纯水相SEC法分离水溶性小金纳米簇的研究

以纯水为流动相,用PL aquagel-OH 40色谱柱与自动馏分收集器,在Agilent 1100高效液相色谱仪上,对巯基丁二酸(MSA)单层包裹的粒径约1-5 nm的水溶性小金纳米簇进行尺寸排阻色谱(SEC)分离,环境友好,操作简便,重现性好.TEM表征和粒径统计分析表明:在不同洗脱时间收集的金纳米簇馏分与相应的原始样品相比其粒径分布均得到改善,尺寸分布明显窄化.金纳米簇在所用色谱柱上的分离主要按尺寸排阻机制进行.     

Influence of size effect and boundary conditions on temperature overshooting in nanoscale thermal conduction

The temperature overshooting phenomenon in one-dimensional nanoscale heat conduction in thin films is studied for various boundary conditions.The results show that when ballistic heat transport strongly affects the heat transport process,temperature overshooting is more likely to occur.A sudden increase of temperature on only one surface of a thin film cannot trigger temperature overshooting,while symmetric boundary temperature perturbations lead to the largest temperature overshooting.Twodimensional heat conduction is also studied in a nanoscale area.The analytic results show that Fourier’s law may severely underestimate the temperatures in nanofilms as well as in nanoareas when temperature overshooting occurs.     

基于手机切换变化模式的道路匹配方法

应用手机定位技术进行交通数据采集是当前国内外研究的热点，其中道路匹配是技术应用的关键环节之一。本文重点研究如何利用手机发生连续切换变化的通信数据信息进行道路匹配，其基本原理是利用手机在通信网络层的变化模式反推在道路网络层的变化模式，本质上可归结为模式匹配问题。本文主要内容包括：基于手机切换变化模式的道路匹配方法的基本原理和核心思想；界定与GPS坐标定位的道路匹配方法的区别；创新地提出通信网络层变化模式与道路网络层变化模式的关联技术，即道路切换序列标定方法；最后，结合城市中心区某道路的实测手机通信数据进行了实证分析。     

杨树筛管/伴胞复合体细胞程序性死亡的超微结构分析

利用电镜技术研究美洲黑杨次生韧皮部筛管和伴胞发育过程中细胞超微结构的动态变化,观察到筛管和伴胞由同一个次生韧皮部衍生细胞分裂分化形成.筛管的发育历经未成熟期、成熟期和衰退期的变化.未成熟期筛管分子表现为细胞的径向扩展、壁的增厚、筛管质体和P-蛋白质的产生;成熟期筛管分子细胞组分发生选择性自溶,细胞核核质弥散状,核膜不清晰,或核膜清晰而核物质降解,最后细胞核完全解体转化为P-蛋白质类的物质;衰退期筛管分子细胞质完全解体消失,失去功能.在筛管成熟期间,伴胞的细胞质较浓,内含丰富的核糖核蛋白体、线粒体等细胞器,与筛管相连的细胞壁上具有胞间连丝.随着筛管功能的衰退,伴胞表现出典型的细胞程序性死亡特征,细胞质内质网库槽膨大,细胞核核周腔出现,染色质凝聚边缘化,最后细胞完全解体消失.总之,美洲黑杨次生韧皮部筛管发育首先经历了细胞去核化的过程,在维持一段时间的生理功能后细胞质逐渐解体消失,与此同时伴胞细胞核、细胞质降解.笔者推测筛管与伴胞一起作为功能复合体共同完成各自的细胞程序性死亡过程.     

