混流式水轮机部分负荷下的叶片动载荷模拟

通过求解三维不稳定Reynolds平均Navier-Stokes方程,并采用RNGk-ε模型实现方程的封闭,对3个不同转轮在部分负荷下进行了包括导叶、转轮、尾水管在内的三维不稳定流动计算。结果表明:由于水轮机转轮的旋转,在部分负荷工况下,由尾水管内涡带引起的转轮内的压力脉动主要频率fr是转频fn与涡带压力脉动频率fd之差;同时转轮内压力脉动还有导叶通过频率和转频及其倍频等成分;在66%左右开度下叶片上压力脉动幅值一般大于80%左右开度下的值;在同一工况下,叶片背面的压力脉动幅值一般大于叶片正面的值。     

300 MW 直接空冷汽轮机的结构特点

鉴于空冷技术的广泛运用,空冷汽轮机相继投入运行。概述了300MW空冷汽轮机系统结构,并简要对直接空冷原理及流程进行了说明,分析了300MW直接空冷汽轮机与湿冷汽轮机在结构、系统方面的差别,以便为300MW空冷汽轮机的安全运行提供帮助。     

包兰铁路沙坡头段防护体系近地面流场特征

基于地形和流场实测，研究了包兰铁路沙坡头段铁路防护体系近地面流场沿NNW-SSE方向的变化．结果表明，由于地形变化以及人工植被和草方格的存在，防护带内等风速线沿风向呈逐渐变疏和抬高的趋势，各高度的风速总体上呈递减趋势，风速放大率为负；沙丘迎风坡风速放大率为正，流动沙丘迎风坡风速放大率高于固定沙丘迎风坡．沙丘背风坡2．5m高度内风速放大率总体为负．防护带内的固定沙丘背风坡气流通体减速，各高度的风速放大率全部为负，平均为一1．48％／m．防护带内地表空气动力学特征发生变化，其中沙丘迎风坡地表风速廓线接近于对数率；人工植被带地表空气动力学粗糙度显著高于流沙区．     

综合自然环境中变化风场的工程仿真方法

综合自然环境包括地形、大气/气象、海洋、空间四大领域,变化风场作为大气环境中的重要组成部分,其对飞行器使用性能的影响不容忽视。针对变化风场对飞行影响的两种主要表现形式,分别以风切变和大气紊流建立工程化的风场模型,并以某型导弹为仿真算例,分析了所建立的变化风场模型对导弹弹道、姿态特性的影响,验证了所建立变化风场模型的有效性和工程实用性。     

Numerical investigation on the self-excited oscillation of wet steam flow in a supersonic turbine cascade

The self-excited flow oscillation due to supercritical heat addition during the condensation process in wet steam turbine is an important issue. With an Eulerian/Eulerian model, the self-excited oscillation of wet steam flow in a supersonic turbine cascade is investigated. A proper inlet supercooling results in the transition from steady flow to self-excited oscillating flow in the cascade of steam turbine. The frequency dependency on the inlet supercooling is not monotonic. The flow oscillation leads to non-synchronous periodical variation of the inlet and outlet mass flow rate. The aerodynamic force on the blade varies periodically due to the self-excited flow oscillation. With the frequency lies between 18.1?80.64 Hz, the oscillating flow is apt to act with the periodical variation of the inlet supercooling due to stator rotor interaction in a syntonic pattern, and results in larger aerodynamic force on the blade. The loss in the oscillating flow increases 20.64% compared with that in the steady flow.     

Wind vector retrieval using dual polarization imagery of ASAR

A new algorithm for retrieving wind vector using dual polarization imagery of advanced synthetic aperture radar (ASAR) is developed and tested. Based on the combination of co-polarization and cross-polarization, this new algorithm effectively eliminates the 180° ambiguity which occurs when using single imagery of the ASAR to retrieve wind vector. This algorithm also solves the problem that the retrieval results will break down on very small spatial scales. The results retrieved from dual polarization imagery of ASAR show that the wind speed and direction are in agreement with the data from Quikscat and buoy measurements. The root mean square errors of wind direction and speed between the retrieved results and data from Quikscat are 2.21° and 0.53 m/s, respectively. Comparisons between the new method and the traditional method show that the new methods fit the buoy data and Quikscat data a little better than the traditional method in this image.     

测量燃气流量的气体成分分析法及其误差传递分析

在间接测量燃气流量的气体成分分析法的基础上,进一步发展了这种方法,同时运用误差传递理论对其误差进行计算.运用敏感性分析法对减小间接测量误差的方向作了分析.     

用于控制透平叶栅内部流动的端部孔隙结构

为利用端部孔隙结构控制叶栅二次流损失,对一种端部孔隙结构在不同攻角下对透平静叶栅内部流场的影响进行数值模拟。结果表明:大负攻角下,该孔隙结构有效地控制了透平叶栅头部压力面的分离泡,减少了损失;在其他攻角下,该结构对该文考察的叶栅没有表现出明显的改善作用。结合该孔隙结构和另一种由原始叶型优化后的叶片进行联合造型,对其在不同攻角下的性能进行了考察。经联合造型后的叶栅与原始叶栅相比在各个攻角下的流动损失均有大幅度降低,大负攻角下效果尤为明显。     

南宁市近50年气候变化特征

利用南宁市城区1951～2005年的气象资料,分析了近50年来气温、降水、日照时数、风速等气象要素的变化特征,结果显示,南宁市年平均气温呈明显的上升趋势,1986年以来升温最明显,随着气候变暖,寒冻害明显减少,高温天气有增多的趋势.年降水量的长期变化趋势不明显,但年际变化较大;年降水日数有减少的趋势,≥25 mm和≥50 mm的强降水日数呈微弱的增加趋势.年日照时数、年平均风速、大风日数呈明显减少的趋势.     

风能利用现状分析

介绍了我国风能资源的储量、分布等的情况,分析了我国风能资源开发利用中存在的问题。