Orb‐web spiders (Araneae: Araneomorphae; Orbiculariae) captured by hunting‐wasps (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) in an area of Atlantic Forest in south‐eastern Brazil

Members of two hunting‐wasp families, Pompilidae and Sphecidae, are among the major predators of orb‐web spiders. In this study, we collected paralysed spiders from natural nests and trap‐nests provisioned by sphecids in an area of Brazilian Atlantic Forest, and compared these data with the composition of species collected by visual searching during one year. Prey preferences were analysed based on the relative abundance of spider species, their size and web characteristics. We also compiled a list of orb‐weavers captured by four sphecid genera reported in 40 other studies. A large number of prey was obtained from natural nests of Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) albonigrum in Parque Estadual Intervales, especially species of Eustala, Parawixia, and Araneus (Araneidae). Other prey, stored in trap‐nests by T. lactitarse and unidentified hunting‐wasp species, included Nephila (Tetragnathidae), Parawixia, Ocrepeira, Mecynogea, Acacesia (Araneidae), and other spider species that were less abundant. All the species that were heavily preyed upon had a relatively lower abundance in our samples of prey availability. The range of body sizes of spiders captured by Trypoxylon in our study area include the size of some abundant orb‐weavers always absent in their nests. These results indicate that factors other than abundance in the field and the spider's size influence prey selection or susceptibility to attack.     

Forecasting economic indicators using a consumer sentiment index: Survey‐based versus text‐based data

Given the confirmed effectiveness of the survey‐based consumer sentiment index (CSI) as a leading indicator of real economic conditions, the CSI is actively used in making policy judgments and decisions in many countries. However, although the CSI offers qualitative information for presenting current conditions and predicting a household's future economic activity, the survey‐based method has several limitations. In this context, we extracted sentiment information from online economic news articles and demonstrated that the Korean cases are a good illustration of applying a text mining technique when generating a CSI using sentiment analysis. By applying a simple sentiment analysis based on the lexicon approach, this paper confirmed that news articles can be an effective source for generating an economic indicator in Korea. Even though cross‐national comparative research results are suited better than national‐level data to generalize and verify the method used in this study, international comparisons are quite challenging to draw due to the necessary linguistic preprocessing. We hope to encourage further cross‐national comparative research to apply the approach proposed in this study.     

基于改进BP网络的中文歧义字段分词方法研究

文本挖掘中中文歧义字段的自动分词是计算机科学面临的一个难题.针对汉语书写时按句连写,词间无间隙,歧义字段分词困难的特点,对典型歧义中所蕴含的语法现象进行了归纳总结,建立了供词性编码使用的词性代码库.以此为基础,通过对具有特殊语法规则的歧义字段中的字、词进行代码设定,转化为神经网络能够接受的输入向量表示形式,然后对样本进行训练,通过改进BP神经网络的自学习来掌握这些语法规则.训练结果表明:算法在歧义字段分词上达到了93.13%的训练精度和92.50%的测试精度.     

基于词二元接续的中文文本自动查错研究

运用语料库语言统计方法对中文文中自动查错的有关问题进行探讨，运用词二元接续关系进行查错，主要依据词二元同现概率，互信息，t-测试差，其中，t-测试差是首次被应用于查错。     

浅谈基于工作过程系统化的《SQL数据库》教学情境设计

基于工作过程系统化的课程源于真实，但应高于真实，不仅仅要将经验技能传授给学生，更重要的是将探知规律的方法传授给学生．在教学过程中引导、培养学生知识迁移的思维能力，使之通过举一反三能够触类旁通，掌握解决问题的通用技法。     

基于文本的图像检索与基于内容的图像检索技术的比较研究

随着互联网的快速发展及各种数字化设备的普及,现代数字社会中的图像信息的数量在迅猛增长,图像信息的检索技术的研究得到了越来越多的关注.本文介绍了基于文本的图像检索技术与基于内容的图像检索技术,比较研究了这两种技术的不同的特点,指出综合运用TBIR和CBIR共同检索Web图像.     

英语语篇的显性粘合作用

粘合作用是在句与句之间起作用的一种语义关系,是通过一定的表达方式表现出来的,可以使语篇结构完整,语意连贯。文章从语音、句法、和词汇等方面分析,表明粘合作用是构成完整语篇不可缺少的组成部分。     

基于X3D不规则圆柱体构造算法研究与实现

目前,多边形表面模型是最常用的一种三维几何模型表示方法.然而这种复杂的三维几何模型经常超过了系统的处理能力,既占据大量的存储空间,也不利于互联网传输.针对这一缺陷,文章提供一种使用X3D的Indexed Triangle Strip Set节点构造不规则圆柱体模型的方法.不规则圆柱体采用层数及每一层半径表示方法,并结合曲面精度一同拟合3D几何面.此方法具有模型构建精度高的特点.     

基于替换有格式文本空间特征信息的隐藏策略

利用少量转变文本的行间距与字间距等空间特征，提出了一种利用替换文本空间特征进行隐藏信息嵌入和提取的策略．