螺赢亚科(膜翅目:胡蜂科)分类研究进展 (动物科学)

为便于对中国蜾蠃亚科种类进行系统研究,本文参考《The Zoological Record》以及相关的种类记述文献,对蜾蠃亚科的系统地位、分类研究历史、生物学习性及经济意义等进行简述;同时记述各属的种类数量及各种类在世界六大动物地理区系中的分布情况。从资料整理结果可知,目前,蜾蠃亚科包括205属,共计3 638种、823亚种。该亚科种类世界性分布,其中古北区70属965种283亚种,分别占世界种、亚种数量的26.53%、34.39%;东洋区67属487种146亚种,分别占世界种、亚种数量的13.39%、17.74%;澳洲区45属462种72亚种,分别占世界种、亚种数量的12.70%8、.75%;非洲区79属716种167亚种,分别占世界种、亚种数量的19.68%2、0.29%;新北区29属299种75亚种,分别占世界种、亚种数量的8.23%、9.11%;新热带区58属943种100亚种,分别占世界种、亚种数量的25.92%、12.15%;中国已知45属,共计172种5、0亚种,分别仅占世界已知种、亚种数量的4.73%、6.08%。根据现有种类情况,中国还有大量的蜾蠃种类有待发现。     

Nest cell lining of the solitary beeHylaeus bisinuatus (Hymenoptera: Colletidae)

The nest cell lining ofHylaeus bisinuatus (Hymenoptera: Colletidae) was shown by high-resolution solidstate [¹³C]NMR to be composed of lipid polymer and protein. The lipid polymer was shown by reduction and subsequent GC/MS analysis to be comprised of -hydroxy fatty acids (C₂₀, C₂₂, C₂₄ and C₂₆) and fatty alcohols (C₁₆ to C₃₀). The protein portion of the lining had a silk-like amino acid composition.     

甲腹茧蜂属二新种及一新纪录种(膜翅目:茧蜂科:甲腹茧蜂亚科)

记述了甲腹茧蜂属2新种:弯脉甲腹茧蜂Chelonuscurvinerviussp.nov.,与Ch.annulatusNees,1813相似,但有以下不同:新种后足基节具皱纹(后者光滑或有微弱的皱纹);径脉第1段长于第2段及第2肘间横脉,第3段约为第2段的4倍,径室前缘短于翅痣(后者三段相等,第3段约为第2段的3倍,径室前缘与翅痣等长);颊为复眼纵径的1/3(后者略小于1/2);足色不一样.二色甲腹茧蜂Chelonusbicolorussp.nov.,与Ch.sochiiTobias1986相似,但新种雌性腹部端部黑色(后者棕色);触角22节,基部10节黄色(后者25节,基节黄红色);翅痣棕色,无红色边缘(后者有红色边缘);腹甲扁平,向端部不增厚(后者腹甲下方稍折入);1中国新纪录:华美甲腹茧蜂ChelonusdecorusMarshall1885.     

平腹小蜂属Anastatus两新种记述(膜翅目:旋小蜂科)

本文记述了平腹小蜂属Anastatus两新种短翅平腹小蜂Anastatus(A.)meilingensis sp.nov和黄氏平腹小蜂Anastatus(A.)huangi sp.nov。寄生松毛虫卵,采于江西上饶,玉山,模式标本保存于江西农业大学植保系。     

四种蚁科昆虫的核型分析

选取幼虫或蛹的脑神经节,通过低渗、固定处理,然后镜检分析,对采自桂林市郊的4种蚂蚁,即粗纹举腹蚁Crematogaster artifex Meyr、伊大头蚁Pkeidole yeensis Forel、印度大头蚁Pheidole indica Mayr、平和弓背蚁Camponotus mitis（F．Smith）进行了核型分析．结果表明：粗纹举腹蚁2n=34、伊大头蚁2n=18、印度大头蚁2n=18、平和弓背蚁2n=28;除伊大头蚁的第1条染色体及印度大头蚁的第12条染色体分组为sm型外,其余染色体及另2种的所有染色体分组均为m型．     

中国蚁科昆虫名录——切叶蚁亚科(Ⅲ)

在中国蚁科昆虫名录——切叶蚁亚科()、()记录了27属256种(亚种/变种)的基础上,记录中国切叶蚁亚科Myrmicinae另外14属132种(亚种/变种)。     

甲腹茧蜂属一新种记述

对野外采集的膜翅目甲腹茧蜂属ChelonusPanzer1806进行分类鉴定时，发现一种新：凡甲腹茧蜂ChelonusliubaensisHesp.nov，新种与环甲腹茧蜂Ch.annulatus Nees1813相似，但有以下不同：新种头于眼后圆形收缩，颜面宽为高的1．5倍；并胸腹节无横脊；径脉第3段为第2段的4倍；径节距略短于基付节长的一半；产卵器长而直，伸出腹腔外。模式标本保存在陕西师范大学生命科学学院。     

New deep-sea Poecilochaetidae (Polychaeta: Spionida) from New Zealand

Three Poecilochaetus species occurring in N.Z. waters are described. Poecilochaetus trachyderma n. sp. is similar to P. fulgoris Claparède; P. aff. bermudensis Hartman and P. sp. 3 are previously unrecorded species, but as yet only anterior fragments have been obtained. Setal microstructures were examined by scanning electron microscopy. P. trachyderma and P. aff. bermudensis have distinctive capillary setae with nested spiral palisades of fused spinules. P. aff. bermudensis has hispidpappose capillaries with twin accessory spines. A key to the family is given.     

Biology and immature stages of Panteles schnetzeanus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a parasitoid of Lampronia fuscatella (Lepidoptera: Incurvariidae)

Panteles schnetzeanus (Roman), a parasitoid of the gall‐forming incurvariid moth Lampronia fuscatella (Tengström) and currently placed in the Stilbopinae, is shown to be a solitary koinobiont larval endoparasitoid. The large dark‐pigmented eggs possess a hook‐like tail which is embedded in host tissue, typically at the posterior or anterior end of the host. In cases of superparasitism, which represented 70% of cases, only a single egg hatches. The first instar, prepupa and final larval instar head capsules are described and illustrated. Many differences between the biology of Panteles and of Stilbops are discussed. Circumstantial evidence that suggests that Panteles may have an alternative host is also presented based on the emergence dates for it and the Lampronia together with the size, number and placement of the Panteles eggs. DNA sequence data additionally provide the first record of a eupelmid as attacking a gall‐forming incurvariid/parasitoid system, though it is not clear whether this was an hyperparasitoid on the Panteles or a primary on the incurvariid.     

Notice

Illustrated keys are given for the identification of larval stages of five species of north-east Atlantic Palaemoninae: Palaemon adspersus, P. elegans, P. longirostris, P. serratus and Palaemonetes varians. Larval diagnoses for the subfamily and for early stages are also included. Recent developments in the functional morphology of larval palaemonids especially eyes, swimming and ontogenetic processes are reviewed.