超滤分离纯化麦胚蛋白酶解物的研究

采用超滤法从麦胚蛋白酶解物中初步分离纯化抗氧化活性肽,考察了操作压力、操作温度及料液浓度等工艺参数对超滤过程中膜通量的影响,并对超滤前后麦胚蛋白酶解物的相对分子质量分布、氨基酸组成及抗氧化活性进行了比较.结果表明:采用截留相对分子质量3000的聚砜膜对麦胚蛋白酶解物进行超滤分离的最适工艺条件为操作压力0.30 MPa、操作温度20 ℃、麦胚蛋白酶解物浓度35 g/L;超滤有效地除去了料液中相对分子质量较大的组分,麦胚蛋白酶解物中相对分子质量1 000～500及500～130的组分分别为23.81%、48.63%,其抗氧化活性得到提高,清除O2-·的IC50由超滤前的1.64 mg·mL-1降至超滤后的1.29 mg·mL-1.图5,表3,参13.     

稀土拮抗污水对小麦幼苗过氧化物同工酶的影响

利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直板电泳方法，研究了小麦种子采用不同浓度的Ce（ON）3处理前后，用污水处理厂处理前后污水浇灌下生长出的小麦幼苗叶的过氧化物酶（POD）酶谱的变化．结果表明，污水中的重金属离子胁迫能促进POD的表达，而稀土元素对重金属离子有拮抗作用，使小麦幼苗叶的POD同工酶酶带发生变化．     

黄河灌区水热通量的观测与分析

为解决农田节水问题,进行了田间水热通量观测和水热耦合循环过程机理分析。观测系统主要包括:常规气象、辐射、涡度相关法观测系统以及土壤水分观测剖面。该系统能够连续和稳定地观测土壤-植物-大气连续体中的水热循环过程,涡度相关法观测数据具有与国际同类观测一致的精度。对2005年山东省位山引黄灌区冬小麦和夏玉米生长期内水热平衡的分析表明:当叶面积指数较大时潜热是农田能量消耗的主要方式;在冬小麦返青至收割期内作物耗水略小于供水,而在玉米生长期内供水远大于作物耗水,灌区供水充分。     

Genomic and genic sequence variation in synthetic hexaploid wheat （AABBDD） as compared to their parental species

In order to understand the genomic changes during the evolution of hexaploid wheat, two sets of synthetic hexaploid wheat from hybridization between maternal tetraploid wheat （AABB） and paternal diploid goat grass （DD） were used for DNA-AFLP and single strand conformation polymorphism （SSCP） analysis to determine the genomic and genic variation in the synthetic hexaploid wheat. Results indicated that more DNA sequences from paternal diploid species were eliminated in the synthetic hexaploid wheat than from maternal tetraploid wheat, suggesting that genome from parental species of lower ploidity tends to be eliminated preferentially. However, sequence variation detected by SSCP procedure was much lower than those detected by DNA-AFLP, which indicated that much less variation in the genic regions occurred in the synthetic hexaploid wheat, and sequence variations detected by DNA-AFLP could be derived mostly from non-coding regions and repetitive sequences. Our results also indicated that sequence variation in 4 genes can be detected in hybrid F1, which suggested that this type of sequence variation could be resulted from distant hybridization. It was interesting to note that 3 out of the 4 genes were mapped and clustered on the long arm of chromosome 2D, which indicated that variation in genic sequences in synthetic hexaploid wheat might not be a randomized process.     

Differential binding of conA and WGA on the cell surface,the role of sialic acid in their expression and the increased activity of sialidase after cis-Platin treatment

Summary It is reported that concanavalin A (conA) and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) have a differential binding pattern on normal mouse spleen lymphocytes and the surface of Dalton's lymphoma cells. It is suggested that sialic acid on the cell surface controls the expression of lectin binding sites. Further, it has been observed that the increased release of sialic acid from cell surfaces aftercis-dichlorodiammine platinum (II) (cis-Platin) treatment is due to the increased activity of sialidase.To whom reprint requests should be addressed.     

四川栽培小麦幼胚培养再分化能力变异性的研究

以N6为基本培养基，对四川栽培小麦品种、品系以及农家品种共45个基因型的幼胚离体培养，进行了植株再生能力变异性的研究。结果表明，供试材料间的形态发生能力存在明显变异，表现为器官建成速度明显不同，芽器官和根器官再生率存在极显著差异，分别变异在15．00％－95．45％和0－95．45％之间，由每个幼胚外植体起源的愈伤组织再生出1．0cm以上的芽数及其芽长均存在极显著差异。     

Contents and distribution of rare earth elements in wheat seeds

Contents of 15 rare earth elements (REEs) in the seeds of 60 breeds of wheat have been analyzed by the inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The distribution pattern of contents of REEs in wheat seeds has been observed and compared with that in soils. Comparison with literature data has also been made. The results show that the background of REEs in wheat seeds is 10-11-10-8 g.g-1, 3-4 levels lower than in soils. The distribution pattern is light REEs higher in contents and slight Eu-anomaly, similar to that in soils. The data obtained in this study can accurately represent the background content of REEs in wheat seeds.     

稻草制取多羟基化合物的探讨

本文探讨将农业废料稻草纤维素水解、发酵,制多羟基化合物的原理及方法。