PdO_x/金属磷酸盐催化剂催化分解N_2O

使用商业化的金属磷酸盐(M-P-O,M=Mg,Al,Ca,Fe,Co,Zn,La)为载体,以Pd(NO_3)_2为PdOx的前躯体,制备了PdOx/M-P-O系列催化剂,并测试了催化剂的N_2O分解性能.发现PdOx/Ca-P-O(又记为PdOx/HAP,HAP为羟基磷灰石)在该系列样品中表现出最佳催化活性,在反应温度375℃时能催化N_2O完全转化.而其他PdOx/M-P-O催化剂几乎没有活性.O2在反应气中的共存对PdOx/HAP的活性影响很小,而H_2O蒸气的共存明显抑制活性.但O2和H_2O蒸气对活性的影响是可逆的,即O2或者H_2O撤走后,活性复原.PdOx/HAP在无O2和有O2情况下都保持较好的稳定性.使用4%H2,在400℃对PdOx/HAP进行预处理能提高催化活性.使用XRD、TEM、XPS、ICP等对PdOx/HAP进行了表征.     

Reduction process and zinc removal from composite briquettes composed of dust and sludge from a steel enterprise

In this study, composite briquettes were prepared using gravity dust and converter sludge as the main materials; these briquettes were subsequently reduced in a tube furnace at 1000-1300℃ for 5-30 min under a nitrogen atmosphere. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and carbon content on the metallization and dezincification ratios of the composite briquettes were studied. The reduced composite briquettes were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results show that the gravity dust and converter sludge are combined into the composite briquettes and a reasonable combination not only improves the performance of the composite briquettes, but also leads to the reduction with no or little reductant and flux. As the reaction temperature is increased and the reaction time is extended, the metallization and dezincification ratios of the composite briquettes increase gradually. When the composite briquettes are roasted at 1300℃ for 30 min, the metallization ratio and dezincification ratio reaches 91.35% and 99.25%, respectively, indicating that most of the iron oxide is reduced and the zinc is almost completely removed. The carbon content is observed to exert a lesser effect on the reduction process; as the C/O molar ratio increases, the metallization and dezincification ratios first increase and then decrease.     

化学沉淀法脱除焦化废水中的氨氮

研究了pH值、温度、化学试剂Na2HPO4·12H2O和MgCl2·6H2O的加入量等对焦化废水中氨氮脱除效果的影响。实验结果表明,当焦化废水中添加的Na2HPO4·12H2O和MgCl2·6H2O使NH4+∶Mg2+∶PO3-4的比率为1∶1∶1时,在pH=8～10的条件下,无论是均合池的生化进水还是混沉池的生化外排水,都可以将其氨氮含量脱除至10mg/L以下。     

硬铝LY11的SPF/DB工艺试验研究

采用浸镀锌法,调整预处理后 Ｌ Ｙ１１ 合金表面的氧化状态;在大气环境、无中间合金条件下进行了超塑成形／ 扩散连接（ Ｓ Ｐ Ｆ／ Ｄ Ｂ） 试验,并探讨了其连接机理结果表明,覆盖于连接表面的锌元素,在 Ｓ Ｐ Ｆ／ Ｄ Ｂ 过程参与了金属间互扩散实现了无保护气氛条件下的超塑变形／ 扩散连接在４４０ ℃／５０ Ｍ Ｐａ／４ｈ 条件下获得较好的连接效果,拉伸试样在母材处断裂扩散连接机理为通过原子扩散实现连接界面的迁移;回复和再结晶引起原始连接界面的消失     

用正电子湮没寿命谱研究锰锌铁氧体纳米晶的缺陷结构

采用溶胶一凝胶法,在不同退火温度下得到了3种不同粒径的锰锌铁氧体纳米晶．利用X射线衍射研究了纳米晶的晶体结构和粒径,借助正电子湮没寿命谱仪讨论了纳米晶的缺陷随粒径的变化．结果显示,所得锰锌铁氧体纳米晶为立方尖晶石结构,且随着温度的升高纳米晶不断长大;随着粒径的增大,纳米晶的表面缺陷减小,晶界间的自由体积发生复合．     

新型消毒剂过氧化氢磷酸钠复合物合成

以磷酸钠和30％过氧化氢为原料，在稳定剂存在下合成了新型消毒剂过氧化氢磷酸钠复合物，经试验确定了最优合成条件是n(H202)：n(Na3PO4)＝1．7：1，反应温度15℃，产率82％，活性氧含量14．78％。     

Built-up Effect of Core Material for Microencapsulated Flame Retardant Containing Dimethyl Methyl Phosphate

The flame retardants containing organophosphorus compounds have extensively been used inthe flame retarding of polymer materials.Among others,dimethyl methyl phosphate (DMMP) was applied in flame retarding of polyurethane owmg to its so much merit.However,the water-soluble property of DMMP restricted its application in textile fabric.The flame retardtag systemcontainirm DMMP will be microencapsulated to form a novel flame retardant that could be used in textiles.We have studied the builtup effect of DMMP with some inorganic compounds to improve the afterflame and afterglow suppression in the flame retarding system.The experimeatal data indicated that inorganic compounds containing various non-metal elements P,N,B and metal ions Mg2 ,Al3 ,Ca2 ,Zn2 ,Cu2 ,Mn4 could be applied in flame retarding systems as additives to effectively suppress afterflame or afterglow.     

极谱催化法连续测定镁,锌,铁

提出了在铬黑Ｔ、乙二胺、三乙酸胺体系中连续测定镁、锌、铁的极话催化波．三元素在—０．９４Ｖ、—１．４４Ｖ、—１．６７Ｖ（对ＳＣＥ、下同）产生灵敏的极谱波．各元素在０～０．８μｇ／ｍＬ范围内浓度和导数峰高里线性关系．提出的方法用于同时测定头发和水中的痕量镁、锌、铁，结果满意．     

锌系磷化膜的电子显微结构分析

采用ＥＰＡ和ＴＥＭ等测试手段研究锌系磷化膜的形貌、晶体结构、化学成分和Ｚｎ／Ｐ值之间的关系，由此可确定磷化膜的耐蚀性能。     

彩色热镀 Zn-Ti-Ni 和 Zn-Mn-Cu 合金镀层的研究

研究了彩色热镀锌工艺及彩色涂层的成色原理，进行了一系列镀浴成分和彩色热镀工艺的试验，筛选出Ｚｎ＿Ｔｉ＿Ｎｉ和Ｚｎ＿Ｍｎ＿Ｃｕ两种镀液成分，在一定的浸镀温度和冷却方式下，可以获得表面光滑、成色均匀鲜艳的彩虹、金黄、紫、蓝色镀件。通过理论分析和俄歇电子能谱、Ｘｒａｙ衍射分析，发现Ｚｎ＿Ｔｉ＿Ｎｉ彩色热镀锌层表面形成均匀的Ｔｉ的氧化物膜，Ｔｉ与Ｏ的化学计量比接近Ｔｉ２Ｏ３；ＺｎＭｎＣｕ彩色热镀锌层表面形成含ＭｎＯ和ＺｎＭｎ２Ｏ４的氧化物膜；Ｚｎ＿Ｔｉ＿Ｎｉ彩色热镀锌镀层表面产生颜色是由于氧化膜使光发生干涉而产生，表面颜色取决于氧化膜厚度；Ｚｎ＿Ｍｎ＿Ｃｕ彩色热镀锌层表面成色是由于配位场中过渡金属锰离子产生的。