复合掺杂固体电解质氧离子导电性的回归模型

基于导电粒子模型分析,采取数学简化处理手段,建立了关于氧离子导电电解质掺杂体系的数学模型和线性回归方程．测量了采用Y2O3,Sm2O3,Nd2O3,La2O3复合掺杂形成的Ce0.8Gd0.2-xMxO1.9-δ的一系列组分的高温电导率．运用该线性回归数学模型分析某些已有数据和本试验数据,都得到线性相关性较好的结果．分析表明,掺杂离子和所取代离子的半径差越大,离子导电性越高．改进该模型可望使之具有更好的预测性．     

宫腔镜手术围手术期患者生命体征、血糖及电解质的变化

目的:探讨宫腔镜下围手术期患者生命体征以及血糖、电解质的变化。方法:对158例择期宫腔镜手术患者分别于手术前、手术后10、20、40、60、80 m in观测并记录平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)和中心静脉压(CVP)等指标,并观察血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞压积(Hct)、血钾(K )、血钠(Na )、血氯(C l-)、血钙(Ca2 )和血糖(G lu)等参数变化。结果:在整个手术中过程中,MAP、HR、血糖和CVP等参数在手术开始40 m in后与术前比较明显增高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Hb、Hct、Na 和C l-在手术开始40 m in后与术前比较明显下降,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:宫腔镜手术时间越长,出现过度水化综合征的机会越大,因此密切监测生命指标及血糖、血清Na 的变化是至关重要的。     

碱处理改性PVDF-HFP聚合物电解质膜

通过碱液处理对聚偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯(PVDF-HFP)聚合物电解质进行改性,并利用IR、XRD、SEM等表征了改性后聚合物电解质的组成和结构。SEM照片显示改性后的聚合物电解质膜呈海绵多孔状,有利于锂离子的传导。线形伏安扫描测得该聚合物电解质在6 V以内具有很好的电化学稳定性;交流阻抗方法测得20℃时改性后聚合物电解质的离子电导率为1.272×1-0 3S/cm。此改性方法简单,成本较低,且对环境无害。     

Effect of electrolytes on electrochemical properties of graphene sheet covered with polypyrrole thin layer

Graphene sheet (GS) was successfully covered with a polyp yrrole (PPy) thin layer through in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of pyrrole monomers in aqueous solution by using GS as a support materi al and ferric trichloride as an oxidant. The resulting nanocomposite was studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and electrical measurements, including cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge/discharge experiment (GCD), and impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It has been found that the nanocomposite exhibited a typically curved and layer ?like structure, and conformational change of PPy chains occurred due to the π?π stacking interaction between the graphitic structures in GS and aromatic rings of the PPy chains. More attention was paid to the effect of electrolytes on electrochemical properties of the nanocomposites, as expected, electrochemical performance was dependent on the nature of the electrolyte, and the neutral electrolytes containing alkali metal ions were found to be very suitable for GS/PPy nanocomposite. Compared with the pure PPy, the nanocomposite possessed larger specific capaci tance and lower internal im pedance, indicating that the nanocomposite can be a promising candidate as electrod e material for supercapacitors.     

三乙醇胺对全钒液流电池正极电解液的影响

通过热稳定性考察、紫外-可见吸收光谱、循环伏安和充放电测试,研究了三乙醇胺作为全钒液流电池正极电解液添加剂对电化学活性和5价钒电解液热稳定性的影响.实验结果表明,三乙醇胺对电解液的热稳定性有较大的提高,5价钒离子浓度在50℃下保存12h后仍有1.08mol/L,高于空白电解液的0.16mol/L.由可紫外-可见吸收光谱可知,三乙醇胺的加入没有改变钒的成键方式.同时,三乙醇胺对正极电解液的电化学活性和可逆性也有提高,有更高的峰电流和更小的峰电位差,组装的电池前30个循环平均能量效率可达80.4%,高于空白电池的1.4%.     

染料敏华太阳能电池的研究进展与趋势

对染料敏化太阳能电池（DSC）的结构原理进行了详细的概述．着重对DSC中的纳米半导体薄膜材料、敏化剂、电解质、对电极等几个方面的现状与发展趋势进行了评述,并对DSC遇到的挑战与应用前景进行了展望．     

电解质溶液热力学理论研究的进展

简述了电解质溶液热力学理论研究的进展,列举了电离理论、离子互吸理论和电导理论等经典理论.对Pitzer理论、活度系数的半经验公式及聚电解质的分子热力学模型和液/液界面电解质的转移反应等作了介绍,分析了它们的应用范围及局限性.     

CH3COOH和CoCl2与NaOH形成的多移动化学反应界面实验研究

在CH3COOH、CoCl2与NaOH形成的多移动化学反应界面系统中,进行了Co2 ‖OH-和H ‖OH-界面移动速度的实验研究,并建立了静止中和反应界面。结果表明,实验结果与多移动化学反应界面方程的计算定量吻合。     

Electrochemical behavior of aluminum foil in 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquids electrolytes

Aluminum (Al) foil is widely used as a current collector in lithium ion batteries, EDLCs and other electrochemical devices, and its electrochemical behavior in electrolytes has great effect on the cycle performances and safety of the electrochemical devices. In this work, corrosion behavior of Al foil in 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquids and its electrolytes containing LiTFSI as salt were studied using cyclic voltammogram method. It was found that a passive film was firmly formed on the surface of Al foil after the anodic polarization in BMI-BF_4 compared to those in EMI-BF_4 and PMI-BF_4. In addition, anodic polarization research showed that the passive film on Al surface in BMI-TFSI did not well exist. A good passive film formed on the surface of Al foil in BMI-BF_4 was not broken down until the potential was up to 94.58 V. Moreover, EDX and XPS analysis showed that F and O exist on the Al surface after the anodic polarization in BMI-BF_4, which ind-cated that a passive film like AlF3 and Al2O3 may be formed on its surface.     

电导法测定293K时稀土铒盐在DMF中的活度因子

应用电导法测定了293K时稀土铒盐在DMF中的活度因子,首先在293K时测定了稀土铒盐在DMF中的电导率,利用公式λ=(κ液-κ剂)×10-3/c计算了稀土铒盐的摩尔电导率,应用Kohlrausch经验规则λ=λ0(1-βc),使用Origin软件进行线性拟合,作图外推求得稀土铒盐在DMF中的无限稀释摩尔电导率λ0值,利用Debye-Hücker和Osager-Falkenhangen公式计算了稀土铒盐在DMF中的活度因子,并讨论了293K时浓度对稀土铒盐在DMF中活度因子的影响.结果显示,随着稀土铒盐溶液浓度的增加,稀土铒盐溶液的活度因子降低.