珠江三角洲地区地方病主要类型及研究述评

珠江三角洲地区地方病主要有地氟病、地甲病和肝癌、鼻咽癌。地甲病和地氟病的主要病因可能分别是氟、碘元素。对与氟、碘元素产生颉颃作用、协同作用的元素的研究是进一步厘定地氟病、地甲病与地球化学环境关系的重要方面。作为流行病的肝癌和鼻咽癌的病因尚未探明，需要在前人研究的基础上，开展环境地球化学、医学地质学和多元统计分析等多学科方法的综合研究。     

海水仔稚鱼营养生理与人工微颗粒饲料的研发进展（Ⅰ）：微颗粒饲料的开发

本文综述了国内外近20年来有关海水仔稚鱼用微颗粒饲料开发的研究进展。目的是学习前人的研究成果和经验,为微颗粒饲料的开发提供参考。     

基于曲线路径算法的2D仿真机器鱼水球斯诺克比赛策略

为了提高水中机器人2D仿真平台斯诺克赛项的得分,基于URWPGSim 2D(underwater robot water polo game simulator 2D)仿真平台,采用最短距离和最小旋转角度求和比较的方法,实验得出了机器鱼以不同速度行进时其偏转角度呈奇偶特征,以此研究了其比赛策略和带球算法。在策略上,确定了红球-粉球组合最优、红球进洞顺序为从左到右、红球进中上洞、粉球进左下洞。基于此,确定了一种基于曲线路径的带球算法,给出了中上洞、左下洞带球进洞路径规划,采用虚拟点位和距离阈值的模糊控制理论来实现算法。仿真结果表明：优化后的带球算法效率高,实际比赛效果好,所提出的比赛策略和带球算法可应用于水下机器人运动控制。     

青鱼、草鱼、鲢鱼和鳙鱼鱼头营养成分比较

对人工养殖的青鱼、草鱼、鲢鱼、鳙鱼鱼头常规营养成分含量、矿物质(铜、镁、锌、铁、钙)含量、氨基酸组成及含量进行了检测和分析,旨在比较四大家鱼鱼头营养价值.结果表明,总水分含量由高到低依次为鳙鱼、青鱼、鲢鱼、草鱼;粗蛋白质含量由高到低依次为青鱼、草鱼、鲢鱼、鳙鱼;粗脂肪含量由高到低依次为草鱼、鲢鱼、青鱼、鳙鱼;粗灰分含量以及无氮浸出物含量由高到低均为鲢鱼、草鱼、鳙鱼、青鱼;能值由高到低则依次为草鱼、鲢鱼、青鱼、鳙鱼.矿物质铜和镁含量由高到低为草鱼、鲢鱼、青鱼、鳙鱼;锌含量由高到低为草鱼、青鱼、鲢鱼、鳙鱼;铁含量由高到低为草鱼、鲢鱼、鳙鱼、青鱼;钙含量由高到低为草鱼、鲢鱼、青鱼、鳙鱼.总氨基酸量及必需氨基酸量由高到低均为青鱼、鳙鱼、草鱼、鲢鱼.     

How does contemporary climate versus climate change velocity affect endemic plant species richness in China？

Climate change is considered a top threat to biodiversity, but the relative roles of contemporary climate versus the rate of climate change in determining spatial patterns of biodiversity are far from clear. China has a very diverse flora and harbors a high percentage of endemic species, but the mechanisms underlying spatial patterns of plant endemism are poorly understood. This study explores the geographical patterns of a representative sample of 555 endemic seed plant species at the scale of 0.5° latitude × 0.5°longitude. Ordinary least squares and spatial autoregressive models were compared to assess the relationship between richness of endemics and the rate of climate change in the past century, as well as a group of contemporary climate variables. In China, a high level of endemism was associated with high elevation and low rate of climate change. However, contemporary climate had a stronger impact than climate change velocity in the past century on endemic species richness patterns. Specifically,mean annual precipitation and annual range of temperature were important contemporary climatic factors. The rate of change of annual mean temperature, but not that of annual precipitation, also significantly contributed to the spatial pattern of plant endemic species richness. We found no significant relationship between topographic variation and endemic species richness, while temperature variability at multiple time scales was strongly correlated with the species richness pattern. Future work should consider the direction of climate change and incorporate higher-resolution data.     

论古希腊怀疑主义对专制的消解

古希腊怀疑主义对传统形而上学、认识论和伦理学的颠覆不仅对整个西方哲学产生了极其深远的影响,而且更为重要的是作为一种早期的哲学创设,古希腊怀疑主义对三大领域的批判也消解了专制的形而上学、认识论和伦理基础,进而使得民主的观念和思想一直或隐或现于西方前资本主义时期的历史长河之中。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定鱼肉中丁香酚的残留

研究建立一种鱼肉中丁香酚(eugenol)残留量的固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱检测方法.样品采用正己烷提取,硅胶柱净化,乙酸乙酯洗脱,气相色谱-质谱测定,内标法定量.丁香酚的响应值与其质量浓度在0.005~0.5 mg·L-1范围内的线性关系良好,相关系数为0.999 8;10~200μg·kg-1添加浓度的日内和日间平均回收率为80.6%~93.2%,相对标准偏差为3.47%~8.47%;检出限为5μg·kg-1,最低定量限为10μg·kg-1.该方法适用于鱼肉中丁香酚残留的检测.     

Multimodal swimming control of a robotic fish with pectoral fins using a CPG network

The neural-based approaches inspired by biological neural mechanisms of locomotion are becoming increasingly popular in robot control.This paper investigates a systematic method to formulate a Central Pattern Generator(CPG) based control model for mul-timodal swimming of a multi-articulated robotic fish with flexible pectoral fins.A CPG network is created to yield diverse swim-ming in three dimensions by coupling a set of nonlinear neural oscillators using nearest-neighbor interactions.In particular,a sensitivity analysis of characteristic parameters and a stability proof of the CPG network are given.Through the coordinated con-trol of the joint CPG,caudal fin CPG,and pectoral fin CPG,a diversity of swimming modes are defined and successfully imple-mented.The latest results obtained demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.It is also confirmed that the CPG-based swimming control exhibits better dynamic invariability in preserving rhythm than the conventional body wave method.     

佛山市顺德区基塘农业模式的演变与发展潜力

选择佛山市顺德区作为调查对象,对该区桑基鱼塘分布较多的陈村、谭村和杏坛进行实地调查,分析其基塘农业模式的发展变化与原因,通过遥感技术和A rcG IS技术利用遥感图像对调查地区的基塘农业进行分期对比分析,计算其基塘农业面积的变化,对基塘农业的生态效应、生态优势及其发展前景进行了讨论,提出了基塘农业生态模式将来的发展对策...     

In vitro culture of embryonic hearts from guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata)

Forty embryonic hearts were taken out by anatomical needle from denuded embryos of the ovoviviparity guppy fish that were dechorioned by mechanic method or by trypsin digestion, and werein vitro cultured. In the cultured hearts, 80% have maintained beatingin vitro for 4 weeks, and the longest record for beating was 142 d. Owing to fish embryo transparency, beating frequency and blood color changes are easily viewed from the embryonic hearts under a dissecting microscope. The current study established thein vitro culture method of embryonic hearts in guppy fish, which can be used as a model for the study of heart and cardiovascularf system in vertebrates.