Can the climate background of western North Pacific typhoon activity be predicted by climate model?

Based on the observation and reanalysis data through 1948-2004, the vertical shear of zonal wind, outgoing Iongwave radiation, and divergence fields in the lower and upper troposphere during summer are revealed to correlate significantly with the concurrent western North Pacific （WNP） typhoon frequency, and they therefore can be regarded as predictors for the WNP typhoon activity anomaly. After that, the 34-year （1970-2003） ensemble hindcast experiments are performed by the nine-level atmospheric general circulation model developed at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics Under the Chinese Academy of Sciences （IAP9L-AGCM）, aiming to investigate the numerical predictability of the summer vertical shear of zonal wind and divergence field in the lower troposphere. It is found that the temporal correlation coefficients between the hindcast and observation are 0.70 and 0.62 for the vertical shear of zonal wind and divergence field, respectively. This suggests that the model possesses a large potential skill for predicting the large-scale climate background closely related to the WNP typhoon activity, and the model is therefore capable of performing the real-time numerical prediction of the WNP typhoon activity anomaly to some extent.     

华南沿海温泉成因探讨

首先分析了华南沿海温泉成因，排除该区多数温泉具局部衰变热，岩浆残余热，断层活动热成因的可能性。重点讨论了地下水深特循环的动力学模型，分析了地下水循环深度（相当于张性断层的规模）和水头压力（相当于地形反差）对泉温和流量的控制作用，并把泉温和流量与理论计算曲线相比，从而得出华南温泉为深循环的成因的结论。分析还得出，较大地形反差和张性大断裂是温泉形成的两个有利条件，如果仅具备其中一个条件，那么张性大断裂（小地形反差）比大地形反差（小断裂）更有利于获得较高泉温。可见，温泉深循环的动力学模型对华南沿海地热资源的预测，开发和利用有一定的指导意义。最后，简要讨论了温泉与地震的关系。     

A three-dimensional mathematical transport model for suspended sediment by waves and currents

Based on the equations of mo mentum and continuity, a general three-dimensional transport model for suspended sediment by waves and currents is developed by respectively decomposing the instantaneous velocities and concentrations into three different time-scale components. The model is composed of two submode ls. One is a three-dimensional flow field submodel including the influence of waves, and the other is a three-dimensional diffusion submodel for suspended sediment due to waves and currents. The purpose of this study is to provide a theoretical model for further investigating sediment transport by waves and currents in estuarial and coastal areas.     

西太平洋暖池区深海沉积物细菌群落结构分析

将传统培养方法与分子生物学方法结合,选取西太平洋暖池区上的5个位点进行深海细菌群落结构分析.变形梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)带型分析表明5个位点的细菌群落结构相似,分子生物学调查得到的15种类型归属于变形细菌(Proteobacteria)的gamma亚群、alpha亚群、beta亚群、delta亚群,其中与硫代谢相关的克隆子数可达14.03%,说明该海域的硫代谢活动较活跃;用培养的方法共获得32株细菌,归属于变形细菌的gamma亚群、beta亚群,革兰氏阳性细菌.两种方法中变形细菌的gamma亚群为沉积物中的优势细菌类群,说明gamma-proteobacteria在太平洋海域有广泛的分布.分离的菌株大多能够在低温环境下产生大分子物质水解酶类,同样说明所调查海域有比较活跃的物质代谢活动.     

Anomalous activity of East Asian winter monsoon and the tropical Pacific SSTA

The relationship between the anomalous East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) activity and the tropical Pacific SST anomalies has been identified using the results of 40-year integration of the IAP CGCM1 model and 10-year observational data. In the strong EAWM year, the western and central Pacific are dominated by positive SST anomalies while the eastern Pacific is negative ones. In the weak EAWM year, the SSTA pattern is quite different and shows El Nino-like SST anomalies. The strong EAWM activity tends to create extra easterly flow to the east and extra westerly flow to the west of the warm SSTA region over the equatorial western and central Pacific, thus leading to the enhancement of convergence and convection of the flow in this region and favorable to the maintenance and development of such an SSTA pattern. On the other hand, the warm SST anomaly over the western and central Pacific, as a forcing, may lead to a specific pattern of the northern extratropical atmosphere, which is favorable to the strong EAWM activity. The tropical Pacific SSTA pattern related closely to the strong EAWM activity differs significantly from that of the La Nina year.     

