飞板运动规律的特征线差分方法研究

在经典理论及公式的基础上利用特征线数值插分方法对飞板运动规律进行研究。在差分过程中对于滑移爆轰飞板抛掷问题进行模型化时，将炸药与空气界面视为炸药与真空界面；在对声速面进行处理时采用简单弱爆轰假设。采用特征线法差分格式，编制程序对飞板二维抛掷问题进行数值求解，在爆炸焊接中常用的炸药质量比与炸药γ值范围，采用最小二乘法对数值计算结果进行拟合。     

GMAW 温度场计算及其焊接质量的特征建模

根据传热学、流体力学、物理冶金等理论，在熔化极气体保护焊(GMAW)的三维非稳态熔池的数学模型基础上建立了有限元模型，并使用通用有限元软件ANSYS对熔池温度场进行了计算．通过熔宽和熔深的测量值与ANSYS计算值进行比较，误差均控制在8％以内，表明使用ANSYS来计算GMAW温度场是可靠和可行的．结合智能诊断的基本理论，还建立了GMAW焊接质量的人工神经网络预测模型，并且采用软件MATLAB6．1对模型进行计算．结果表明，模型与实际过程符合较好，对于非线性的焊接过程，神经网络的适应性较强．     

Some Problems of Rails For High-speed Railway of China

Acciording to running experience of high-speed railway abroad,a full attention must be paid to some requirements of specifica-tion of rails for high-speed railway,such as materil mechanical properties,rimension tolernces,straightness,surface flatness and so on.It is suggested that the long-length rails should be laid in high-speed railway,and the feasibility of producing,welding and transporting of long-length rails should be researched.On the basis of technical innovation of domestic manufacturers,it is practicable to lay 50-100mlong-length rails should be researched.On the basis of producing,welding and transporting of long-length homemade rails in high-speed railway of China.The following welding programme of rails for hiah-speed railway can be adiop-ted:50-100m long-lenath rails can be welded as 500m long rail string through flash butt welding in plant,then in field the reid string can be welded through a mobile flash butt welding or thermit welding.As the specification of rails or high-seed railway is rigorous.some related techniques to long-length rails should be researched and practised as soon as possible,including mobile flash butt welding tech-nique,transporting and reinforcing techniques of lon-length rails,etc…     

Research and Application of All-Position Automatic Welding Machine

The all-position automatic welding machine system is the special welding system for pipeline girth automatic welding on site, which has been widely used in the long distance pipeline construction projects due to the advantages of automatic control for welding parameters at all position, moving speed of bugs and operating. This automatic pipeline welding system has been successfully used in several main pipeline projects in China, and has been approved by the constructors with the benefits of higher quality passing rate, higher welding efficiency and lower labor intensity.     

装配式剪力墙竖向焊接节点抗剪性能

为了对装配式剪力墙结构节点干式连接方案进行研究,在已有研究成果新型预制复合墙板体系的基础上提出了采用焊接连接的装配式剪力墙干式节点方案,并通过两批共5个焊接节点试件的单调静力加载试验来考察竖向节点的抗剪性能和变形能力.试验表明,节点试件具有较好的抗剪性能和变形能力;试件破坏始于节点周围区混凝土出现裂缝,终于连接钢板和锚筋剪断致使节点试件失去承载能力.在此基础上通过ABAQUS有限元分析软件对节点试件受力过程进行了模拟,并对各种材料参数进行了详细比较和分析.通过比较可知该类节点抗剪性能和变形能力主要由连接钢板、锚筋抗剪承载力和节点周围区混凝土抗压承载力决定,纵筋、箍筋、预埋钢板等材料参数变化对节点试件影响不大.最终,得到了竖向节点焊接连接方案可用于装配式剪力墙结构节点连接之中的结论.     

