Isolation of human epidermal stem cells by adherence and the reconstruction of skin equivalents

The isolation of human epidermal stem cells is critical for their clinical applications. In the present study, we isolated three populations of epidermal keratinocytes according to their ability to adhere to collagen type IV: i.e., rapidly adhering (RA), slowly adhering (SA), and non-adhering (NA) cells. The aim of this study was to characterize RA cells and to investigate the possibility of using these cells for epidermis reconstruction. To identify RA cells, flow cytometric analysis was performed using anti-₆ integrin and anti-CD71 antibodies. RA cells express high levels of ₆ integrin and low levels of CD71, which are considered as markers of an epidermal stem cell nature. Furthermore, electron microscopy showed that RA cells are small and have a high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio, whereas SA and NA cells have well-developed cellular organelles and abundant tonofilaments. Western blot analysis showed that RA cells are slow cycling and express p63, a putative epidermal stem cell marker, whereas SA and NA cells express c-Myc, which is known to regulate stem cell fate. To compare epidermal regenerative abilities, skin equivalents (SEs) were made using RA, SA, and NA cells. The epidermis constructed from RA cells was well formed compared to those formed from SA or NA cells. In addition, only SEs with RA cells expressed ₆ integrin and ₁ integrin at the basal layer. These results indicate that RA cells represent epidermal stem cells and are predominately comprised of stem cells. Therefore, the isolation of RA cells using a simple technique offers a potential route to their clinical application, because they are easily isolated and provide a high yield of epidermal stem cells.Received 2 July 2004; received after revision 20 August 2004; accepted 10 September 2004     

“三环制“供热系统中热水一级网运行计算研究

针对"三环制"供热系统,建立了热水一级网("二环")运行调节曲线数学模型,从而实现"三环制"供热系统连锁调节和自动控制,达到最大限度的节能.     

基于个体的两凿岩机械手合作任务规划

文章在分析凿岩机械手的机构结构的基础上,求出机械手在工作面上的最大最小工作区间,然后运用模糊理论的相关知识将两凿岩机械手的工作区间进行合理分区,确定两钻臂在这些区域产生碰撞的模糊隶属度,从而引入"区域避碰”理论进行合作任务规划.在考虑两机械手工作进度产生一定变化和机械手在运动中所有关节变化量最小的基础上,引入双向A*算法搜寻最优路径.通过仿真研究证明,文章提出的方法计算简单,规划的路径在一定程度上可满足实际工作的需要.     

满足左正则性条件的IC富足半群

一个有限半群是满足左正则性条件的IC富足半群当且仅当它是一个幂等元形成左正则带的纯整超富足半群,但满足左正则性条件的无限IC富足半群不都是幂等元形成左正则带的纯整超富足半群.     

基于CDT空间剖分的虚拟角色全局路径规划

针对大范围复杂虚拟城市环境中虚拟角色的自主导航问题,研究了虚拟城市环境的环境建模以及基于层次道路图的改进A*算法。用自适应剪切平面切割三维地物几何模型,把三维城市空间投影到2D平面空间,利用约束Delauny三角化方法剖分城市自由空间,通过调整约束边的长度调整提取道路图的精度,并构建顾及地形起伏特征的层次道路拓扑图;为适应基于层次道路图的路径搜索,对传统A*算法进行了改进。实验结果表明:该方法可以快速完成虚拟角色在虚拟城市环境中的全局路径规划,且环境建模需求空间小,路径搜索效率高并顾及了地形环境的起伏特征。     

半(p,r)-预不变凸函数及其规划的最优性条件

首先在半预不变凸函数和(p,r)-预不变凸函数的基础上,定义了一类新的广义凸函数半(p,r)-预不变凸函数,它既是半预不变凸函数又是(p,r)-预不变凸函数的推广形式,从而是熟知的凸函数和不变凸函数的推广形式.接着,讨论了半(p,r)-预不变凸函数的一些有用性质.最后利用半(p,r)-预不变凸(凹)函数讨论了目标函数和约束函数均不可微的多目标规划问题,从而获得两个最优性条件.     

^226Ra evidence for the ecosystem shift over the past 40 years in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre

Surface seawater was collected for ~(226)Ra measurement in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre from July to October, 1999 and October to December, 2003. Combined with the historical data reported for this sea area, a declined trend of surface ~(226)Ra concentrations was observed since 1960s, indicating the ecosystem shift in response to global warming. On one side, the enhanced stratification of the upper water column resulting from global warming reduced the ~(226)Ra input from the depth, on the other, the temporal increase of biological production resulting from the climate-related ecosystem structure change strengthened the ~(226)Ra removal from the surface ocean. Both the physical and biological processes resulted in the decrease of surface ~(226)Ra concentrations in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. The temporal trend of surface ~(226)Ra concentrations was consistent with the trends of chlorophyll a, silicate, phosphate and primary production previously reported. This study provided ~(226)Ra evidence for the ecosystem shift under global change.     

数值沉积模拟在澳大利亚W区块沉积储层研究中的应用

利用古环境、古生物年龄、钻井岩性、岩心等资料，应用DinosoS软件对澳欠利亚W区块的Elang—Frigate组进行了数值沉积模拟。研究区重点层位Elang-Frigate组共划分为3个层序，海平面为向上脉动加深变化形式，东南方为主要物源方向．通过各个层序的构造图以及井资料读取的各个层序的残露厚度，利用软件自动·趺复古地貌、古构造的功能，得到了相对真实的沉积背景，利用这些参数进行了三维数值模拟，进一步得到了本地区沉积体系的时空展布特征。结果显示，该区的三角洲－河口湾沉积体系，具有早期浪控、晚期潮控，近源扇三角洲、相对远源三角洲的复合型沉积特点。     

氚标记冬凌草乙素的制备

根据氚标记冬凌草甲素(以下简称~3H-甲素)的制备方法,稍加改进,制备了氚标记冬凌草乙素(以下简称~3H-乙素)。产品用薄层色谱法纯化。~3H-乙素的结构没有发生变化;它的比放射性为8717.2MBq/mmol,较~3H-甲素的比度7685MBq/mmol 大,放射化学纯度大于98%;游离氚含量小于2%。     

分子内1,3-偶极环加成反应研究(Ⅴ)——N-4-戊烯基硝酮体系环加成区域选择性产物的色谱分析及结构鉴定

利用色谱法、气-质联用技术及碳-13核磁共振,定量地研究了N-4-戊烯基硝酮体系区域选择性产物的结构和含量.实验结果表明气相色谱法是对N-4-戊烯基硝酮环加成产物分析的有效方法.所得结果与1,3-偶极环加成反应的动力学控制、硝酮偶极体系的LUMO轨道控制及过渡态理论相符,它为分子轨道理论在有机合成中的应用研究提供了重要的实验依据.