偶应力两层流体通过狭窄管腔时外围层的粘度效应

本文讨论了偶应力两层流体通过带有柔和狭窄的刚圆管时的流动特性,导出了速度、流量、阻抗和壁面最大剪应力的解析式,考察了外围层粘度和厚度的效应,并作了数值计算;是对单层偶应力流体狭窄流动及两层牛顿流体(粘度不同)狭窄流动的推广。     

Cooperative inhibitory effect of follicular fluid and cAMP on hamster oocyte maturation

Summary Porcine or human follicular fluid inhibited the spontaneous maturation of isolated hamster oocytes in vitro during the first 1.5 h of culture. Moreover, the presence of 50% follicular fluid combined with 100 M dbcAMP cooperatively reduced the incidence of germinal vesicle breakdown. The addition of FSH also inhibited the resumption of meiosis, and the presence of LH did not overcome the inhibitory effects of follicular fluid and tended to impede isolated hamster oocyte maturation in vitro.     

自动网格体系在柱体绕流大涡模拟中的适用性评估

为了评估基于snappyHexMesh方法生成的自动网格体系在二维柱体绕流大涡模拟中的适用性,比较了该自动网格体系与人工网格体系对于Re为3 900圆柱绕流和Re为22 000方柱绕流的数值模拟结果。通过设置合理的计算域以及数值格式,采用snappyHexMesh自动网格以及人工网格的算例都表现出良好的数值稳定性。将不同网格体系的数值模拟结果与物理试验结果进行对比,结果表明,采用snappyHexMesh网格可以提高数值求解效率;圆柱绕流对网格体系的变化比较敏感,不同密度的snappyHexMesh网格会显著影响圆柱气动力特征以及尾流区域的流场结果;snappyHexMesh网格体系可以准确预测方柱绕流,在方柱绕流大涡模拟中具有相较于圆柱绕流更好的适用性。     

不同热管工质对热管冷却反应堆堆芯物理参数的影响与分析

热管冷却反应堆采用非能动传热技术,热响应速度快,可避免堆芯单点失效,具有功率密度大、寿命长、环境适应性强、工作性能稳定等特点,是目前空间核反应堆研究的热点。本文基于清华大学开发的反应堆蒙特卡洛中子输运程序RMC (Reactor Monte Carlo code),以美国爱荷华国家实验室(Idaho National Laboratory, INL)设计的热管冷却反应堆INL Design A为研究对象,选取3种热管工质开展热管冷却反应堆堆芯物理计算。计算结果表明：锂热管工质不仅拥有很好的热物性参数,并且使用锂热管工质的热管冷却反应堆缓发中子有效份额最大、中子能谱较硬、燃耗反应性损失最小、增殖性能最佳,有利于热管冷却反应堆堆芯小型化与长寿命。因此,推荐锂为热管冷却反应堆的热管工质。     

外加电磁场对火焰结构及燃料燃烧特性的影响

燃料在电、磁场作用下的燃烧是一个新的跨学科性质的研究课题.它涉及磁流体发电、空间技术中电磁燃烧技术的应用以及能源与动力工程中能量转换与效率.本文从实验和理论两个方面,扼要地报导了碳氢燃料在外加磁场、电场影响下的火焰结构及其燃烧特性.把近年来我研究小组的主要研究结果汇总发表.     

知识经济与我国的经济发展战略

知识经济是与传统的农业经济、工业经济不同的一种新的经济形态,是当今世界经济发展的主要趋势,我国经济发展战略的制定,经济增长方式的根本转变,科教兴国战略以及可持续展战略的实施,都与知识经济密切相关,在当前条件下,我国的社会主义建设将面临着实现工业化和走向知识经济的双重挑战。     

采用NP催化剂的芥酸氢化制备山嵛酸工艺研究

本文制备了高效加氢ＮＰ催化剂,并讨论了芥酸采用该催化剂加氢制备山嵛酸时,催化剂浓度、氢气压力、反应温度、搅拌速度等因素对反应的影响。试验结果表明其适宜的工艺条件为：催化剂浓度０．６％,氢气压力８．１１×１０５Ｐａ,反应温度４１３Ｋ,脉冲式搅拌速度８０次／ｍｉｎ。     

用模型方法研究灌注压对缺血区心肌血流时相分布的影响

为了研究在舒张期提高冠脉灌注压对缺血区血流时相分布的影响,建立了一个左心室壁血流灌注仿真模型。模型中正常心肌和缺血心肌中血管网都用３个支路来代表,各个支路由符合生理实际的非线性时变阻容元件组成。以６条雄性犬的左心室压和主动脉压的实测数据作为输入进行仿真,得出了符合已有实验观察的结论。结果表明：舒张期提高灌注压对缺血心肌的血流灌注有明显改善。     

Observational study of the circulation in the southern South China Sea

CTD data from two oceanographic survey cruises, conducted by “Shiyan No. 3” R/V during two reversing monsoons, were employed to calculate and analyze the distributions of temperature, salinity and geopotential anomaly in the southern South China Sea (SSCS). Based on these distributions, the horizontal structures of the SSCS circulation are described systematically. Study results show that the SSCS circulation structure could be classified as a two-layer (the upper and the lower) pattern, and that the main circulation in the upper layer (0–400 m) is driven by the South China Sea monsoons and is opposite in direction to the reversal of the monsoons. The distributions of principal current systems and their features are presented. Two important local phenomena, local eddy and oceanic front, were observed.     

Leakage of mantle helium from the Liaodong Peninsula, China

The isotopic cumpositions of helium have been investigated in hot spring gases sampled from the Liaodong Peninsula. China. The³He/⁴He ratios range from 0.14 Ra (0.14 times the atmospheric³He/⁴He ratio of 1.40 × 10^-6 to 0.72 Ra.³He/⁴He versus⁴He/²⁰Ne ratios and He contents suggest that a small amount of mantle-derived helium reaches the earth’s surface. Helium iwtope ratios of the hot spring gases show a distribution pattern similar to the regional heat flow values, indicating that the positive thermal anomaly occurring in the rtrea is closely associated with the presence of mantle-derived helium. The observations described above provide some significant evidence that the molten magma originating from partial melting of the upper mantle may have intruded into the continental crust along the activity fault. The coupling of the presence of mantle He and heat flow anomalies to seismic activity in studied region seem to imply that there is an internal relationship between mantle degassing and seismic activity.