Development of liquid-nitrogen-cooling friction stir spot welding for AZ31 magnesium alloy joints

A liquid-nitrogen-cooling friction stir spot welding (C-FSSW) technology was developed for welding AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets. The liquid-nitrogen cooling degraded the deformability of the welded materials such that the width of interfacial cracks increased with increasing cooling time. The grain size of the stirred zone (SZ) and the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of the C-FSSW-welded joints decreased, whereas that of the thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ) increased with increasing cooling time. The maximum tensile shear load of the C-FSSW-welded joints welded with a cooling time of 5 or 7 s was larger than that of the friction stir spot welding (FSSW)-welded joint, and the tensile shear load decreased with increasing cooling time. The microhardness of the C-FSSW-welded joints was greater than that of the FSSW-welded joint. Moreover, the microhardness of the SZ and the HAZ of the C-FSSW-welded joints increased, whereas that of the TMAZ decreased, with increasing cooling time.     

焊装线水平输送装置设计及其核心部件仿真

焊装线作为汽车制造过程中的重要部分,其技术水平决定了汽车车身的整体质量。本文运用CATIA软件设计了新的焊装线的水平输送装置,解决了现有设备因两侧重量不同,举升过程不稳定的缺陷。同时利用ANSYS Workbench软件对水平输送装置的关键部件,即齿轮齿条的齿面接触应力进行了分析。为设计人员以后对焊装线传输设备齿轮、齿条的设计选型提供了重要的参考价值。     

摩擦搅拌焊接过程热力耦合数值模拟

提出了一种基于瞬时相对线速度的搅拌头产热模型,利用ABAQUS有限元软件建立了焊接过程温度场有限元模型,对摩擦搅拌焊接过程温度场进行了数值模拟并利用有限元模型分析了焊接温度场的不对称性;在温度场有限元模型的基础上建立了摩擦搅拌焊接过程热力耦合有限元模型,利用ABAQUS有限元软件对焊接过程动态应力和焊后残余应力的分布进行了仿真模拟。结果表明：焊接过程最高温度低于被焊材料熔点,搅拌头前方温度梯度大于搅拌头后方,并且温度梯度随焊接速度的提高变化更为剧烈;焊接过程试件内存在动态应力场,随着试件的冷却逐渐转化为残余应力场,横向残余应力在试件内分布较广,大部分区域内为横向拉应力,而在试件周围拉应力逐渐转变为压应力,纵向残余应拉应力只局限于接近焊缝的一个很窄的区域,在周围区域有较低的压应力,距离焊缝越远其值越低。     

X100直缝埋弧焊管断裂韧性的裂纹尖端张开位移试验研究

为了检验X100直缝埋弧焊管的断裂韧性,采用三点弯曲多试样法,在室温、-10℃和-30℃下对该焊管的母材、热影响区和焊缝部位进行了裂纹尖端张开位移(CTOD)试验.测试结果表明:在同一温度下,CTOD试验的表观启裂值δ0.05、条件启裂值δi和最大载荷值δm的分布规律为母材最好,焊缝次之,热影响区最差;采用裂纹扩展阻力和撕裂模量表征的分布规律为母材最好,热影响区次之,焊缝最差;焊接热影响区组织中含有大量呈块状分布的铁素体,而粒状贝氏体等增强相的含量较少,这会造成其韧性下降,使焊管出现局部失稳现象.     

基于双目视觉的水泥混凝土路面错台检测方法

针对水泥混凝土路面错台测量手段的不足,提出了一种基于双目视觉的错台测量方法.该方法根据双目摄像机的成像特点和水泥混凝土路面的图像特征,对接缝位置进行定位和错台计算.定位分为2个主要步骤,一是基于灰度投影的粗定位,二是在粗定位的基础上提取接缝附近图像,利用灰度投影和边缘投影精定位.由双目视觉测量系统计算相邻2块水泥板在错台附近点的三维坐标,利用这些坐标计算错台量,其中关键环节是在双目图像匹配时提出了一种基于匹配点位置估计的匹配算法.试验表明,与直尺测量结果吻合.