不同基因型小麦籽粒生育期蛋白质的动态变化

本文运用ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳技术，比较分析了３个小麦品种籽粒生育过程中叶片和籽粒各种蛋白质的动态变化，结果表明，（１）小麦籽粒生育过程中叶片和籽粒中蛋白质的种类和数量有较大变化；（２）叶片和籽粒蛋白质动态变化存在负相关性；（３）叶片中５２和４７ｋＤａ蛋白质起初最多，后期很少，籽粒中６３和５８ｋＤａ蛋白质前期很少，后期最多，变化幅度较大；（４）叶片蛋白质含量最后阶段骤然下降，籽粒蛋白质含量显著上升，这些变化对不同品种有一定差异．     

春小麦不同叶位及叶龄叶片若干生理生化指标的动态变化

对春小麦开花后的不同中位及叶龄叶片在衰老过程中的相关生理生化指标进行了分析。结果表明：不同叶位叶片，在同一生育期内，旗叶的蛋白质含量，叶绿素含量和ＣＡＴ活性均高于其他叶位叶片，ＭＤＡ含量和外渗电导率值低于其他叶位叶片，随着叶龄的增加，旗叶的这些生理生化指标的变化趋势都慢于其他叶位叶片。     

播种时期对春小麦籽粒增重过程和蛋白质含量变化的影响

以阿勃等四个春小麦品种（品系）为材料，分析了播种时期对西宁地区春小麦粒重及蛋白质含量的影响，结果表明，播种时期对春小麦籽粒增重过程和籽粒发育过程中蛋白质含量的变化规律没有显著影响。晚播使籽粒蛋白质含量增加，西宁地区播期晚至４月１５日粒重也有增加趋势，但随着播期推迟，春小麦单位面积穗数和每穗粒数明显减少，籽粒产量和蛋白质产量随之下降。     

基因枪法获得可育抗除草剂转基因小麦

用基因枪法对两个春小麦品种进行了遗传转化，获得１９株独立转化的，抗除草剂Ｂａｓｔａ的小麦植株，其中１５株自交可育，ＰＣＲ和ＤＮＡ印迹检测证实了该基因在转化植株中的表达，转基因及其表达已遗传到子三代，在已检测的７个转基因后代中，有４个植株其抗除草剂性状以单位点，显性性状的孟德尔方式遗传。     

饱和对二氯苯液诱导小麦根尖细胞异常性的研究

采用饱和对二氯苯液处理１．５～２ｃｍ的小麦根尖４．５ｈ，给以０～４６ｈ的不同恢复生长期，以低温（４℃以下）处理２４ｈ的相同材料为对照，比较这两种方法在染色体制片中作为预处理方法的效果。结果发现：饱和对二氯苯液不能有效地积累中期细胞和使染色体凝缩；严重抑制细胞的生长；降低有丝分裂指数（ＭＩ）；诱发较高频率的微核细胞；产生较高频率的双核细胞；导致多种类型的染色体畸变以及其它异常性。研究表明，饱和对二氯苯液是一种有效的细胞板抑制剂和诱发染色体变异的诱变剂。     

麦秸粉酵母饲料的实验室固体发酵工艺研究

研究确定了在实验室中酵母发酵麦秸粉的主要培养条件，并对发酵前后物料的粗蛋白，真蛋白，粗纤维等指标进行了测定。     

西双版纳橡胶,胡椒和咖啡根际土壤放线菌区系研究

不论干雨季，橡胶、胡椒和咖啡根际土壤放线菌中，链霉菌的分离频率最高，占总分离频率的４０％以上．其中，三作物根际土壤的链霉菌、链轮丝菌、马杜拉放线菌和孢囊放线菌等属的分离频率干季高于雨季、而小单孢菌、诺卡氏菌、游动放线菌、间孢囊菌和钦氏菌等属的分离频率雨季高于干季     

Protective effects of nitric oxide on salt stress-induced oxidative damage to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) leaves

The changes of chlorophyll and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, plasma membrane permeability confirmed that 0.1 and 1 mmol/L sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a donor of nitric oxide (NO) in vivo, could markedly alleviate the oxidative damage to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) leaves induced by 150 and 300 mmol/L NaCl treatments, respectively. Further results proved that NO significantly enhanced the activities of Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), both of which separately contributed to the delay of O ₂ ⁻ and H₂O₂ accumulation in wheat leaves under salt stress. Meanwhile, the accumulation of proline was apparently accelerated. Therefore, these results suggested that NO could strongly protect wheat leaves from oxidative damage caused by salt stress.     

Molecular identification of asymmetric somatic hybrids between wheat and Italian ryegrass

Sexual incompatibility between common wheat and Italian ryegrass was an obstacle for transferring useful traits from italian ryegrass to wheat. In order to use those desirable genetic resources to improve wheat and to create new cytoplasmic germplasm, the protoplasts of wheat and Italian ryegrass were successfully electrofused and the somatic hybrid plants were regenerated. Examination with 6 restriction enzymes, 13 probes including 9 mtDNA probes (H454, Pst24, B30, Pro I, 490, B342, pHJ2-7-1, B376, 7), 3 cpDNA probes (pHvc p1, pHvc p5 and pHvc p8) and one nuclear DNA probe-- pTA71 (rDNA) in total 73 enzyme/ probe combinations revealed rich polymorphism between the fusion partners. RFLP analysis indicated that approximately 93.4% of the regenerated plants were true somatic hybrids. AFLP analysis implied that the somatic hybrids were highly asymmetric. The RFLP analysis using mt- and cpDNA specific probes also demonstrated the non-coexistence of mitochondria and chloroplasts from the fusion partners in the somatic hybrid cells.     

Breeding and molecular cytogenetic identification of wheat-Thinopyrum intermedium addition lines resistant to powdery mildew

Wheat-related species Th. intermedium was used to cross with common wheat Yannong 15. In the self progenies of the hybrid, two addition lines, Ⅱ-1-7-1 and Ⅱ-3-3-2, stable in cytology, were developed by cytology and powdery mildew resistance identification. Their chromosome number were 2n = 44 and formed 22 bivalents at PMC MI. In F₁ of the two addition lines crossing with Yannong 15, there appeared about one univalent at PMC MI, respectively. Resistance identification in greenhouse and field using the No. 15 and mixed strains of E. gramnis f. sp. tritici showed that they were immune to powdery mildew. Chromosome number and resistance identification using the F² single plants of the addition line crossing with Yannong 15 indicated that the resistant gene was located on the alien chromosomes. In situ hybridization using St and E genomic DNA as probe showed that the added chromosome in the two addition lines probably came from the E genome of Th. intermedium, which indicated that a pair of E genome chromosomes carried a new resistant gene to powdery mildew.