硅太阳电池数学模型

太阳电池的光电特性是由原材料，电池设计结构和相应的加工工艺所决定的。建立太阳电池数掌模型对于太阳电池特性的研究以及太阳电池Ⅰ-Ⅴ曲线的描绘有着重要的意义。本文介绍了几种硅太阳电池工程用模型，这些模型考虑了电池温度和日照强度对输出特性的影响。     

Lakes’ state and abundance across the Tibetan Plateau

Understanding the changes in number and areal extent of lakes,as well as their abundance and size distribution is important for assessments of regional and global water resources,biogeochemical cycles,and changes in climate.In this study,changes in lake area greater than 1 km2are mapped using Landsat datasets,spanning the 1970s,1990,2000,and 2010.In addition,high-resolution images(GeoCover Landsat mosaic 2000,with a pixel size of 14.25 m)are used for the first time to map lakes as small as 0.001 km2across the entire Tibetan Plateau(TP).Results show that the numbers and areal extent of individual lakes[1 km2in size show a slight decrease between the 1970s and 1990,followed by a clear increase from 1990 to 2010.Ninety-nine new lakes are identified between the 1970s and 2010,71 of which are found between 1990 and 2010.This indicates the accelerated glacier melt and/or increased difference of precipitation minus evaporation since the 1990s.More than 80%of the lakes show an increase in their area between the 1970s and2010.The lake census,using 2000 imagery,shows that there are 32,843 lakes with a total area of 43,151.08±411.49 km2,which makes up 1.4%of the total area of the TP.Around 96%of all lakes are small,with an area\1 km2,while the 1,204 large lakes([1 km2)account for96%of the total lake area.The TP is subdivided into 12greater drainage basins,and of these the inner TP dominates in terms of the number of lakes(55.03%),the total area of lakes(66%),and lake density(0.026/km2compared to the mean,0.011/km2).A plot of lake abundance against size shows that the size distribution of lakes departs from a typical power-law distribution,but displays such a distribution at the mean elevation(4,715 m),with an r2value of 0.97 and a slope of-0.66.The slopes of the abundance-size equations from each of the 12 greater basins,and from all basins together,are larger than-1,supporting the inference that larger lakes,rather than the small lakes,contribute more to the total lake surface area across the TP.The lake inventory provided in this study,along with the assessment of lake size distribution,have important implications for estimates of water balance,for water resource management,and for lake area estimations in the TP.     

1,25(OH)2D3对卵巢癌细胞HO8910生长的抑制作用

为探讨1,25-二羟维生素D3[1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3,1,25(OH)2D3]对人卵巢癌细胞HO8910生长和增殖的作用,选用人卵巢癌细胞HO8910进行体外培养。培养时添加不同浓度的1,25-二羟维生素D3,采用MTT比色法测定细胞生长抑制率,采用流式细胞术(flow cytometry,FCM)进行细胞周期及细胞凋亡分析。结果:不同浓度的1,25-二羟维生素D3对HO8910细胞生长均起到不同程度的抑制作用(P<0.05),并呈浓度和时间依赖关系;能使细胞周期时相发生改变,G1期细胞增多(P相似文献   

油菜花序轴薄层培养形态发生研究

油菜花序轴薄层切段在MS培养基上经诱导能产生愈伤组织,再经分化长出不定根与不定芽.本文研究了外植体愈伤组织形成,细胞启动的形态学特征及根芽分化的特点.实验证实花序轴启动部位多在表皮下的皮层薄壁细胞.启动细胞脱分化形成分生细胞团、分生细胞层,进一步长成愈伤组织突起.大多数分生细胞团可直接分化为不定根、不定芽.一般不定根为内起源,但亦有外起源,而不定芽多为外起源.     

影响螺旋藻生物量的因素研究进展

影响螺旋藻生物量的因素作了比较全面的综述，碳源、氮源、光照、温度、pH值、循环速度、溶氧浓度、磁场、激光、各种植物生长调节剂、环境有机毒物等因素对螺旋藻的生物量积累有显著的影响。     

机箱屏蔽设计和屏蔽效果测量

分析了机箱产生电磁泄漏的机理,介绍了机箱电磁屏蔽的设计方法和利用GHz横电磁波室(GTEM Cell)测量机箱屏蔽效果的方法.在GTEM Cell内对采取不同屏蔽措施机箱的屏蔽效果进行了测量,给出了定量的数据.为提高机箱的屏蔽性能,提供了理论依据和实验数据.