Copepodid stages of laboratory-reared Astericola asterinae (Bocquet, 1952) (Copepoda,Poecilostomatoida, Lichomolgidae), a copepod associated with Asterina gibbosa (Pennant, 1777) of Lake Faro (Messina)

We describe the five copepodids of Astericola asterinae (Bocquet, 1952) a poecilostomatoid copepod (family Lichomolgidae), reared in the laboratory. It shows only very slight sexual dimorphism in the third segment of C5 maxilliped. Our study of the copepodid development, together with the observations of Carton (1964), Bocquet et al. (1970) and Conradi et al. (1993), support the separation of A. asterinae from its sister species A. clausi (Rosoll, 1889).     

Three new species of the genus Normanella Brady (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from the Gulf of Mexico

Three new species of Normanellidae are described from the Texas coast, Gulf of Mexico. Normanella texana sp. nov. has limited areolated patterns on the cephalothorax, short P5 exopod and endopod, short caudal ramus and short caudal seta VI-V. Normanella brevispina sp. nov. is characterized by its relatively long caudal rami, and areolated rostrum. Normanella chanhoi sp. nov. has well-developed areolated patterns on the cephalothorax, six-segmented antennule and a smooth apical margin of the rostrum. N. texana belongs to the bolini -lineage, and N. brevispina to the minuta -lineage. Normanella chanhoi establishes a new lineage of its own.     

野外大熊猫粪便中内寄生虫病的研究

自1985年11月至1988年12月.我们对四川省的27个县、市和8个自然保护区及甘肃省的文县和白水河自然保护区的不同海拔、不同地域的野外大熊猫粪便共计2680份.每份称取适量粪便,用沉淀法和漂浮法(漂浮液为硫酸镁饱和溶液)进行检查。检查结果,在1505份粪便内发现有西氏蛔虫(Ascaris schroederi)卵,感染率56.15%;在121份粪便内发现熊弓蛔虫(Toxas-caris seleactis)卵,阳性率4.51%;在13份粪便中发现槽盘吸虫(Ogmocotyle sp.)卵,感染率0.48%;在3份粪便中发现圆形线虫(Strongylata)卵,感染率0.11%,在1份粪便内发现肺线虫幼虫,阳性率0.04%。调查结果表明,西氏蛔虫是大熊猫体内寄生虫的优势种,而且不同地区,不同海拔高度和不同年龄的大熊猫感染情况无明显差别。因此,对大熊猫西氏蛔虫的进一步研究是保护大熊猫的一大课题。     

硬序重寄生的生活习性

对中国云南一山地针阔叶混交林区的初步调查和观察表明：颤香料重寄生植物只有硬序重寄生一个种;该植物是全寄生性的专性重寄生植物,黄褐色,主要寄生于显脉松寄生上,生活在灌木层和乔木冠层之间以及稀疏林的茎干和大柱上。硬序重寄生为细小灌木,雌雄异株,植体在寄主体外部分1年生,但在寄生主体内部分可能多年生;有寄生位置移动现象,其花或果实着生密度较大,全年内都有花和果实成熟。种子传播媒介是鸟类,花粉传播媒介可能是蚂蚁,硬序重寄生的生活习性与生态金字塔等生物学规律,以及与以寄主和传播种子与花粉的鸟,虫的达应性密切相关。     

矢尖蚧蚜小蜂种群数量动态及其自然控制作用

矢尖蚧蚜小蜂(Aphytis yanonensis DeBach et Rosen)是矢尖蚧未产卵雌成虫的一种体外寄生蜂。主要以幼虫越冬。贵阳花溪地区7—8月和10—11月是该蜂发生的两个主要时期。寄生率叶片高于枝条、叶面高于叶背。全年的寄生率最高峰出现在11月、最低峰出现在6月。     

Harpacticoid copepods (Thalestridae) infesting the cultivated Wakame (brown alga,Undaria pinnatifida) in Korea

Two species of thalestrid harpacticoid: Amenophia orientalis n. sp. and Parathalestris infestus n. sp., are described based on specimens collected from Soando Island in Korea. These copepods infest the cultivated brown alga, Wakame, Undaria pinnatifida (Harvey), producing galls with pinholes (0·5–1·1.5 mm in diameter) on the fronds, midribs, and sporophylls. A. orientalis outnumbered P. infestus in all of the observed incidences; however, the fecundity of the latter species is twice that of the former.     

Copepodid stages of Lichomolgus forficula Thorell 1859 (Copepoda,Poecilostomatoida, Lichomolgidae), a copepod associated with Phallusia mammillata (Cuvier, 1815)

The five copepodids of Lichomolgus forficula, a poecilostomatoid copepod (family Lichomolgidae), are described. Sexual dimorphism first occurs in copepodid V in which the male maxilliped, unlike that of female, shows a row of spinules on its second segment. Changes of leg armatures during copepodid development are discussed.     

Biogeography and phylogeny of Paraergasilus Markevich, 1937 (Copepoda: Ergasilidae) with descriptions of two new species from the gills of grey mullet

Two new species of Paraergasilus are reported from the gills of four species of grey mullet (Mugilidae). Paraergasilus dichotomus n. sp. was recorded on M. cephalus Linn. from New South Wales, Australia. Paraergasilus curtus n. sp. was found on the same host in Western Australia, on Valamugil cunnesius (Valenciennes) from the Philippines, on Valamugil seheli (Forsskal) from Sri Lanka and on Liza macrolepis (Smith) from Socotra, Yemen. Both new species differ from congeners in possessing a bifid antennary claw. The distribution of Paraergasilus species is summarized and the host specificity of Paraergasilus species is examined. Phylogenetic analysis of the relationships between Paraergasilus species indicated that there are two main lineages within the genus.