福建柏种源苗期生长和根系性状的遗传变异

在3个育苗点对来自福建、湖南等6个省的16个福建柏种源种子进行了首次种源的育苗试验。苗期研究结果表明：福建柏种内存在着丰富的遗传变异：苗高、地径及部分根系性状在种源间大都有显或极显的差异,这些差异与遗传因素的制约有关,这将为开展福建柏优良种源选择提供初步依据。     

稀土氧化物溶胶对羊毛纤维的阻燃改性及其热降解

用稀土氧化物(La2O3,CeO2,Y2O3)溶胶对羊毛纤维进行阻燃处理,并采用氧指数、剩炭率、热分析等方法对处理前后的羊毛纤维的阻燃性能及热降解行为进行研究.实验证明:经处理后的羊毛纤维,剩炭率、氧指数升高,热降解温度提前,活化能改变,放热峰温度升高,阻燃性得到明显改善.依据阻燃羊毛的热降解行为的变化,对该体系处理羊毛的阻燃机理做了初步的探讨.     

武汉市属高校体育专业办学特色研究——基于江汉大学体育健身保健与健身休闲专业方向建设的实证研究

通过对我国高校第一个体育教育专业体育健身保健方向和社会体育专业健身休闲方向的办学状况进行全面的跟踪研究,分析了人才培养模式、课程体系构建、办学机制和理念、教学管理方式等方面的办学特色与存在的不足,为完善该专业方向的特色办学提出了相应的对策和建议.     

Bio-sketches and partitioning of sympatric reed frogs,genus Hyperolius (Amphibia; Hyperoliidae), in two humid tropical African forest regions

Sympatric reed frog species were studied in Gabon (Monts Cristal: Hyperolius mosaicus, H. pardalis, H. tuberculatus) and Kenya (Kakamega Forest: Hyperolius acuticeps, H. cf. cinnamomeoventris, H. kivuensis, H. lateralis, H. viridiflavus). For each taxon, a standardized diagnosis covering 11 aspects of adult and in part tadpole morphology as well as the sequence of a 560 bp fragment of mitochondrial DNA of the 16S ribosomal gene are provided. In addition, behavioural data are given for each species including measurable parameters of advertisement calls. The Monts Cristal Hyperolius species clearly differ in their spatial arrangement through the choice of breeding site. Hyperolius species at the Kakamega Forest share the same breeding sites but in part differ in their activity pattern throughout the year. Advertisement calls of sympatric species in both regions mainly differ in temporal parameters.     

Developing a genome-wide selection model for genetic improvement of residual feed intake and carcass merit in a beef cattle breeding program

Residual feed intake (RFI) and carcass merit (CM) are both complex traits emerging as critical targets for beef genetic improvement.RFI and CM traits are difficult and expensive to measure and genetic improvement for these traits through traditional selection methods is not very effective.Therefore,genome-wide selection using DNA markers may be a potential alternative for genetic improvement of these traits.In this study,the efficiency of a genome-wide selection model for genetic improvement of RFI and CM was assessed.The Illumina Bovine50K bead chip was used to genotype 922 beef cattle from the Kinsella Beef Research Ranch of the University of Alberta.A Bayes model and multiple marker regression using a stepwise method were used to conduct the association test.The number of significant SNP markers for carcass weight (CWT),carcass back fat (BF),carcass rib eye area (REA),carcass grade fat (GDF),lean meat yield (LMY),and residual feed intake (RFI) were 75,54,67,57,44 and 50,respectively.Bi-variate analysis of marker scores and phenotypes for all traits were made using DMU Software.The genetic parameter for each trait was estimated.The genetic correlations of marker score and phenotype for CWT,BF,REA,GDF,LMY and RFI were 0.75,0.69,0.87,0.77,0.78,and 0.85,respectively.The average prediction accuracies of phenotypic EBV for the six traits were increased by 0.05,0.16,0.24,0.23,0.17 and 0.19,respectively.The results of this study indicated that the two-trait marker-assisted evaluation model used was a suitable alternative of genetic evaluation for these traits in beef cattle.     

SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO四元矿渣棉体系的表面张力测定与模型预报

表面张力是矿物棉生产的重要参数,直接影响到配料和工艺参数的选择.通过实验测量并建立模型预报系统研究了以高炉渣为主要原料制备矿物棉时熔体的表面张力.首先测量了Si O2(40%~60%)-Al2O3(5%~20%)-Ca O(20%~30%)-Mg O(5%)四元系的表面张力,其值处于350~500 m N·m-1之间;然后结合文献报道的表面张力数据,利用人工神经网络技术建立了Si O2(35%~60%)-Al2O3(5%~20%)-Ca O(20%~45%)-Mg O(0~10%)四元渣系的表面张力预报模型.该模型对成分范围内的表面张力预报平均误差为9.32%,预报精度较高,可以预报矿物棉熔体成分范围内的表面张力.     

高炉渣棉纤维在管道保温中的应用

高炉渣棉纤维是一种优良的保温材料，在建筑、管道保温中占据重要地位。主要介绍了高炉渣纤维用于管道保温的主要指标，分析了高炉渣纤维在国内外的应用现状，并指出了目前国内高炉渣纤维在管道保温应用中存在的主要问题。最后根据现代管道保温材料需求提出了矿棉管道保温材料的生产新技术，并预示了未来管道保温材料的市场前景及发展的新趋势。     

国产超细羊毛织物风格的研究

以超细羊毛织物为对象,应用FAST测试仪测试了织物风格.研究结果表明,超细羊毛织物与传统的毛织物相比,其风格特征更加轻薄柔软、滑糯并具有良好的弹性.     

不同叶色青钱柳叶片色素、多酚含量及光合特性的差异

【目的】青钱柳是多功能树种,通过比较分析两种不同叶色青钱柳叶片色素、黄酮和单宁两类多酚含量及其光合特性的差异,为青钱柳良种选育提供理论依据。【方法】按照季节动态分别采集红叶青钱柳和绿叶青钱柳的新叶和成熟叶,测定其花色素苷、叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、单宁和黄酮含量,定期测定4种类型叶的净光合速率(P_n)和PSⅡ最大光化学效率(F_v/F_m),并采用单因素方差分析比较不同类型叶间的差异。【结果】红叶青钱柳的新叶花色素苷含量显著高于其他3种类型叶(P<0.05),但叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量显著低于红叶青钱柳和绿叶青钱柳的成熟叶片(P<0.05);红叶青钱柳和绿叶青钱柳的成熟叶片中的黄酮和单宁含量在多数采样时间均无显著差异(P> 0.05),但在秋季,红叶青钱柳成熟叶片的单宁含量显著高于绿叶青钱柳的成熟叶片(P<0.05);由于红叶青钱柳的新叶积累高花色素苷含量而使总叶绿素含量下降,但其P_n与绿叶青钱柳的新叶不存在显著差异(P> 0.05),红叶青钱柳和绿叶青钱柳成熟叶片的P_n也不存在显著差异(P> 0.05)。【结论】较高浓度的花色素苷是红叶青钱柳新叶呈现红色的主要原因;红叶青钱柳和绿叶青钱柳叶中单宁与黄酮的含量存在一定差异,但总体上差异不显著;红叶青钱柳新叶阶段叶多酚类物质含量较高,但在成熟叶阶段与绿叶青钱柳无显著差异(P> 0.05)。因此,红叶这一表型性状可为青钱柳药用优良单株的筛选提供一定参考,红叶青钱柳在7—8月叶片仍保持较高花色素苷含量而呈现红色,比绿叶青钱柳具有更高的观赏价值。     

毛红椿种实和苗期生长性状地理种源变异

为系统揭示毛红椿种实和苗期生长性状地理种源变异规律,对其天然分布区内的13个种源果质量、果长等11个表型性状和苗高、地径等2个生长性状进行分析。结果表明：毛红椿种实表型性状在种源间的差异达到极显著水平, 13个种源中,来自分布区南部和西部种源的果实和种子性状大小明显高于分布区北部和东部种源。无霜期和海拔是影响毛红椿种实大小的主要因素。毛红椿的苗高和地径在不同种源间有显著差异,且受中等以上遗传力控制。毛红椿种源的地径生长与产地纬度呈极显著的负相关,种源地径的变异模式为纬度渐变型。以苗高为标准对毛红椿优良种源进行初选,可初选出浙江遂昌、湖南新宁、江西赣州、安徽黄山、福建南靖等5个优良种源。