Geomorphic and hydrodynamic responses in salt marsh-tidal creek systems, Jiangsu, China

Salt marsh-tidal creek systems as a coastal geomorphological unit represent an important natural resource. The present study on Jiangsu salt marshes, eastern China, shows that variations in tidal current velocities in salt marsh creeks are controlled by the local tidal wave characteristics and the bed slope and elevation of the salt marshes and creeks. Likewise, the tidal currents modify the geomorphology of the salt marsh-tidal creek systems by transporting sediments and causing erosion/deposition. Storm events, which appear to have cyclical changes in their intensity relating to sunspot activities, can affect the geomorphic evolution of such systems. Further, in response to accelerated sea-level rise, accretional rates on salt marshes may increase. The tidal creeks have the function of transporting water and sediment onto the salt marsh surface; further, the energy of tidal currents and waves are dissipated within the salt marsh-tidal creek system. Hence, this coastal system has a potential value for coastal protection.     

广东省沙质海岸营造防风固沙试验示范林模式研究

进行了适生固沙灌,草的选草,草的选育,栽培以及及减轻沿海热带气旋危害并延缓沙土向内陆移动速度等的研究,营造乔,灌,草综合治试验试验模式示范林,并筛选出防风固沙效果好的4个大麻黄优良无性系,3个灌木和5个适于林带前沿至高潮线沙带种植的草木植物,从林带前沿到农田旱地设置 3道防风屏联,采取这些技术措施后,试验示范林内和林后风速降低了43．5－68．7％,4－5m/s风速已不再起飞沙,林内的自然植被增加,喜湿润的植物生长良好,防风固沙效果显著。     

海西背景下侨乡福清市篮球运动开展特征及发展对策研究

采用问卷调查、文献资料、专家访谈等方法,对侨乡福清市篮球运动开展现状进行调查与研究,分析了福清市篮球运动开展的特征及存在的主要问题,并针对问题提出了一些发展对策,旨在为福清市篮球运动的发展提供一定的理论参考．     

西北太平洋温盐分布的时空尺度分析

为了更清晰地了解西北太平洋的温盐分布特征,基于全球实时海洋观测计划(Argo)浮标观测剖面,利用自相关函数方法,对西北太平洋海域(选取范围为120°E~160°W,10~40°N)温盐分布的时空尺度进行了分析,并通过高斯函数拟合得到了温盐的时空去相关尺度。研究表明,自相关函数随季节和深度发生变化,各层的自相关函数值随着空间增大而降低。表层,夏季温度的空间去相关尺度比冬季大,但时间去相关尺度小;次表层,夏季温度的自相关函数随空间增大迅速递减,空间去相关尺度比冬季小;深层,夏季和冬季的温度时空尺度相近。盐度的季节性变化较温度要小,但盐度的空间变化尺度比温度要大,而时间变化尺度则比温度小。2种要素的信噪比均大于2,可以用来指导精细化观测布网的采样间隔。     

淤泥质海岸河口悬沙回淤模型相似律探讨

在盐水条件下粘性细颗粒泥沙将发生絮凝，基本沉降单元不再是单颗粒泥沙，而是絮团，床面泥沙的起动悬扬特性也不同于粗颗粒泥沙本文主要探讨模拟近海条件下淤泥质港口航道悬沙回淤模型试验相似律，根据细颗粒泥沙动水条件下絮凝沉降特点，提出需要满足的相似条件和相关系，并将之用用皇连云港，厦门港等物理模型，取得较好效果。