株雌雄花芽分化过程中外部形态的变化和内部解剖结构的对应关系。研究表明:雄花发育可分为花药及花药壁的发育、小孢子发育和雄配子体发育3个阶段,与之对应的形态变化表现为花序伸长和小花膨大、苞片开裂至花药变黄色;雌花发育可分为雌蕊分化期、胚珠发育、大孢子发育及雌配子体发育,相应的形态变化表现为小花原始体出现和膨大、露出柱头、花柱伸长和变成深绿色。由此可见雌、雄花芽的外部形态指标变化可以直观反映出内部结构的变化,并可用来判断花芽分化的各个时期。另外,还探讨了影响青钱柳结实的可能原因是雌雄异熟性、结实母树群体大小及群体中雌先型植株和雄先型植株的比例。     

无线网中面向TCP友好的拥塞控制算法

在LDA协议的基础上,提出一种改进的端到端无线网TCP友好拥塞控制算法（WIAD＋）。WLDA＋根据无线中的拥塞用一种类似于处于丢包和延迟状态的TCP连接的方式来调节发送者的传输行为。考虑到无线网的特殊性,WLDA＋加进了错误区分模式来监测无线网中丢包。通过模拟实验评价了WLDA＋模式的性能。实验结果表明应用错误区分模式能有效地达到无线网的拥塞控制。     

知识管理与数字化服务的实践与思考

进入数字图书馆时代,知识管理较好地解决了严重制约数字化服务水平提高的管理模式与服务主体不匹配的矛盾,有利于构建知识发现与创新的知识管理,更好地实现图书馆的资源导航和服务。     

高压静电场对蒙古黄芪愈伤组织增殖和分化的影响

蒙古黄芪愈伤组织经场强为±1.0 kV/cm的高压静电场处理后生长速率明显提高,超氧化物酶(SOD)活性,过氧化氢酶(CAT) 活性和蛋白含量明显高于对照,过氧化物酶(POD)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)氧化酶活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量明显降低.正负高压静电场处理的结果存在着明显差异,正高压静电场能够有效地促进蒙古黄芪愈伤组织芽的分化,而负高压静电场能够有效地促进根的分化.     

Receiving mixed signals: uncoupling oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination

The development and maturation of an oligodendroglial cell is comprised of three intimately related processes that include proliferation, differentiation, and myelination. Here we review how proliferation and differentiation are controlled by distinct molecular mechanisms and discuss whether differentiation is merely a default of inhibited proliferation. We then address whether differentiation and myelination can be uncoupled in a similar manner. This task is particularly challenging because an oligodendrocyte cannot myelinate without first differentiating, and these processes are therefore not mutually exclusive. Is it solely the presence of the axon that distinguishes a differentiated oligodendrocyte from a myelinating one? Uncoupling these two processes requires identifying specific signals that regulate myelination without affecting the differentiation process. We will review current understanding of the relationship between differentiation and myelination and discuss whether these two processes can truly be uncoupled.