串珠藻目(红藻门)基于形态学证据的系统发育分析

以串珠藻目的16个分类单位加上外类群作为研究对象,选取18个性状作为研究基础,得到18×17的数值矩阵,以分支分类学的方法对串珠藻目的系统发育过程进行分析.采用4种方法进行分支分析,其中以最大同步法的运算结果最为合理,分支图最大步长为269,最小步长为35,实际步长为47,简约系数为0.0513.在串珠藻目中,以红索藻科最为原始,它向两个方向演化,其中一大支随着受精丝的明显膨大,演化出串珠藻科;另一大支则有更多的形态特征发生变化,配子体中出现假薄壁组织,中轴节处产生有定数的分枝,出现发达的外皮层,精子囊以精子囊群的方式成块状或带状出现,果孢子体生于外皮层内部,演化出鱼子菜科和裸管藻科.在串珠藻科中,以串珠藻属的串珠藻组较为原始,而假枝藻属和托氏藻属则较为进化.     

凉山州螺髻山旅游经济开发条件、发展对策刍议

螺髻山幅员辽阔,自然景观和人文景观丰富多彩,可谓凉山旅游资源特色的富聚带。从整体上看,其旅游发展基础薄弱、开发层次低,但可塑性强、开发潜力巨大。螺髻山旅游的合理、科学开发,起着率先实现凉山旅游生态化、特色化以及可持续发展的作用。为此,笔者在综合螺髻山旅游经济发展状况的基础上,对其发展提出了一系列建议。     

区域红色资源在《中国近现代史纲要》教学中的运用——以江西红色资源为例

红色资源的内涵丰富深刻。中国共产党领导人民在江西留下了以八一精神、井冈山精神和苏区精神等为代表的丰富红色资源。《中国近现代史纲要》(以下简称《纲要》)教学中开发和利用好区域红色资源,可以充实教学内容,改进教学方式,创新实践教学模式。极大地增强《纲要》课的针对性、实效性和吸引力。     

Rediscovery of Gastrostyla setifera (Engelmann, 1862) Kent, 1882: morphology and divisional morphogenesis (Ciliophora,Hypotrichida)

The morphology and morphogenesis of the poorly known hypotrichous ciliate Gastrostyla setifera, isolated from a freshwater pond near Harbin, China, are described from both living and protargol silver-impregnated specimens. The Harbin population of this species is characterized thus: medium-sized freshwater Gastrostyla, 150-205 × 70-95 μm in vivo, ellipsoid in shape but somewhat narrowed posteriorly. Contractile vacuole located in left half of mid-body region. On average 48-56 (mean 52) adoral membranelles; 10 frontal and 9-11 ventral cirri; 23-26 left and 30-34 right marginal cirri; usually with four complete dorsal kineties and two dorsomarginal kineties; three caudal cirri present at posterior margin; invariably two macronuclear nodules and two micronuclei. Its morphogenesis reveals the following characteristics: (1) adoral zone of membranelles (AZM) in the opisthe arises from the new oral primordium while the proter inherits the entire parental structure; (2) 10 frontal, 9-11 ventral and five transverse cirri are derived from five frontoventral transverse cirral anlagen together with the undulating membrane anlage; (3) left and right marginal cirri are derived from new anlagen which originate within the old marginal rows; (4) the generation of the dorsal kineties is of the 'two-group-mode'; three left primary dorsal anlagen and two dorsomarginal anlagen appear as two groups in both dividers from which all dorsal kineties are derived (the fourth kinety is formed due to the fragmentation of the third anlage); (5) one caudal cirrus is formed at the ends of each of the first, second and fourth dorsal anlagen.     

加强高校道德教育之浅见

道德教育是我国高校德育的重要组成部分。青年大学生的道德素质状况如何,不仅直接决定着社会的形象和民族的精神面貌,还直接关系着建设有中国特色社会主义事业的前途。道德教育历来受到党和国家的高度重视。然而,近年来随着社会上“功利主义”、“利己主义”等思潮的滋生和蔓延,大学生们的良好道德观念受到很大冲击,于是,他们为道德而困惑和迷惘。由此作者认为,进一步加强对大学生的道德教育刻不容缓。     

中俄高校体育竞赛运作现状调查

本文以黑河学院为例，对中俄高校体育竞赛运作情况进行调研，调查高校以体育竞赛为戴体的校园文化建设现状，发现存在的问题，并提出解决问题的建设性意见，为今后高校体育竞赛与校园文化建设的良性互动提供理论依据，具有现实意义。     

机械手模型的PLC控制系统设计

利用S7--300系列PLC对机械手进行控制，详细阐述了系统的主回路和控制回路工作原理以及接线图。     

顶缸式连续上板结构的简要设计

本文介绍了顶缸式连续上板机构的设计思路与过程,实现了上料装置的无间断运输功能。根据上板的动作要求,采用顶缸式连续上板结构;顶缸式连续上板结构主要实现换车动作,然后还有上板动作、推板动作、对辊带动板流向流水线的动作。此结构中机构的运作都是由控制系统全程控制,从而实现上板自动化。     

The Hypselodoris infucata,H. obscura and H. saintvincentius species complex (Mollusca,Nudibranchia, Chromodorididae), with remarks on the genus Brachychlanis Ehrenberg, 1831

The Indo-Pacific species Hypselodoris infucata (Rüppell and Leuckart, 1830) and Hypselodoris obscura (Stimpson, 1855) have been regarded as distinct by most authors. In this paper, numerous specimens with the colour pattern described for both H. infucata and H. obscura, and collected from localities comprising the geographic range of both nominal species, have been examined and anatomically studied. All specimens from south-east Australia, the type locality of H. obscura, consistently have a very long ejaculatory portion of the vas deferens, whereas in specimens collected from other Indo-Pacific localities this portion is very short. There are no other major morphological or anatomical differences between H. infucata and H. obscura. It is not clear whether H. obscura and H. infucata are different species, but since there is at least a consistent anatomical difference between them, they are provisionally regarded as distinct. The reproductive system, radula and external morphology are extremely variable among specimens of H. infucata. Specimens from Indo-Pacific localities other than south-east Australia, even those externally similar to H. obscura, belong to H. infucata. Hypselodoris saintvincentius Burn, 1962, which has been regarded as a synonym of H. infucata, is clearly distinguishable by the external coloration, reproductive system and radular morphology. Phylogenetic evidence indicates that H. saintvincentius is the sister species of H. infucata and H. obscura. A re-examination of the holotype of the uncertain species Brachychlanis pantherina Ehrenberg, 1831 revealed that it is conspecific with Hypselodoris infucata. Therefore, the name Brachychlanis Ehrenberg, 1831, which has not been used for more than 50 years, has preference over the widely used name, Hypselodoris Stimpson, 1855. In order to preserve nomenclatural stability invalidation of the name Brachychlanis is proposed.     

The male of Lecane bulla (Gosse, 1851): new support for the synonymy of Lecane Nitzsch,Monostyla Ehrenberg and Hemimonostyla Bartos

The hitherto unknown male of Lecane bulla (Gosse, 1851) is described and figured. It is generally similar to the few known males of other Lecane species. However, whereas the degree of fusion of the toes accords between male and female in other species, this is not the case here: the male of L. bulla has two separate and movable toes, these are completely fused into a single toe in the female. This observation further questions the validity of the taxonomic separation of Lecane in three taxa of generic rank, based on the degree of fusion of the toes. The behaviour and reproduction of Lecane is commented upon.