面向知识经济时代的科技发展战略

通过分析我国科技发展现状，指出我国科技发展中主要存在基础研究薄弱、科技投资力度不够、科技成果转化率低和缺乏创新意识等问题，同时根据存在的问题并借鉴国外经验提出制定我国面向知识经济时代科技发展战略规划框架，通过加强信息、制度和教育三大基础设施建设建立国家科技创新体系，大力发展高科技风险投资事业，加强科技成果转化机制，大力创建高科技工业园区等措施实施科教兴国战略。     

浅谈新形势下如何加强中等城市道路交通科学管理

目前,中小城市随着城区面积的扩大、人口的增长、交通的扩展,主要街道和干线道路日趋饱和,过境交通、城市中心区和上、下班高峰期的畅安问题越来越重要,已逐渐影响一些重要干线道路全线的安全畅通并制约城市的进一步发展。面对当前严峻的城市交通形势,认真分析中等城市的交通特点,编制科学、合理、规范的中等城市道路交通规划,理顺各种错综复杂的关系,对日益繁忙的中等城市交通加以科学管理具有重要意义。     

科学教育专业中有机化学教学研究

我国自从"高等理科教育面向21世纪教学内容课程体系改革计划"实施以来,理科的教学改革在 全国范围内已形成了良好的局面。而科学教育专业是一个新兴专业,课程体系的研究与实践更是被受关 注。本文就科学教育专业中的有机化学在教学内容和教学方法的改革方面阐述了自己的观点。     

政府科技管理中的行政奖励研究

政府科技管理中的行政奖励,因其本身固有的民主、信任、合作与激励的行为取向与价值追求,在引导、激励行政相对方实施符合政府科技管理意图的行为、推进政府科技管理目标的顺利达成中发挥了积极和重要的作用。了解政府科技管理中行政奖励的主要类别和多种功能,并对其进行科学的制度设计,有助于在政府科技管理的实践中更好地发挥行政奖励的功效。     

论科技期刊编辑工作的现代化及实现途径

科技期刊是传播科技信息的重要载体,在国民经济发展中起着重要作用.作为科技期刊的策划与加工者--编辑,需要在思想观念、科技意识、知识结构和工作手段等方面进行调整和更新,并通过正规教育与继续教育相结合的途径,不断提升编辑队伍层次,以实现编辑主体和编辑手段的现代化.     

木基复合材料破坏过程中声发射特性的研究

利用声发射监测系统获取了胶合板和贴面刨花板两种木基复合材料三点弯曲加载状态下断裂损伤的声发射信号。利用累计能量和振铃总计数两项声发射信号特征参量分析了胶合板和贴面刨花板损伤破坏过程及其特点;利用幅值和有效电压（RMS）研究了随挠度增大胶合板和贴面刨花板内部裂纹产生、扩展、宏观裂纹形成至断裂的过程。结果表明:声发射信号的幅值、有效电压、累计能量、振铃总计数等参量可以有效表征木基复合材料内部损伤演化过程;贴面刨花板的断裂损伤发生早于胶合板,且贴面刨花板的损伤演化过程分为线弹性阶段和断裂韧性阶段,胶合板分为线弹性阶段、非线性变形阶段和断裂韧性阶段。     

《高师理科学刊》2007—2011年引文统计分析

对《高师理科学刊》2007—2011年刊登的1 091篇论文的引文情况进行了统计分析.结果表明,5年发表论文的引文总量为6 716条,篇均引文量6.16条;引文的类型以期刊居首,专著次之,所占比例分别为65.74%和31.64%;引文的语种来看,中文文献占80.58%,外文文献占19.42%;2000年以后的引文文献最多,占总引文量的71.53%;普赖斯指数为37.67%.从引文的量化指标中找出存在的问题,为该刊的发展提供参考,并促使作者、编者更好地重视参考文献的著录.     

Can the behavioral sciences self-correct? A social epistemic study

Advocates of the self-corrective thesis argue that scientific method will refute false theories and find closer approximations to the truth in the long run. I discuss a contemporary interpretation of this thesis in terms of frequentist statistics in the context of the behavioral sciences. First, I identify experimental replications and systematic aggregation of evidence (meta-analysis) as the self-corrective mechanism. Then, I present a computer simulation study of scientific communities that implement this mechanism to argue that frequentist statistics may converge upon a correct estimate or not depending on the social structure of the community that uses it. Based on this study, I argue that methodological explanations of the “replicability crisis” in psychology are limited and propose an alternative explanation in terms of biases. Finally, I conclude suggesting that scientific self-correction should be understood as an interaction effect between inference methods and social structures.     

Histories of molecules: Reconciling the past

Molecular data and methods have become centrally important to evolutionary analysis, largely because they have enabled global phylogenetic reconstructions of the relationships between organisms in the tree of life. Often, however, molecular stories conflict dramatically with morphology-based histories of lineages. The evolutionary origin of animal groups provides one such case. In other instances, different molecular analyses have so far proved irreconcilable. The ancient and major divergence of eukaryotes from prokaryotic ancestors is an example of this sort of problem. Efforts to overcome these conflicts highlight the role models play in phylogenetic reconstruction. One crucial model is the molecular clock; another is that of ‘simple-to-complex’ modification. I will examine animal and eukaryote evolution against a backdrop of increasing methodological sophistication in molecular phylogeny, and conclude with some reflections on the nature of historical science in the molecular era of phylogeny.     

Models as products of interdisciplinary exchange: Evidence from evolutionary game theory

The development of evolutionary game theory (EGT) is closely linked with two interdisciplinary exchanges: the import of game theory into biology, and the import of biologists’ version of game theory into economics. This paper traces the history of these two import episodes. In each case the investigation covers what exactly was imported, what the motives for the import were, how the imported elements were put to use, and how they related to existing practices in the respective disciplines. Two conclusions emerged from this study. First, concepts derived from the unity of science discussion or the unification accounts of explanation are too strong and too narrow to be useful for analysing these interdisciplinary exchanges. Secondly, biology and economics—at least in relation to EGT—show significant differences in modelling practices: biologists seek to link EGT models to concrete empirical situations, whereas economists pursue conceptual exploration and possible explanation.