激光标刻的复杂区域填充算法

为减少填充线段和提高激光加工效率,对复杂区域的填充算法进行了研究．采用延长某些岛屿边界将包含岛屿的区域变为单连通域;然后用最长边延长法和最长边平行截取法将单连通域分解为简单凸多边形,简单凸多边形填充方法是先找到凸多边形所有边对应的高最小的那条边,平行该边进行填充,最后对填充线段的连接顺序进行优化处理．与传统的固定方向扫描填充相比,采用本算法可使复杂区域和实心文字的激光标刻效率提高20％～40％．     

一种形态学梯度滑降算法的研究

滑降算法是一种重要的图像分割工具,然而基于滑降算法的图像分割在很大程度上依赖于待分割图像梯度的计算.提出了一种多尺度形态学梯度滑降分割算法.该算法首先利用多尺度形态学梯度,通过大小不同的结构元素提取图像梯度特征,获得梯度图像,然后利用滑降算法进行图像分割,为了减少滑降算法的过分割现象,提出了区域面积和区域相似性规则的区域合并的方法.实验结果表明,本方法具有较好的分割效果,同时分割中结构元形状、尺度可以灵活选取,使得该方法适用范围相对比较广泛.     

基于自适应背景模型的动态场景目标检测

背景建模一直是运动目标检测中的一个重要课题。该文提出一个适用于动态背景的基于非参数估计的前景背景对比模型。模型通过核函数估计的方法模拟了像素点五维特征向量的概率分布,并在图像序列中滚动更新。实验证明,上述算法能够在一般目标检测,特别是动态场景(摇动树枝等)的检测中取得较好的效果。     

Halacarid mites (Acari: Halacaridae) associated with a North Atlantic subtidal population of the kelp Laminaria ochroleuca

We characterised the mite fauna associated with a subtidal population of Laminaria ochroleuca in the Cantabrian Sea during a 4-year study. We found 2780 individuals belonging to 35 species. The mite assemblage comprised both north Atlantic and Mediterranean species, as usually reported from the Lusitanian region. The most abundant and diverse subfamily was Copidognathinae, followed by Halacarinae and Lohmannellinae. The greatest abundance of mites was detected on kelp holdfasts, not only strictly phytal mites were found but also interstitial mites or those associated with other macrofauna. Such a distribution could be explained by the high diversity and heterogeneity of microhabitats provided by holdfasts. Mite abundance fluctuated during the 4 years of the study. However, the lowest abundance was detected during the last year of sampling. During that year, the studied algal population suffered a severe decay leaving only degenerating holdfasts attached to the substrate, which could explain the decrease in mite numbers.     

Ten new species of the subgenus Steganina (Diptera: Drosophilidae: Stegana) from southern China

Ten new species of the subgenus Stegana (Steganina) are described from southern to south-western China: S. (S.) convena sp. nov., S. (S.) cylindrica sp. nov., S. (S.) eurystoma sp. nov., S. (S.) hamata sp. nov., S. (S.) hirticeps sp. nov., S. (S.) latigena sp. nov., S. (S.) planiceps sp. nov., S. (S.) rhomboica sp. nov., S. (S.) setivena sp. nov. and S. (S.) sphaerica sp. nov. They cannot be placed under any established species groups. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D4B6C5A7-3700-4B0C-8355-E4564C2A7296     

Cladocera and Copepoda of Shokalsky Island: new data from northwest Siberia

Information on the freshwater fauna of the remote Arctic territories is very patchy, and most of the isolated islands of the Arctic Ocean remain absolutely unexplored. The pioneer data on the species composition of microcrustaceans of Shokalsky Island (northwest Siberia, Russia) is reported here. The initial three-year research revealed a total of 31 new for the area species of Cladocera and Copepoda, including new records for the whole of northwestern Siberia. Comparing the interannual differences in faunal composition, we suggested the hypothesis of the existence of a cryptic pool of species’ resting stages, which can invade the community in the event of favourable environmental conditions in the Arctic freshwaters. We also compiled all the available data from different parts of northern Siberia and compared them with the fauna of Shokalsky Island to analyse the connection between the diversity and distributional patterns of copepods and cladoceran species and the climate conditions of different territories.     

元谋干热河谷区民营水土保持效益评价

民营水土保持是当今水土保持生态建设中出现的一种新模式,是水土保持走向市场的重要标志。本文以农户调查数据为基础,运用层次分析法,对元谋干热河谷区民营水土保持效益进行评价。研究显示,目前民营水土保持是以经济效益为主导,兼顾生态效益和社会效益;农户的思想开放程度、经营模式和理念、技术水平、市场等因素是影响效益的主要因素,提出政府应建立完善的制度体系,支持鼓励民营水土保持的发展。     

基于遥感的黄土丘陵沟壑区人口密度分布模拟——以甘肃省榆中县为例

基于“面向对象”的人口分配原则,通过扩展的城市人口-面积异速生长模型,以SPOT5遥感影像为基本数据源,提取居民地信息;以榆中县为例,建立居民地分类体系,采取城乡人口分割算法,以人口统计数据为总量控制建立了人口分布的反演模型,模拟了榆中县域人口的空间分布。研究方法可为黄土丘陵沟壑区中尺度人口分布模拟的理论与应用研究提供借鉴。     

西部地区产业转移背景下高校毕业生就业路径选择研究——以陕西省为例

在当前西部地区产业转移的背景下,结合西部地区区域特点和"互联网+"发展的时代特征,通过分析近些年陕西省高校毕业生就业的基本情况,产生一个基本判断,即西部地区高校毕业生就业的路径选择应是逐步向非公、中小微型企业流动,特别是东部向西部转移的产业类的小企业中流动.为印证这一判断,本文运用马克思的有机构成理论和凯恩斯的有效需求理论对这一就业途径进行深入分析,并运用实证的方式加以验证和后续预测,明确该途径确实符合当前实际,应是缓解当前高校毕业生就业的重要途径.而在这一路径选择下,本文从承载适合西部发展的东部转移产业、夯实西部新区发展实现承载、以互联网金融等创新融资方式缓解中小微企业资金压力,同时承载地政府应积极履行责任,帮助转移企业的落地升级,并扶持青年创业等角度提出建议.