Correlations between North Atlantic Oscillation Index in winter and eastern China Flood/Drought Index in summer in the last 530 years

The time series of winter North Atlantic Oscillation Index （NAOI） in the period of 1429-1983 developed by Glueck and summer Flood/Drought Index （FDI） of eastern China in the period of 1470-1999 from I00 stations are used in this paper to study the potential impact of North Atlantic Oscillation on the climate in China. The analysis has explored some significant lag correlations between FDI and NAOI. The maximum positive correlation coefficients between NAOI and area-mean FDI in eastern and northern China lagging 2-3 years reach at 0.001 significance level, and while there are also negative correlation between NAOI and FDI in central and southern China at significance level of 0.05-0.01. The correlation between FDI and NAOI is time-dependent, i.e. the correlation coefficients between two indices vary from period to period. The highest correlation appeared in the period of 1636-1742, around the Little Ice Age, with the significant level of far above 0.001. The second significant period was from 1951 to 1999, at the level of 0.005-0.002. Both the power spectrum analysis and Morlet wavelet transformation have presented an interesting phenomenon： the area-mean FDIs in eastern and northern China share almost the same oscillation periods with NAOI in the inter-annual, decadal and centurial scales＇ oscillations, i.e. 4-5, about I0, 20-30, around 50 and 80-100 years, etc. The Mann-Kendall Rank Statistic test reveals the significant trend and decadal abrupt changes in the series of area-mean FDIs in eastern and northern China in the past 530 years, while the NAOI in the past 400 years, did not show such trend at the significance level, but presented more frequent changes than those of FDI in China. This difference is perhaps due to the fact that the amplitude of the extremes of reconstructed NAOI series is less than that from instrumental records.     

新疆玛纳斯河径流波动与北大西洋涛动的关系

对新疆玛纳斯河流量资料、北疆地区温度、降水资料进行整理,分析了其变化的特征和规律,并将其与北大西洋涛动指数进行了对比分析.研究发现,冬季北大西洋涛动指数与玛纳斯河冬季流量呈现显著的正向变化关系,夏季两者的关系则相反.利用交叉小波变换,分别发现了冬、夏季北大西洋涛动指数与玛纳斯河流量变化关系最密切的振荡周期.文中还发现冬、夏季北大西洋涛动指数与北疆温度、降水的变化也存在显著的相关关系.     

Model–proxy comparison for overshoot phenomenon of Atlantic thermohaline circulation at Bφlling–Allerφd

The overshoot phenomenon of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation （THC） is a transient climate response to meltwater forcing and could induce intense climate change by increasing the magnitudes of Atlantic THC changes at the end of meltwater discharges. This phenomenon was formally presented with the successfully simulated Bolling-Allerod （BA） event in the first transient simulation of the last deglaciation with fully coupled model NCAR-CCSM3 （TraCE-21K）. Currently, not all proxy records of Atlantic THC support the occurrence of the THC overshoot at BA. Commonly used THC proxy from Bermuda Rise （GGC5） does not exhibit THC overshoot at BA but other proxies such as TTR-451 at Eirik Drift do. How to interpret this regional discrepancy of proxy records is a key question for the validation of the Atlantic THC overshoot at BA. Here, we show that the vigor of deep circulation varies regionally during the Atlantic THC overshoot at BA in TraCE-21K simulation, and this regional discrepancy in the simulation is consistent with that in the marine sediment records in North Atlantic. The consistent model-proxy evidence supports the occurrence of Atlantic THC overshoot at BA.     

南大西洋15°S热液区玄武岩中熔融包裹体组成及意义

熔融包裹体中的硅酸盐子矿物、金属相和流体相可以动态地反映岩浆演化过程中岩浆的成分变化和金属成矿物质从熔浆中出熔分离的过程.本文选取南大西洋中脊15°S(SMAR15°S)热液区玄武岩斜长石熔融包裹体作为研究对象,通过扫描电镜能谱分析和激光拉曼分析,揭示熔融包裹体中熔体相的成分和金属矿物的种类,探讨岩浆作用对成矿的贡献.研究表明,斜长石熔融包裹体中存在黄铜矿、黄铁矿、磁铁矿和铬铁矿等金属子矿物,它们随脱气作用从岩浆中分离并进入岩浆流体相中冷凝结晶.熔融包裹体中金属子矿物与母岩无明显蚀变,共同指示岩浆流体对SMAR15°S热液区块状硫化物的形成可能具有一定贡献.SMAR15°S热液区热液硫化物可能存在岩浆来源.     

基于多卫星融合数据的海平面特征分析

利用1993—2008年法国空间局的AVISO多卫星融合高度计资料,采用随机动态、EOF等方法分析全球海平面变化的长期趋势、变化幅度以及季节变化的空间分布特征.结果表明:(a)1993—2008年间太平洋海平面呈西升东降的形态,印度洋绝大部分海区海平面呈上升趋势,大西洋除湾流流域外的其他海区海平面的长期趋势以上升为主;(b)全球海平面变化存在显著的年变化和半年变化等季节信号,无论是半球平均还是洋盆平均,北半球海平面季节变化的振幅明显大于南半球,中纬度海区季节变化的振幅最大;(c)北印度洋海平面季节变化的振幅高于同纬度带的北太平洋和北大西洋;(d)太平洋、印度洋、大西洋三大洋受西边界流、赤道流系等强流影响的海域海平面变化幅度大于周围海域;(e)赤道海域各大洋东、西边界和大洋内区海平面变化不同步,可能受赤道海洋波动的影响较大;(f)厄尔尼诺年,西太平洋暖池和赤道太平洋中部海平面明显降低,赤道东太平洋海域海平面明显升高,赤道印度洋海域东、西边界的海平面变化与其相反.