A new genus of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

ABSTRACT

A new genus of the tribe Deltochilini, Atlantemolanum new genus, endemic to the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, is proposed here to include two species formerly described in the genus Deltochilum based on the unique morphologic characters shared by Deltochilum riehli = Atlantemolanum riehli (Harold 1868) new combination and Deltochilum costalimai = Atlantemolanum costalimai (Pereira and D’Andretta 1955) new combination.

http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7BBD89C3-2F23-4CEF-9560-C29695631E04     

On the South American species of the genus Meridiosignum (Crustacea: Isopoda: Asellota: Paramunnidae)

Meridiosignum undulatum n. sp. and M. disparitergum n. sp. are described from off the Río de la Plata estuary. These two new species are easily distinguished from other members of the genus Meridiosignum in having the lateral margins of pereonites 2 and 3 bilobed (the concavity is much more pronounced in M. disparitergum), and those of pereonite 4 produced into a single process. The terminal male instar of Meridiosignum menziesi (Winkler, 1994 Winkler, H. 1994. Paramunnidae (Crustacea: Isopoda: Asellota) from the Magellan Strait.. Zool J Linn Soc., 110: 243–296. [Crossref] , [Google Scholar]) is described, and this species is herein reported from the Beagle Channel and Puerto Deseado. All the species currently placed in Meridiosignum were found in shallow waters in the southern hemisphere, M. undulatum n. sp. and M. disparitergum n. sp. being the species recorded at the greatest depth (129 m).     

Tanaidacea (Crustacea: Peracarida) of the North-east Atlantic: the genera Leptognathioides and Portaratrum of the ‘Atlantic Margin’

The tanaidomorphan genera Leptognathioides and Portaratrum from the Benthic Invertebrates of Icelandic waters (BIOICE), Marine Benthic Fauna of the Faroe Islands (BIOFAR), and Atlantic Frontier Environmental Network (AFEN)-related surveys are examined. The diagnosis for Leptognathioides polita is amended and additional size data are given. A new species, L. biarticulata, is described although the differences from L. polita are slight. It occurs in the bathyal Iceland Basin with a distribution that does not overlap with that of L. polita. A new species of Portaratrum, P. holdichi, is described and the apparent similarities (parallelisms) between this former colletteid genus and the akanthophoreid Chauliopleona are discussed. The distribution and rarity of both genera in the region are analysed, Leptognathioides being more common in the cold-water areas or along the cold–warm interface. Portaratrum holdichi n. sp. is more common and abundant in the Rockall-Biscay region of the NE Atlantic.

http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:81262671-0665-49C3-9A02-F243C60FC334     

Three new intertidal sponges (Porifera: Demospongiae) from Brazil’s fringing urban reefs (Maceió, Alagoas,Brazil), and support for Rhabderemia’s exclusion from Poecilosclerida

The inventory of Brazil’s marine sponge fauna is notably fragmentary; knowledge remains basic even in the vicinity of some important urban areas. Accordingly, we set up a plan to prioritize taxonomic study of sensitive areas, coupling high biodiversity potential and likely outstanding human pressure on biological resources. One such area comprises the fringing urban reefs of Maceió (Alagoas State, northeastern Brazil), from where three new demosponges are described here: Plakina coerulea sp. nov., Rhabderemia meirimensis sp. nov. and Mycale rubra sp. nov. The new Rhabderemia shares with Biemna, Desmacella, Neofibularia and Sigmaxinella, the possession of distally microspined sigmas. Recent molecular results have shown these taxa to be only distantly related to chelae-bearing Poecilosclerida, hence our decision to leave the new species as ordo incertae sedis. It is proposed that the intertidal or shallow subtidal sponge fauna in northeastern Brazil’s reefs deserves enhanced conservation effort to preserve what remains in these highly impacted ecosystems. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:4F150A0A-2371-40A1-B7B2-8CD14CEB885C     

Why are there so few “far southern” myriapods?

There are no extant Antarctic myriapods. The “far southern” islands south of latitude 45° S together with the isolated (south Atlantic) Tristan da Cunha, Gough, (south Indian) St Paul, Amsterdam and (south Pacific) Chatham islands (at 37 to 44° S), harbour only 33 native, introduced and partly identified taxa, including 17 Chilopoda, 11 Diplopoda, two Pauropoda and four Symphyla. The myriapods confined to the extreme edge of the Southern Ocean are entirely derived from pre-glacial Tertiary relicts or post-glacial anthropogenic introductions and show no evidence of co-occurring sibling taxa. This unusual distribution pattern provides a useful “no dispersal/no speciation” benchmark that can be applied to other far-southern non-marine invertebrates where the distinction between pre-glacial and post-glacial endemic taxa is not so clearly defined.     

数字科技信息智能管理系统软件体系结构

在介绍了软件体系结构的基础上,根据数字科技信息管理的需求分析,设计了该应用系统软件体系结构,并详细描述了典型模块的结构框图.     

Fluctuating asymmetry in populations of the South American frog Physalaemus cuvieri (Leptodactylidae) in areas with different degrees of disturbance

Methods to measure and monitor wild populations are important conservation tools in areas affected by anthropogenic disturbances. We compared three populations of the South American frog Physalaemus cuvieri Fitzinger, 1826 (Leptodactylidae) from areas with different degrees of anthropogenic disturbance in regard to their degrees of fluctuating asymmetry (FA). We selected four morphological characters (radio-ulna, femur, tibia-fibula and digit length) and compared two populations from relatively pristine areas with one population located in a highly urbanised and disturbed area. We found a significantly higher level of FA for the digit length, p < 0.05, in the population suffering the highest level of anthropogenic disturbance in relation to the two populations located in the pristine areas. There are no significant differences in the three populations in regard to FA for the radio-ulna, femur and tibia-fibula. The absence of FA in these three measurements might indicate a negative effect of limb asymmetry on this species survivorship. Our study provides a good example of the use of FA as indicator of environmental stress. However, this result must be viewed with some caution, since we observed FA in only one morphological character.     

南大西洋15°S热液区玄武岩中熔融包裹体组成及意义

熔融包裹体中的硅酸盐子矿物、金属相和流体相可以动态地反映岩浆演化过程中岩浆的成分变化和金属成矿物质从熔浆中出熔分离的过程.本文选取南大西洋中脊15°S(SMAR15°S)热液区玄武岩斜长石熔融包裹体作为研究对象,通过扫描电镜能谱分析和激光拉曼分析,揭示熔融包裹体中熔体相的成分和金属矿物的种类,探讨岩浆作用对成矿的贡献.研究表明,斜长石熔融包裹体中存在黄铜矿、黄铁矿、磁铁矿和铬铁矿等金属子矿物,它们随脱气作用从岩浆中分离并进入岩浆流体相中冷凝结晶.熔融包裹体中金属子矿物与母岩无明显蚀变,共同指示岩浆流体对SMAR15°S热液区块状硫化物的形成可能具有一定贡献.SMAR15°S热液区热液硫化物可能存在岩浆来源.