Dust storm in Asia continent and its bio-environmental effects in the North Pacific： A case study of the strongest dust event in April, 2001 in central Asia

The iron hypothesis, first proposed by John Martin in 1990[1], suggests that some surface oceans such as North and Equatorial Pacific Oceans have high nutrient but low chlorophyll (HNLC). Thus iron coming from terrestrial dusts is the primary factor limit…     

Numerical simulation of the sensitivity of the Pacific subtropical-tropical meridional cell to global warming

Sensitivity of the Pacific subtropical-tropical meridional cell to global warming is examined by using a global ocean-atmosphere coupled model developed at LASG/IAP. Results indicate that associated with the increasing of atmospheric carbon dioxide, the most prominent signals of global warming locate at high latitudes, and the change of middle and low latitudes, in particular the surface wind, is relatively weak, which leads to a weak response of the Pacific subtropical-tropical meridional cell. At the time of atmospheric carbon dioxide doubling, the change of the meridional cell strength is smaller than the amplitude of natural variability.     

云南降水场与太平洋海温场典型相关分析

 利用典型相关理论分析云南省5月份降水场与头年5月至当年4月各月太平洋热带海温距平场之间的关系,得出一些有意义的结果.并通过1994～1995年的预报,效果较理想.     

Modeling studies on the changes of the Subtropical High over the Western Pacific during the last 100 years

Intensity index series of Subtropical High over the Western Pacific was constructed according to modeling results by using of CCM3.6 atmospheric model with climatologically SST forcing for 30 years, and with observed SST forcing from 1900 to 2000. The index series constructed by modeling closely correlated to the observations for 1951-1999 (c.c. 0.72) and to the statistically reconstructed one for 1900-1950 (c.c. 0.51). The index series for 1900-1999 showed significant 80 a and 40 a periodicity. A minimum of persistence in seasonal variations of the index occurred in Autumn, which was called "Autumn Barrier". It may relate to the "Spring Barrier", found in the seasonal variations of SST over the Eastern Equatorial Pacific. The increasing trend shown in the index series for the 20th century may associate with the global warming caused by enhancement of greenhouse effect.     

盐雾胁迫下杜英等树种生理特性的变化

以饱和NaCl溶液模拟盐雾胁迫对杜英等11个树种在盆栽条件下测定叶片叶绿素含量、SOD活性、MDA含量和游离脯氨酸含量4项生理指标动态变化状况。结果表明,不同树种耐盐雾性因胁迫时间长短存在明显差异,其中盐雾胁迫1d时,11个树种中耐盐雾性由强至弱排序依次为木荷、杜英、晚松、南酸枣、杨梅、马尾松、香樟、二次结实板栗、湿地松、玉环长柿和枫香;当盐雾胁迫3d时,11个参试树种中晚松、杨梅、耐盐雾性较强,枫香最弱;而当盐雾胁迫维持时间达6d时,则11个参试树种中木荷、杨梅耐盐雾性最强,枫香依然最弱。     

^226Ra evidence for the ecosystem shift over the past 40 years in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre

Surface seawater was collected for ~(226)Ra measurement in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre from July to October, 1999 and October to December, 2003. Combined with the historical data reported for this sea area, a declined trend of surface ~(226)Ra concentrations was observed since 1960s, indicating the ecosystem shift in response to global warming. On one side, the enhanced stratification of the upper water column resulting from global warming reduced the ~(226)Ra input from the depth, on the other, the temporal increase of biological production resulting from the climate-related ecosystem structure change strengthened the ~(226)Ra removal from the surface ocean. Both the physical and biological processes resulted in the decrease of surface ~(226)Ra concentrations in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. The temporal trend of surface ~(226)Ra concentrations was consistent with the trends of chlorophyll a, silicate, phosphate and primary production previously reported. This study provided ~(226)Ra evidence for the ecosystem shift under global change.     

Relationship between the tropical cyclone genesis over the Northwest Pacific and the sea surface temperature anomalies

Using the tropical cyclone (TC) data derived from the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) and the sea surface temperature data derived from the Joint Environmental Data Analysis Center (JEDAC) at the Scripps Institute of Oceanography from January 1955 to December 2000, we analyzed the relationship between the TC genesis over the Northwest Pacific (NWP) and the sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) over the Pacific basin. A long-term trend indicated that the highest frequency of monthly TC genesis appeared earlier and the annual genesis sum increased gradually during the last half century with some oscillations. No significant synchronous correlation was found between the NWP TC events and the SSTA over the Pacific basin, while the annual sum of TC genesis was closely related with the SSTA averaged from the first three months (January, February and March) of the year in the equatorial western and eastern Pacific and over mid-high latitudes of the North Pacific. The results implied that there are an interannual El Nio SSTA mode in the equatorial western and eastern Pacific and an interdecadal SSTA mode in the northern Pacific, which affected the TC genesis. A regression analysis between the first three-month SSTA and the annual TC sum based on two time scales was conducted. The correlation coefficient between simulated and observed TC sums reached a high value of 0.77.     

Relationship between the tropical cyclone genesis over the Northwest Pacific and the sea surface temperature anomalies

Using the tropical cyclone (TC) data derived from the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) and the sea surface temperature data derived from the Joint Environmental Data Analysis Center (JEDAC) at the Scripps Institute of Oceanography from January 1955 to December 2000, we analyzed the relationship between the TC genesis over the Northwest Pacific (NWP) and the sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) over the Pacific basin. A long-term trend indicated that the highest frequency of monthly TC genesis appeared earlier and the annual genesis sum increased gradually during the last half century with some oscillations. No significant synchronous correlation was found between the NWP TC events and the SSTA over the Pacific basin, while the annual sum of TC genesis was closely related with the SSTA averaged from the first three months (January, February and March) of the year in the equatorial western and eastern Pacific and over mid-high latitudes of the North Pacific. The results implied that there are an interannual El Nio SSTA mode in the equatorial western and eastern Pacific and an interdecadal SSTA mode in the northern Pacific, which affected the TC genesis. A regression analysis between the first three-month SSTA and the annual TC sum based on two time scales was conducted. The correlation coefficient between simulated and observed TC sums reached a high value of 0.77.     

情与理之间：《太平洋》杂志对临城劫车案的评论

20世纪20年代中国自由主义知识分子在国力衰颓、内乱不堪的背景下，对于列强的干涉怀着相当复杂和矛盾的态度，同时对本民族和国家最终能否通过自治和振作走出失败的谷底，又充满了焦虑和期待之情。从《太平洋》对临城劫车案的评论上，这种情感和理性之间的张力尤为明显。无论对外主张，以及实现民族主义目标，自由派知识分子与激进民族主义者有着明显的分歧。     

太平洋内区经向热输送的季节变化分析

为刻画整个太平洋内区经向热输送的基本特征及其季节变化,并初步探讨变化的原因,基于Argo温盐资料,利用P矢量法反演了太平洋的绝对地转流(AGC),并结合Ekman流,分析了年平均和季节平均的经向热输送。结果显示,在13°S~13°N,经向热输送主要由Ekman经向热输送控制,季节变化显著,且南北半球变化相反,北半球1-3月有北向输送最大值,8-10月当经向热输送转为南向时,Ekman经向热输送达到最小;南北太平洋经向热输送的季节变化存在显著的不对称特征,北太平洋的明显强于南太平洋,低纬度海域的明显大于高纬度海域。分析表明,经向热输送的季节变化与纬向风应力的变化直接相关,由于未能有效包含西边界流及赤道区域,对比前人的研究结果后推测,西边界流和赤道流在维持南北太平洋经向热输送的平衡中扮演了重要角色。